Is 


THE  MODEL  W0ED-B00K  SEKIES.  |B 

TH  K 


OOEL  ETYMOL^tY 


«*r 


SENTENCES 


|F   SFAWTNG  THE  CORRECT  USE  OP  WORDS. 
UC-NRLF 


SB    3D7    13M 

GIVING  THE  ANALYSIS  OF  ENGLISH  WORDS. 
BY 

A.   C.   WEBB, 

>CIPAL   OF   ZANF    STREET   GRAMMAR    SCHOOL. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

ELDREDGE   &    BROTHER, 

17  &  19  South  Sixth  Street. 


LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF 
CAUfORWA 


^y  •€?>   /&,  /f2  2. 


j^^,/^w  & 


THE  MODEL  WORD  BOOK.  No.  2. 
THE 

MODEL  ETYMOLOGY, 

WITH 

SENTENCES 

SHOWING  THE  CORRECT  USE  OF  WORDS; 

JOHN  S.  PRELL 

Civil  &  MecKanical  Engineer, 

SAN  FR^N^lSeO,  CAL. 

GIVING   THE    ANALYSIS    OF    ENGLISH  WOKDS*. 

By  A.  0.  WEBB, 

PRINCIPAL   OP    ZANE    STREET    GRAMMAR    SCHOOL. 

FIFTH     EDITION. 


PHILADELPHIA: 
ELDREDGE    &    BROTHER, 

17  &  19  SOUTH  SIXTH  STREET. 

BOSTON  !  WOODMAN  So  HAMMETT.      STEW    YORK  :  J.  W.  SCHERMERHORN  &  CO. 
BALTIMORE  :     J.  W.  BOND  &  CO. 

186  9. 


Office  of  the  Controllers  of  Public  Schools, 
First  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Philadelphia,  October  12, 1867. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Controllers  of  Public  Schools,  First  District  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, held  at  the  Controllers'  Chamber,  October  7  th,  1867,  the  following  Resolution 
was  adopted: 

"  Resolved,  That  the  '  Model  Definer '  and  the  '  Model  Etymology '  be  added  to 
the  list  of  text-books." 

From  the  Minutes : 

H.  W.  Halliwell,  Secretary. 


Office  of  the  Commissioners  of  Public  Schools, 

Baltimore,  April  29, 1868. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Commissioners  of  Public  Schools,  held  this  date,  the  follow- 
ing Resolution  was  unanimously  adopted : 

"  Resolved,  That  Webb's  '  Model  Etymology '  be  adopted  for  use  in  the  Public 
Schools  in  this  city." 

Attest,  H.  M.  Cowles,  Secretary. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1867,  by 

A.  C.  WEBB, 

in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States  for  the 

Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania. 


f)r&'&  J-   FAGAN   &    SON,  *^| 

^L»      STEREOTYPICS,   PniLAD'A.     ^J 


JL&ft  Oh 


CAXTON    PRESS    OF 
IEEMAN   &    CO.,    PHILADELPHIA. 


Ada  to  Lib. 
GIFT 


JOH|Y  S.  PRELL 

Civil  &  Mechanical  Engineer. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.    *^SL 
PREFACE.  >?t€ 

THE  "MODEL  WORD-BOOK"  SERIES.      Ed^O 

CONSISTING   OF  ^jJfttei 

NO.  1.  MODEL  DEFINER,  FOR  BEGINNERS. 

NO.  2.  MODEL  ETYMOLOGY,  UNIFORM  WITH  NO.  1. 


The  importance  of  Words  cannot  be  over-estimated.  Education 
depends  on  a  knowledge  of  the  meaning  and  application  of  Words. 
Knowledge  can  be  imparted  and  received  only  by  the  medium  of 
words,  correctly  used  and  properly  understood.  The  basis  of  a  good 
education  must  be  laid  with  words,  well  chosen,  properly  arranged, 
and  firmly  implanted  in  the  mind. 

From  the  ricliness  of  the  English  Language,  which  gives  many  words 
to  the  same  meaning,  and  many  and  diverse  meanings  to  the  same 
word,  the  proper  use  of  a  word  cannot  be  deduced  from  its  meaning. 
How,  then,  is  the  knowledge  of  the  use  of  words  to  be  imparted  to 
children?  Either  by  the  teacher,  or  by  conversation  and  reading. 
By  the  latter  method,  the  knowledge  acquired  is  limited  in  extent ; 
and  as  it  is  entirely  dependent  on  the  power  of  observation,  the  im- 
pressions received  are  faint  and  ill-defined,  and  the  conclusions  arrived 
at  frequently  incorrect. 

No  teacher  would  think  of  teaching  Arithmetic,  by  simply  impart- 
ing the  Rules,  and  then  leaving  to  the  child  their  correct  application. 
Yet,  the  practice  of  Arithmetic  might  possibly  be  left  to  such  teaching, 
inasmuch  as  Arithmetic  is  an  exact  science  based  on  fixed  principles, 
from  which  correct  reasoning  must  deduce  correct  results.  But  no  rea- 
soning can  show  to  the  child,  who  has  learned  "Deduce,  to  draw"  that 
he  must  not  say,  "I  tried  to  deduce  the  horse  from  the  stable;"  or, 
"Deciduous,  falling."  "The  boy  deciduous  from  the  window,  was  killed." 

These  are  the  errors  of  untrained  children ;  but  the  laughable  mis- 
takes of  intelligent  foreigners,  when  they  attempt  to  combine  words 

212  (v) 


Vl  PREFACE. 

9 

according  io  their  meaning,  is  conclusive  proof  of  the  proposition 
that,  The  only  way  by  which  the  use  of  a  word  can  be  taught,  is  to 
give  a  sentence  in  which  the  word  is  correctly  used.  Even  in  his 
vernacular,  an  educated  man  would  not  use  a  word,  which  he  had 
neither  seen  in  writing,  nor  heard  from  the  lips  of  a  good  speaker. 
Take,  for  instance,  Uncial,  relating  to  letters  of  a  large  size ;  Interca- 
ate,  to  insert ;  Fiduciary,  firm,  — what  intelligent  man  would  use  these 
words,  simply  because  he  knew  their  meaning?  How  unjust  and  use- 
less, then,  to  demand  of  an  ignorant  and  untrained  child,  that  which 
no  adult  can  give ;  namely,  the  correct  use  of  a  word  derived  from  its 
meaning  only. 

Some  teachers,  convinced  by  experience  of  the  necessity  of  illus- 
trative sentences,  require  children  to  procure  them  at  home.  But  the 
importance  and  difficulty  of  the  work  demand,  that  it  should  not  be  left 
to  the  uncertainties  of  home  teaching.  The  labor  involved  forbids  that 
this  essential  part  of  education  should  be  imposed  on  the  parent.  Like 
Arithmetic,  or  any  other  department  of  knowledge,  it  should  be  per- 
formed by  the  teacher,  in  the  time  specially  set  apart  for  mental 
training. 

The  plan  adopted  in  the  "Model  Word-Book  Series  "  is  not  new. 
All  good  Dictionaries  illustrate  the  meaning  by  a  Model.  To  quote 
from  a  good  author,  a  sentence  containing  the  word,  as  proof  of  its 
correct  use,  is  the  only  authority  allowed. 

A  simple  trial  of  the  work,  either  by  requiring  the  child  to  form 
sentences  similar  to  those  given,  or  by  memorizing  the  sentences  as 
models  for  future  use,  will  convince  any  one  of  the  following 

ADVANTAGES  TO  BE  DERIVED  FROM  THE  "MODEL  WORD- 
BOOK" SERIES. 

1.  Saving  of  time.  2.  Increased  knowledge  of  words.  3.  Ease  to 
teacher  and  scholar.     4.  A  knowledge  of  the  correct  use  of  words. 


A   KEY, 

containing  the  Analysis  of  every  word,  which  could  present  any  diffi- 
culties  o  the  learuer,  is  appended. 


THE  MODEL  WORD  BOOK.  No.  2. 
THE 

MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

PAET  I. 

DEFINITIONS. 

Etymology  is  the  science,  which  treats  of  the  origin  and  derivation 
of  words. 

A  prefix  is  a  syllable  placed  before  a  root ;  as,  in,  not,  in  inarable, 
not  arable  (or  capable  of  being  tilled) ;  con,  with,  or  together,  in  connect, 
to  tie  together. 

A  root  is  the  radical  or  essential  part  of  a  word ;  as,  act-um  in  action, 
ann-us  in  annual. 

A  suffix  is  a  syllable  placed  after  a  root ;  as,  ant,  one  who  ;  tenant, 
one  who  holds ;  ize,  to  make ;  fertilize,  to  make  fertile. 

I.  PREFIXES, 

OF   LATIN   ORIGIN. 

AB,  (with  the  form  a,)  signifies  from  or  away  ;  absolve,  avert. 

ABS,  signifies  from  or  away  ;  abstract. 

AD,  (with  the  forms  a,  ac,  af  ay,  al,  am,  an,  ap,  ar,  as,  at,)  signifies 
to;  advert,  ascribe,  acclaim,  affix,  aggrieve,  allude,  ammunition,  an- 
nex, apportion,  arrogate,  assign,  attain. 

AM,  (with  the  form  amb,)  signifies  round,  or  about;  amputate, 
ambition. 

ANTE,  (with  the  form  anti,)  signifies  before;  antecedent,  anticipate. 

BE,  signifies  to  make;  befit. 

CIRCTJM,  signifies  round,  or  about;  circumspect. 

CON,  (with  the  forms  co,  coy,  col,  com,  cor,)  signifies  with  or  toy  ether ; 
connect,  cohere,  cognizance,  colleague,  compact,  correct. 

CONTRA,  (with  the  forms  counter,  contro,)  signifies  ayainst;  contra- 
dict, countermand,  controvert. 

1*  (7) 


8  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

DE  signifies  down,  or  from;  deduct. 

DIS,  (with  the  forms  di,  dif,)  signifies :  1.  asunder,  2.  apart,  3.  away  ;  1. 
differ,  2.  divide,  3.  dispel. 

DIS  signifies  not;  disbelieve. 

EN  signifies:  1.  in,  2.  on,  3.  into,  4.  to  make,  5.  not;  1.  entrap,  2. 
engrave,  3.  entomb,  4.  enact,  6.  enemy. 

EX,  (with  the  forms  e,  ec,  ef,)  signifies  out;  exclude,  emit,  ecstasy, 
efflux. 

EXTRA  signifies  beyond;  extraordinary. 

IN,  (with  the  forms  iff,  il,  tin,  ir,)  signifies:  1.  in,  2.  on,  3.  into,  4. 
not;  1.  inject,  2.  impress,  3.  illuminate,  4.  ignoble. 

INTER,  (with  the  forms  enter,  intel,)  signifies  between,  among ;  inter- 
ine,  entertain,  intellect. 

INTRO  signifies  within;  introduce. 

MIS  signifies  wrong,  erroneous;  1.  misconduct,  2.  misconception. 

NEG  signifies  not;  neglect. 

NON  signifies  not;  nonsense  (no  sense). 

OB,  (with  the  forms  o,  oc,  of,  op,  os,)  signifies:  1.  in  the  way,  2.  against, 
3.  out;  1.  obstruct,  2.  oppose,  3.  obviate. 

PER,  (with  the  forms  pel,  pol,)  signifies  through,  thoroughly;  peram- 
bulate, pellucid,  pollute. 

POST  signifies  after ;  postscript. 

PRE  signifies  before;  precede. 

PRO,  (with  the  forms  por,  pur,  pru,)  signifies :  1.  for,  2.  forth,  3.  for- 
ward, 4.  out;  1.  pronoun,  2.  profuse,  3.  promote,  4.  protract;  portray, 
pursue,  prudent. 

PRETER  signifies  beyond;  preternatural. 

RE,  (with  the  form  red,)  signifies:  1.  back,  2.  again,  3.  anew;  1.  re- 
press, 2.  re-elect,  3.  recommend. 

RETRO  signifies  backwards;  retrograde. 

SE  signifies:    1.  aside,  2.  apart;  1.  secede,  2.  seclude. 

SINE,  (with  the  forms  sim,  sin,)  signifies  without;  sinecure,  simply, 
eincere. 

SUB,  (with  the  forms  su,  sue, suf,  sug,  sum,  sup,  sur,  sus,)  signifies  under; 
/suspect,  succeed,  suffer,  suggest,  summon,  support,  surreptitious,  sustain. 

SUBTER  signifies  under;  subterfuge. 

SUPER,  (with  the  form  sur,)  signifies:  1.  above,  2.  over,  3.  more  than 
enough;  1.  supernatural,  2.  supervise,  3.  superfluous;  surmount. 

TRANS,  (with  the  form  tra,)  signifies:  1.  over,  2.  through,  3.  be- 
yond;  I.  transgress,  2.  transparent,  3.  transmarine. 

UN  signifies:  1.  to  deprive  of,  2.  not;  1.  uncrown,  2.  unable. 

UNDER  signifies  beneath,  under ;  underrate. 

WITH  signifies  from  or  against;  withstand. 


II.   SUFFIXES, 

OF  LATIN   ORIGIN. 

AC  signifies  of,  "belonging,  relating,  we  pertaining  to;  demoniac. 

ACEOUS  signifies:  1.  of,  2.  consisting  of,  3.  like,  or  resembling;  1  ceta 
ceous,  2.  foliaceous,  3.  saponaceous. 

ACY  signifies:  1.  being,  2.  state  of  being,  3.  office  of;  1.  accuracy,  2. 
lunacy,  3.  magistracy. 

AGE  signifies:  1.  a  collection  of,  2.  being,  or  state  of  being,  3.  an  allow- 
ance for  ;  1.  foliage,  2.  peerage,  3.  wharfage. 

AL  signifies:  1.  of,  belonging,  relating,  or  pertaining  to,  2.  befitting  or 
becoming  ;  1.  personal,  2.  paternal. 

AN,  or  IAN,  signifies :  1.  one  who,  or  the  person  that,  2.  of,  belonging, 
relating,  or  pertaining  to;  1.  artisan,  2.  Christian,  human. 

ANCE,  or  ANCY,  (ENCE,  or  ENCY,)  signifies:  1.  being,  or  state  of 
being,  2.  Hng';  1.  vigilance,  constancy,  2.  acceptance,  vagrancy. 

ANT  signifies:  1.  one  who,  or  the  person  that,  2.  'ing';  1.  assail- 
ant, 2.  abundant. 

AR  signifies:  1.  one  who,  2.  of,  belonging,  relating,  or  pertaining  to,  3. 
having ;  1.  scholar,  2.  circular,  3.  muscular. 

ARD  signifies  owe  wAo;  drunkard. 

ARY  signifies:  1.  one  who,  or  the  person  that,  2.  o/,  belonging,  relating, 
or  pertaining  to,  3.  Me  jp&zce  where,  4.  Me  Mmo1  Ma2;  1.  adversary, 
2.  epistolary,  3.  library,  4.  boundary. 

ATjE  signifies:  1.  owe  who,  or  Me  person  that,  2.  having,  being,  3.  to 
wia&e,  to  oii>e,  to  put,  or  to  to&e;  1.  curate,  2.  corporate,  adequate,  3.  as- 
similate, animate,  illuminate,  exonerate. 

BLE,  ABLE,  or  IBLE,  signifies:  1.  may  be,  2.  can  be,  3.  worthy  of,  4. 
fit  to  be;  1,  visible,  2.  portable,  3.  contemptible,  4.  eligible. 

CLE,  or  CULE,  signifies  little,  or  small;  canticle,  corpuscle,  animal- 
cule. 

DOM  (Saxon)  signifies:  1.  the  place  where,  2.  state  of  being ;  1.  duke- 
dom, 2.  freedom. 

EE  signifies:  1.  one  who,  2.  one  to  whom;  1.  absentee,  2.  assignee. 

EER  signifies,  one  who,  or  the  person  that;  mountaineer. 

EN  signifies:  1.  made  of,  2.  to  make;  1.  wooden,  2.  shorten. 

ENCE,  or  ENCY,  (ANCE,  or  ANCY,)  signifies:  1.  being,  or  state  of 
being,  2.  Hng1;  1.  impudence,  innocency,  2.  confluence,  refulgency. 

ENT  signifies:  1.  one  who,  or  the  person  that,  2.  being,  or  ing ;  1. 
student,  2.  equivalent,  pendent. 

(9) 


10  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

ER  signifies:  1.  one  who,  or  the  person  that,  2.  more,  3.  thing  which; 
1.  teacher,  2.  broader,  3.  chapter. 
ESCENCE  signifies  state  of  growing  or  becoming;  convalescence. 
ESCENT  signifies  growing  or  becoming;   convalescent. 
ET  signifies  little,  or  small;  closet. 
FUL  signifies  full  of;  careful. 
FY  signifies  to  make  ;  magnify. 

IC,  or  ICAL,  signifies  of,  belonging,  relating,  or  pertaining  to ;  rustic, 
poetical. 

ICE  signifies:    1.  the  thing  that,  2.  the  quality  of;  1.  notice,  2.  cow- 
ardice. 

ICS  signifies:  1.  the  doctrine,  or  science  of,  2.  art  of;  1.  ethics,  2.  pyro- 
technics. 

ID  signifies:    1.  being,  2.  'ing, '  3.  the  thing  that;    1.  acrid,  2.  splen- 
did, 3.  fluid. 

ILE  signifies:  1.  belonging,  relating,  or  pertaining  to,  2.  mag  or  can 
be,  3.  easily;  1.  hostile,  2.  ductile,  3.  docile. 

INE  signifies  of,  belonging,  relating,  or  pertaining  to;  marine. 
ION  signifies:  1.  the  act  of,  2.  being,  or  state  of  being,  3.  iingi;  1.  ex- 
pulsion, 2.  corruption,  3.  friction. 

ISE,  or  IZE,  signifies:  1.  to  make,  2.  to  give;  1.  fertilize,  2.  charac- 
terize. 

ISH  signifies:    1.  somewhat,  2.   belonging  to,  3.  like,  4.  to  make;    1. 
blackish,  2.  Spanish,  3.  boyish,  4.  publish. 

ISM  signifies:    1.  being,  or  state  of  being,  2.  an  idiom,  3.  doctrine  of;  1. 
barbarism,  2.  anglicism,  3.  Calvinism. 

1ST  signifies  one  who,  or  the  person  that ;  novelist. 
ITE  signifies  one  who,  or  the  person  that;  having, ing, 
ITY,  or  TY,  signifies  being,  or  state  of  being ;  ability. 
IVE  signifies:   1.  one  who,  or  the  person  that,  2.  having  power,  3.  that 
can,  4.  'ing9;  1.  captive,  2.  persuasive,  3.  corrective,  4.  progressive. 
LET  signifies  little,  or  small;  rivulet. 
LESS  signifies  without ;  artless. 
LIKE  signifies  like,  or  resembling ;  manlike. 

LY,  for  LIKE,  signifies:  1.  like,  or  resembling,  2.  tn  a  manner  or  way; 
1.  princely,  2.  abruptly. 

MENT   signifies :    1.  being,  or  state  of  being,   2.  act  of,    3.  the  thing 
that;  1.  abasement,  2.  accomplishment,  3.  inducement. 

MONY  signifies:  1.    being,  or  state  of  being,  2.  thing  that;   1.  acri- 
mony, 2.  testimony. 
"VNESS  (Saxon)  signifies :  1.  being,  or  state  of  being,  2.  quality  of  being;  2. 
remoteness,  2.  acuteness. 

OB  signifies  one  who;  the  act  of,  ing;  sensation;  that  which  causes. 


SUFFIXES. 


11 


OKY  signifies :  1.  the  place  where,  2.  thing  that,  3.  of,  belonging,  relat- 
ing, or  pertaining  to,  'ing' ;  1.  armory,  2.  memory,  3.  consolatory,  tran- 
sitory. 

OSE  signifies  full  of;  jocose. 

OUS  signifies :  1.  full  of,  2.  consisting  of,  3.  belonging  to,  4.  given  to, 
5.  ( ing ';  1.  populous,  2.  aqueous,  3.  cutaneous,  4.  contentious,  5.  te- 
nacious. 

RY  (Saxon)  signifies:  1.  a  being,  2.  the  art  of,  3.  the  place  where ;  1. 
bravery,  2.  casuistry,  3.  ferry. 

SHIP  (Saxon)  signifies :  1.  the  office  of,  2.  the  state  of;  1.  clerk- 
ship, 2.  apprenticeship. 

SOME  signifies:  1.  somewhat,  2.  full  of;  1.  wearisome,  2.  frolic- 
some. 

STEB  signifies  one  who  ;  songster. 

TTJDE,  or  UDE,  signifies  being,  or  state  of  being ;  multitude,  quietude. 

TJLE  signifies  little,  or  small;  globule. 

TJRE  signifies:  1.  the  thing,  2.  being,  or  state  of  being,  3.  act  of; 
1.  picture,  2.  composure,  3.  departure. 

Y  signifies:  1.  the  being,  state  of  being,  2.  'ing,'  3.  full  of,  4.  covered 
with,  5.  consisting  of;  1.  anarchy,  2.  antipathy,  3.  healthy,  4.  flowery, 
5.  chalky. 


RECAPITULATION  OF  SUFFIXES. 


1.   BEING,  OR  STATE  OF  BEING. 

Acy, 

as  accuracy. 

Ment, 

as  abasement. 

Age, 

peerage. 

Mony, 

acrimony. 

Ance,  or  ancy ; 

Ness, 

remoteness-, 

ence,  or  ency, 

vigilance. 

Tude,  or  ude, 

multitude. 

Ion," 

corruption. 

Ure, 

picture. 

Ism, 

barbarism. 

Y, 

anarchy. 

Ity,  or  ty, 

ability. 

2.   BELONGING,  RELATES 

'G,  OR  PERTAINING  TO. 

Ac, 

as  demoniac. 

Ic,  ical, 

as  poetical* 

AI, 

personal. 

He, 

hostile. 

An,  or  ian, 

human. 

Ine, 

marine. 

Ar, 

circular. 

Ory, 

consolatory 

Ary, 

epistolary. 

12 


THE  MODEL  ETYMOLOGY. 


3.  ONE  WHO,  OR  THE  PERSON  THAT. 


An,  or  ian, 

Ant, 

Ar, 

Ard, 

Ary, 

Ate, 

Ee, 

Eer, 

as  artisan, 
assailant, 
scholar, 
drunkard, 
adversary, 
curate, 
absentee, 
mountaineer. 

Ent, 

Er, 

1st, 

Ite, 
Ive, 
Or, 
Ster, 

as  student, 
teacher, 
novelist, 
favorite, 
captive, 
captor, 
songster. 

4.    TO  MAKE. 

Ate, 
En, 

Fy, 

as  assimilate, 
shorten, 
magnify. 

Ise,  or  lze, 
Ish, 

as  fertilize, 
publish. 

5.    LITTLE,  OR  SMALL. 

Cle,  or  cule, 
Et, 

as  animalcule.       1    Ule, 
closet. 

6.    MAY,  OR  CAN  BE. 

as  globule. 

Able,  or  ible, 
Ble, 

as  visible.         1    He, 
audible.       |    Ive, 

7.   LIKE,  OR  RESEMBLING. 

as  ductile, 
corrective. 

Aceous, 
Ish, 

as  saponaceous.    1    Like, 
boyish.              |    Ly, 

as  manlike, 
princely. 

Escence, 
Escent,  e 

8. 
state  of  growing  or  becoming, 
rowing  or  becoming, 

convalescence, 
convalescent. 

9.    MISCELLANEOUS. 
Dom,  state  of  being,  as  freedom. 
Id,  thing  that,  fluid. 

Ice,  thing  that,  notice. 

Ics,  the  doctrine,  ethics. 

Less,  without,  artless. 


Ose,  full  of,  as  jocose. 

Ry,  a  place  where,       ferry .- 
Ship,  the  office  of,        clerkship. 
Some,  somewhat,         wearisome. 


MISCELLANEOUS   EXERCISES 

IN  PREFIXES  AND  SUFFIXES. 


WORDS  DEFINED  IN  BOOK  NO.  1. 


Acute,  sharp. 
Act,  to  behave. 
Action,  a  performance. 

Agent,  one  intrusted  with  the  busi- 
ness of  another. 

Damage,  injury. 

Exact,  accurate.    . 

Manage,  to  carry  on. 

Exalt,  to  raise  up. 

Animal,  a  living  creature. 

Apt,  quick  of  apprehension. 

Author,  a  writer  of  a  book,  <fcc. 

Captain,  a  leader. 

Chapter,  a  division  of  a  book. 

Accuse,  to  charge  with  a  crime. 

Excuse,  to  pardon. 

Cave,  a  hollow  place. 

Certain,  sure. 

Exclaim,  to  cry  out. 

Clear,  bright. 

Recline,  to  lean  back. 

Reconcile,  to  conciliate  again. 

Courage,  boldness. 

Discord,  disagreement. 

Crown,  the  head  ornament  worn  by 
kings. 

Creditor,  one  who  trusts  another  with 
a  debt. 

Creation,  the  act  of  creating. 

Creator,  God,  the  maker  of  all  things. 

Increase,  to  augment. 

Decrease,  to  grow  less. 

Cruel,  hard-hearted. 

Cross,  peevish. 

Crucify,  to  put  to  death  on  a  cross. 


Cure,  a  remedy. 

Addition,  increase. 

Double,  consisting  of  two. 

Perish,  to  die. 

Family,  the  body  of  persons  who  live 
in  a  house  under  one  head  or  man- 
ager. 

Confess,  to  acknowledge. 

Honest,  upright. 

Latitude,  distance  from  the  equator 
either  north  or  south. 

Majestic,  stately. 

Remnant,  residue. 

Mariner,  a  seaman. 

Mention,  to  speak  of. 

Morsel,  a  small  piece  of  food. 

Amuse,  to  divert. 

Navy,  the  war-vessels,  taken  collec- 
tively, belonging  to  the  government. 

Annexed,  united  to  at  the  end. 

Pair,  a  couple. 

Disappear,  to  vanish. 

Pasture,  ground  where  cattle  may 
graze. 

Peculiar,  singular. 

Depend,  trust  to. 

Repeat,   o  recite. 

Picture,  a  painting. 

Displease,  to  offend. 

Plenty,  abundance. 

Polish,  brighten. 

Pound,  16  or  12  ounces. 

Prison,  a  place  of  confinement. 

Price,  value. 

Count,  to  reckon. 

(13) 


14 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Primer,  a  child's  first  book. 

Request,  to  entreat. 

Quiet,  at  rest. 

Erase,  to  rub  out. 

Razor,  an  instrument  for  shaving. 

Ravage,  to  lay  waste. 

Arrive,  to  come  to. 

Rival,  a  competitor. 

Rude,  rough. 

Salmon,  a  fish. 

Safe,  free  fiom  danger. 

Salutation,  a  greeting. 

Ascend,  to  go  up. 

Descend,  to  go  down. 

Scissors,  small  shears. 

Section,  a  part. 

Insect,  a  small  animal. 

Seminary,  a  school. 

Sensible,  intelligent. 

Deserve,  to  merit. 

Observe,  to  watch. 

Dissolve,  to  melt. 

Disperse,  to  scatter. 

Space,  room. 

Strict,  exact. 

Straight,  not  crooked. 

Tempest,  storm. 


Detention,  confinement. 

Detest,  to  abhor. 

Text,  a  passage  of  Scripture  used  as 

the  subject  of  a  discourse. 
Timid,  fearful. 
Tremble,  to  shake. 
Distribute,  to  divide  among  two  or 

more. 
Tutor,  a  teacher. 
Tomb,  a  grave. 
Tumult,  a  commotion. 
Umbrella,   a    shade    carried    in    the 

hand. 
Unite,  to  join. 
Union,  a  joining. 
Abuse,  to  use  improperly. 
Misuse,  to  treat  badly. 
Valiant,  brave. 
Convey,  to  carry. 
Veil,  a  curtain. 
Vest,  to  put  in  possession  of. 
Veteran,  an  old  soldier. 
Convinced,  persuaded. 
Vanquish,  to  conquer. 
Revive,  to  live  again. 
Survive,  to  outlive. 
Vivid,  bright. 


MISCELLANEOUS  EXERCISES 

UNDER  LATIN  VERBS. 


WORDS  DEFINED  AND  COMBINED  IN  BOOK  NO.  I. 

A.7YI-0,  I  love. 
Amiable,  worthy  to  be  loved. 


Enemy,  a  foe. 

Cad-o,  I  fall. 
Cascade,  a  waterfall. 
Accident,  that  which  happens  un- 
foreseen. 
Decay,  to  fall  away. 


Capi-O,  I  take. 
Deceive  to  cheat. 
Captive,  a  prisoner. 

Ced-O,  I  yield,  I  go  away. 
Cease,  stop. 
Cede,  to  give  up. 
Exceed,  to  go  beyond. 
Precede,  to  go  before. 


MISCELLANEOUS    EXEECISES. 


15 


Proceed,  to  go  forward. 

Recess,  a  place  or  time  of  retreat. 

Curr-o9  I  run. 
Concur,  to  agree. 
Occurred,  happened. 

Dic-09  I  say. 
Dictionary,  a  book  containing  the 
words  of  a  language. 

Duc-09  Head. 
Deduct,  subtract. 
Duke  a  noble. 
Introduce,  to  usher  in. 
Inducement,  motive. 

Faci-O,  I  do,  I  make. 
Difficult,  hard  to  be  done. 

Flu-o9 1  flow. 
Fluid,  anything  that  flows. 

Fru-OV9  I  enjoy. 

Fruit,  the  part  of  a  plant  that  con- 
tains the  seed. 
CrT(ldi-OV9  I  take  steps,  I  walk. 

Congress,  an  assembly  of  legisla- 
tors. 

Mitt-O,  I  send. 

Admission,  admittance. 

Dismissed,  sent  away. 

Omit,  to  leave  out. 

Flic-o,  I  fold. 
Display,  to  show. 
Simple,  plain. 

Fori-09  I  put,  I  place. 
Composed,  wrote. 
Impostor,  a  deceiver. 

Fort-o9  I  carry. 
Porter,  a  carrier. 

2 


JP}*em-0,  I  press. 
Press,  urge. 

Heg-O,  I  direct,  I  rule. 
Correct,  right. 
Directly,  immediately. 
Rector,  a  pastor. 
Right,  correct. 
Incorrect,  wrong. 

Speci-09  Hook,  I  see. 
Despise,  to  look  down  upon  with 

contempt. 
Respect,  regard. 
Respectable,  worthy  of  regard. 

Spiv-09  I  breathe. 
Perspire,  to  send  out  moisture  by 
the  skin. 

Stru-09  I  build,  I  construct. 
Instruct,  to  teach. 
Instrument,  a  tool. 
Obstruct,  to  hinder. 

Tend-Q9  I  stretch. 
Tent,    a    covering    stretched    on 
poles. 

Trah-o9 1  draw. 
Track,  a  path. 
Subtract,  deduct. 

Veni-09  I  come. 
Avenue,  a  street. 
Convene,  to  assemble. 
Event,  circumstance. 

Vert-o9  I  turn. 
Adversary,  an  enemy. 
Aversion,  dislike. 
Converse,  to  talk  familiarly. 

V0C-09  I  call. 
Vowel,  one  of  the  letters. 
Voice,  sound  uttered  by  the  mouth. 


SENTENCES* 

SHOWING  THE  CORRECT  USE  OF  WORDS,  WITH  THE 
DEFINITION  AND  ETYMOLOGY. 


1.  The  motive  which  actuates  a  person,  should  always  be  taken 
into  consideration  in  judging  of  his  conduct. 

Actuates,  incites  to  action.     Ago,  (actum,}  I  do,  I  perform. 
Motive,  inducement.     Moveo,  (motum,)\  I  move. 

2.  The  most  amicable  relations  existed  between  Massasoit  and 
the  Plymouth  settlers  in  1620. 

Amicable,  friendly.     Amicus,  a  friend. 

3.  The  Croton  aqueduct  was  constructed  for  the  purpose  of  supplying 
New  York  with  water ;  it  is  capable  of  providing  amply  for  the  wants 
of  the  city. 

Amply,  largely.     Amplus,  large. 

Aqueduct,  channel  for  water.     Aqua,  water;  duco,  (ductum,)  I  lead. 

Constructed,  built.     Struo,  (structum,)  I  build,  I  construct. 

Supplying,  furnishing.     Pleo,  (pletum,)  I  fill. 

Capable,  able.     Capio,  (captum,)  I  take. 

4.  The  aqueous,  portion  of  the  earth  greatly  preponderates  over  the 
solid  or  earthy  part. 

Aqueous,  watery.     Aqua,  water. 
Preponderates,  exceeds.     Pondus,  a  weight. 
Solid,  not  fluid.     Solidus,  solid. 

— — ^ 

*  These  sentences  are  the  same  as  those  used  in  Book  No.  1. 

f  In  this  Exercise,  the  part  of  the  root  enclosed  in  parenthesis,  is  the  supine  of  the 
verb,  and  is  to  he  defined  in  the  Infinitive  Mood;  thus:  —  Movto,  I  move;  motum,  to 
move. 

These  sentences  are  repeated  in  the  hody  of  the  work,  under  the  r  oot  of  the  word  which 
Is  placed  first  in  the  definitions.  In  the  sentence,  the  word  is  indicated  by  heavy,  black 
letters. 

(16) 


SENTENCES.  IT 

5.  An  aquarium  is  a  convenient  arrangement  for  c  bserving  the  habits 
of  aquatic  animals. 

Aquatic,  living  in  or  on  the  water. 

Convenient,  suitable.      Venio,  I  come. 

Observing,  watching.     Servo,  (servatum,)  I  watch,  I  preserve. 

Animals,  living  creatures.     Anima,  the  life,  the  spiritual  principle. 

6.  Pocahontas,  finding  it  useless  to  argue  with  the  Indians,  who 
had  formed  a  plot  to  exterminate  the  settlers,  determined  to  notify  tho 
colonists  of  their  danger. 

Argue,  to  reason.     Arguo,  I  argue. 

Useless,  unavailing.      Utor,  (usus,)  I  use. 

Exterminate,  to  destroy  utterly.     Terminus,  a  bound  or  limit. 

Determined,  decided.     Terminus. 

Notify,  to  give  notice.     Nosco,  (notum,)  I  know. 

Colonists,  settlers  in  a  colony.     Colo,  (cultum,)  I  cultivate. 

7.  The  legislature  of  Connecticut  is  in  session,  alternately 9  at  Hart- 
ford and  New  Haven. 

Alternately,  one  after  the  other.    Altemus,  one  after  the  other. 
Legislature,  the  law-making  power.     Lex,  a  law;   fero,    (latum,) 
I  bear,  I  carry. 

Session,  a  sitting.     Sedeo,  (sessum,)  I  sit. 

8.  The  alternation  of  day  and  night  is  caused  by  the  rotation  of 
the  earth  upon  its  axis. 

Alternation,  succession.     Altemus,  one  after  the  other. 
Rotation,  rotary  motion.     Rota,  a  wheel. 

9.  A  man  found  a  serpent  in  a  dormant  or  torpid  state,  and  took  it 
home,  intending  to  domesticate  it ;  but  he  soon  had  reason  to  repent 
of  his  folly. 

Domesticate,  to  accustom  to  the  residence  of  man.  Domus,  a  house 
or  home. 

Dormant,  insensible.     Dormio,  (dormitum,)  I  sleep. 

Torpid,  inactive.     Torpeo,  I  am  numb  or  stupid. 

Repent,  to  feel  sorry  for  something  one  has  done.  Pcsna  punish- 
ment. 

10.  To  deface  any  part  of  a  building  by  scribbling  or  drawing  a 
figure  upon  it,  is  a  vulgarism,  of  which  no  person,  having  the  slightest 
pretension  to  gentility,  would  be  guilty. 

Deface,  to  disfigure.     Fades,  a  face. 

Scribbling,  writing  carelessly.     Scribo,  (scriptum,)  I  write. 

Figure,  form.     Figfur-a,  an  image. 

Vulgarism,  vulgarity.      Vulgus,  the  common  people. 

Person,  a  human  being.     Persona,  a  person. 

Pretension,  claim.     Tendo,  {tensum,  or  tentum,)  I  stretch. 

Gentility,  refinement.     Ge'n-us,  (gen'-er-is,)  a  race,  a  family. 


18  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

11.  When  Pocahontas  was  in  England,  her  simplicity,  and  freedom 
from  affectation,,  won  the  love  of  all. 

Affectation,  assumed  feeling.    Facio,  [factum,)  I  do,  I  make. 
Simplicity,  artlessness.     Flico,  (plicatum,)  I  fold. 

12.  When  a  person  has  swallowed  poison,  the  most  efficacious 
remedy  at  hand  is  usually  the  white  of  an  egg,  which  neutralizes  the 
poison. 

Efficacious,  accomplishing  the  object.    Facio,  (factum,)  I  do,  I  make. 
Remedy,  a  cure.     Medeor,  I  cure. 
Usually,  ordinarily.      Utor,  (usus,)  I  use. 

Neutralizes,  destroys  the  peculiar  properties.  Neuter,  neither  of 
the  two. 

13.  A  young  man  having  committed  some  immoral  act,  Washington 
deemed  it  his  duty  to  remonstrate  with  him.  The  youth,  greatly  in- 
censed, actually  spit  in  his  face.  With  the  most  perfect  equanimity, 
Washington  wiped  it  off,  saying,  "Young  man,  I  wish  that  you  could 
efface  the  guilt  from  your  soul,  as  easily  as  I  can  wipe  off  this  insult 
from  my  face.9 * 

Efface,  wipe  out.     Fades,  the  face. 

Committed,  performed.     Mitto,  (missum,)  I  send. 

Immoral,  not  virtuous.     Mos,  custom,  practice. 

Remonstrate,  to  expostulate.  Monstro,  (monstratum,)  I  point  out, 
I  show. 

Incensed,  enraged.     Candeo,  I  glow  with  heat. 

Actually,  really.     Ago,  (actum,)  I  do,  I  perform. 

Perfect,  complete.     Facio,  (factum,)  I  do,  I  make. 

Equanimity,  evenness  of  mind.  Equus,  equal,  just;  animus,  the 
mind. 

Insult,  an  affront.     Salio,  (saltum,)  I  leap,  I  spring. 

Face,  the  countenance.     Fades,  the  face. 

14.  Nothing  degrades  a  boy  more  than  to  use  profane  language,  or 
to  steal. 

Degrades,  disgraces.     Gradior,  (gressus,)  I  take  steps,  I  walk. 
Use,  to  employ.      Utor,  (usus,)  I  use. 
Profane,  blasphemous.     Fanum,  a  temple. 
Language,  speech.     Lingua,  the  tongue  ;  a  language. 

15.  He  who  disobeys  his  parents,  transgresses  the  law  of  God. 
Transgresses,  violates.  Gradior,  (gressus,)  I  take  steps,  I  walk. 
Parents,  father  and  mother. 

16.  One  of  the  juvenile  efforts  of  Benjamin  West  was  an  attempt  to 
delineate  the  portrait  of  his  sister. 

Delineate,  to  draw.     Linea,  a  line. 
Jovenile,  youthful.     Juvenis,  young. 


SENTENCES.  19 

Attempt,  endeavor.     Tento,  (tentatum,)  I  try. 
Portrait,  likeness.     Traho,  {tr  actum,)  I  draw. 

17.  It  is  customary  to  inaugurate  the  President  on  the  portico  of 
the  Capitol. 

Inaugurate,  to  invest  with  an  office  by  solemn  rites.  Augur,  a 
soothsayer. 

President,  the  chief  magistrate  of  the  United  States.  Sedeo,  (s€t- 
sum,)  I  sit. 

Portico,  entrance.     Porta,  a  gate. 

Capitol,  the  edifice  occupied  by  Congress.  Cap'-ut,  (cap'-it-is,)  the 
head. 

18.  Soda-water,  in  a  state  of  effervescence,  is  agreeable  to  the 
taste ;  but  when  that  has  passed  off,  it  becomes  very  insipid. 

Effervescence,  ebullition.     Ferveo,  I  boil. 

Insipid,  tasteless.     Sapio,  I  taste  of;  I  know,  I  am  wise. 

19.  There  was  a  general  illumination  on  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp 
Act. 

Illumination,  lighting  up.     Lumen,  light. 

General,  universal.     Ge'n-us,  (gen'-er-is,)  a  race,  a  family. 

20.  The  moon  is  not  a  luminous  body,  but  reflects  the  rays  of  the  sun. 

Luminous,  emitting  light.     Lumen,  light. 
Reflects,  throws  back.     Flecto,  (flezum,)  I  bend. 
Rays,  lines  of  light.     Radius,  a  rod,  a  spoke. 

21.  During  an  eruption  of  Mount  Vesuvius,  such  a  quantity  of  lava, 
ashes,  &c.  was  emitted,  that  two  cities  were  destroyed. 

Emitted,  sent  forth.     Mitto,  {missum,)  I  send. 
During,  in  the  period  of.     Durus,  hard.  . 

Eruption,  a  violent  emission  of  anything,  as  lava,  &c.  Rumpo,  (rup~ 
turn,)  I  break. 

Mount,  a  hill.     Mons,  a  mountain. 

Quantity,  amount.     Quantus,  how  great. 

Destroyed,  put  an  end  to.     Struo,  (structum,)  I  build,  I  construct. 

22.  Scholars  ought  to  be  ashamed  of  conduct  which  makes  a  school- 
house  a  nuisance* 

Nuisance,  that  which  incommodes.     Noceo,  I  hurt,  I  harm. 
Conduct,  behavior.     Duco,  (ductuni,)  I  lead. 

23.  Captain-  Kidd  was  a  notorious  pirate,  who  is  said  to  have 
deposited  immense  treasure  on  the  coast  of  Massachusetts. 

Captain,  a  leader.     Caput,  the  head. 
Notorious,  infamous.     Nosco,  (notum,)  I  know. 
Deposited,  placed.     Pono,  (positum,)  I  put,  I  place. 
2* 


20  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

24.  The  Patent    Office  in  Washington  contains  a  miscellaneous 
collection  of  every  kind  of  invention. 

Miscellaneous,  mixed.     Misceo,  (miztum,)  I  mix. 
Contains,  holds.     Teneo,  (tentum,)  I  hold,  I  keep. 
Office,  place  of  business.     Facio,  (factum,)  I  do,  I  make. 
Invention,  contrivance.      Venio,  (ventum,)  I  come. 

25.  The  defeat  at  Long  Island,  with  all  the  concomitant  circum- 
stances, was  the  cause  of  great  mental  distress  to  every  patriot. 

Concomitant,  attending.  Comes,  a  companion. 
Mental,  relating  to  the  mind.  Mens,  the  mind. 
Patriot,  one  who  loves  his  country.     Pater,  a  father. 

26.  The  best  cordial  that  Columbus  could  administer  to  his  dis- 
couraged men,  was  the  cry  of  "Land  !  land  !  " 

Cordial,  anything  that  gladdens  the  heart.     Cor,  the  heart. 
Administer,  dispense.     Minister,  a  servant  or  attendant. 

27.  The  coronet  worn  by  Becket  at  the  coronation  was  resplendent 
with  jewels. 

Coronation,  the  solemnity  of  crowning  a  king.     Corona,  a  crown. 
Coronet,  a  crown  worn  by  noblemen.     Corona. 
Resplendent,  very  bright.     Splendeo,  to  shine. 

28.  The  Plymouth  Colony  failed  to  incorporate^  in  its  code  of 
law^s,  the  great  principle  of  religious  liberty. 

Incorporate,  to  embody.     Corpus,  a  body. 
Code,  a  collection  of  laws.     Codex,  a  volume,  a  roll. 
Principle,    a   fundamental   truth.     Primus,   first;    capio,    (captum,) 
I  take. 

Religious,  relating  to  religion.     Ligo,  (ligatum,)  I  bind. 
Liberty,  freedom.     Liber,  free. 

29.  The  higher  classes  in  England  devote  a  great  deal  of  time  to 
recreations,  calculated  to  invigorate  the  constitution. 

Recreations,  amusements.     Creo,  (creatum,)  I  create. 
Devote,  set  apart.      Voveo,  \votum,)  I  vow. 
Invigorate,  to  strengthen.     Vig/or,  strength,  energy. 

30.  A  nut-gall  is  an  excrescence  of  the  oak ;  a  small  portion  will 
give  a  black  tint. 

Excrescence,  anything  growing  out  unnaturally,  from   something 
else.      Cresco,  (cretum,)  I  grow. 
Portion,  part.     Pars,  a  part. 
Tint,  a  slight  coloring.     Tingo,  (tinctum,)  I  dip,  I  dye. 


SENTENCES.  21 

31.  When  the  courier  announced  the  surrender  of  Yorktown,  the 
aged  doorkeeper  of  Congress  was  so  excited  that  he  fell  dead. 

Courier,  a  messenger  sent  in  haste.     Curro,  (cursum,)  I  run. 
Announced,  made  known.     Nuncio,  I  announce. 
Congress,  the  body  that  makes  the  laws.     Gradior,  (gressus,)  I  take 
steps,  I  walk. 

32.  An  extemporaneous  sermon  or  discourse  is  generally  more  dis- 
cursive than  one  delivered  from  manuscript. 

Discourse,  an  address.     Curro,  {cursum,)  I  run. 
Extemporaneous,  unpremeditated.     Tempus,  time. 
Sermon,  a  discourse  delivered  by  a  clergyman.     Sermo,  a  speech. 
Discursive,  passing  from  one  subject  to  another.     Curro,  {cursum.) 
Manuscript,  a  written  document. 

33.  A  person  engaged  in  a  sedentary  occupation  should  be  careful  not 
to  incurvate  the  spine,  but  to  maintain  an  erect  posture. 

Incurvate,  to  bend.     Curvus,  crooked,  bent. 
Person,  a  human  being.     Persona,  a  person. 
Sedentary,  requiring  much  sitting.     Sedeo,  {sessum,)  I  sit. 
Occupation,  employment.     Capio,  {captum,)  I  take. 
Maintain,  to   sustain.     Manus,  the  hand;  teneo,  (tentum,)  I  hold,  I 
keep. 

Erect,  upright.     Rectus,  straight. 

Posture,  position.     JPono,  {positum,)  I  put,  I  place. 

34.  Queen  Victoria  has  for  many  years  made  a  summer  excursion 
to  Balmoral  ;*  the  salubrity  of  the  climate,  and  the  reverential  affection 
of  the  tenants,  make  these  visits  very  agreeable  to  the  royal  family. 

Excursion,  expedition.     Curro,  (cursum,)  I  run. 
Tenants,  those  who  occupy  lands.     Teneo,  (tentum,)  I  hold,  I  keep. 
Salubrity,  tendency  to   promote  health,     JSalus,  (salutis,)  health, 
safety. 

Family,  those  who  live  in  the  same  house.     Familia,  a  family. 
Reverential,  expressing  reverence.      Vereor,  I  fear. 
Affection,  love.     Facio,  (factum,)  I  do,  I  make. 

*  Proaouncecl  BaVm.or'al. 


MISCELLANEOUS  EXERCISES 

UNDER  LATIN  ROOTS. 


SECTION  m. 

That  part  of  the  word,  which  is  either  the  prefix  or  the  suffix,  is  printed   n  different 
type.    The  number  refers  to  the  root. 

Absolve,  to  release  from   obligation. 

491. 
Accent,  a  stress  of  voice  on  a  syllable. 

46. 
Allege,  to  adduce.  252. 
Ample,  sufficient.  10. 
Annihilate,  to  reduce  to  nothing.  331. 
Annuitant,  one   who  receives  a  sti- 
pend. 14. 
Anxious,  solicitous.  11. 
Article,  a  single  thing.  28. 
Articulate,  distinct.  28. 
Auditor,  a  hearer.  30. 
Augur,  a  soothsayer.  32. 
Carnal,  not  spiritual.  50. 
Circumnavigate,    to       sail      around. 

326. 
Circumspect,  watchful.  497. 
Circus,  a  circular  enclosure  for  feats 

of  horsemanship.  71. 
Collective,  gathered  into   one  mass. 

253. 
Commensurate,  agreeing  in  measure. 

{Mensura,  a  measure.) 
Compartment,    one    of  the   portions 

into  which  anything  is  divided.  365. 
Comport,  to  behave.  402. 
Compositor,  one  who  sets  type.  399. 
Compulsion,  the   act  of  urging  by 

force.  373. 
Condescension,     voluntary     descent 

from  dignity.  465. 
Confound,  to  perplex.  200. 
Consistent,  compatible.  485. 
Covenant,  contract.  559. 
Creditable,  reputable.  92. 
Deduction,  inference.  133. 
Defamation,  slander.  154. 
Define,  to  expound.  176. 
Degenerate,  to  grow  worse.  204. 
Demise,  decease.  305. 
Demonstrative,  apt  to  express  much. 

311. 
Depopulate,  to  deprive  of  population. 

400. 


Depository,  the  place  where  anything 
is  deposited.  399. 

Deportment,  behavior.  402. 

Depose,  to  put  down.  399. 

Difference,  dissimilarity.   167. 

Digest,  to  think  over.  203. 

Dimension,    measure.     (3fen8ura,    a 
measure.) 

Discompose,  to  disarrange.  399. 

Dislocate,  to  put  out  of  joint.  268. 

Effective,  effectual.  152. 

Efflux,  the  act  of  flowing  out.  185. 

Effrontery,  impudence.  195. 

Ejaculate,    to   utter  by  sudden   im- 
pulse. 239. 

Emerge,  to  rise  out  of  a  fluid.  292. 

Enumerate,  to  reckon.  340. 

Excommunicate,  to  expel  from  com- 
munion. 320. 

Exposition,  explanation.  399. 

Expostulation,  remonstrance.  405. 

Fixture,  a  permanent  appendage.  172. 

Fractious,  irritable.  191. 

Genteel,  well-bred.  204. 

Gesticulate,  to  make  gestures.  203. 

Gluttonize,  to  gormandize.  206. 

Heritage,  an  inheritance.  217. 

Ignoble,  base.   334. 

Illiberal,  not  generous.  257. 

Imagine,  to  fancy.    228. 

Imminent,  impending.   298. 

Impenitent,  not  contrite.  376. 

Imply,  to  denote.  392. 

Importune,  to  request  with  urgency. 
402. 

Imposture,  fraud.  399. 

Imprecate,  to  invoke,  as  evil.  407. 

Impugn,  to  call  in  question.  418. 

Incalculable,  not  to  be  reckoned.  43. 

Incarceration,  imprisonment.  49. 

Incense,  enrage.  44. 

Indolence,  indisposition  to  labor.  126, 

Inexplicable,  not  explainable.  392. 

Infelicity,  unhappiness.  163. 

Infirmity,  weakness.  177. 

(22) 


EXERCISES    UNDER   LATIN    ROOTS. 


Injunction,  prohibition.  242. 
-Inoffensive,  harmless.  165. 
Inscribe,  to  write  upon.  467. 
Interlude,  something  played  between 

the  parts.  273. 
Intermediate,  coming  between.  287. 
Intercept,  to  hinder.  47. 
Introduction,  the  act  of  making  per- 
sons known  to  each  other.  133. 
Invert,  to  turn  upside-down.  565. 
Ire,  anger.  236. 
Jurist,  one  versed  in  law.  244. 
Juror,  one  who  serves  on  a  jury.  243. 
Justify,   to   clear  from    a  charge  of 

guilt.  244. 
Legacy,  a  bequest.  252. 
Legalize,  to  make  lawful.  256. 
Librarian,  one   having   charge    of  a 

library.  258. 
License,    permission.     {Licet,   to    be 

lawful.) 
Lieutenant,  an  officer  who    supplies 

the  place  of  another.  521. 
Literally,  according  to  the  letter.  267. 
Locomotive,  a  steam-engine.  268. 
Loquacious,  talkative.  270. 
Lucre,  gain.  271. 
Majestic,  grand.  278. 
Malefactor,  a  criminal.  279. 
Marine,  relating  to  the  sea.  283. 
Measure,    dimension.      (Mensura,     a 

measure.) 
Memorandum,    a  note    to   help    the 

memory.  290. 
Memoir,  a  biography.  290. 
Merge,  to  sink.  292. 
Ministry,  instrumentality.  299. 
Miniature,    a  painting   on    a   small 

scale.  300. 
Miracle,  a  supernatural  event.  301. 
Miser,   an    extremely  covetous    and 

saving  person.  303. 
Monument,  a  memorial.  309. 
Negotiate,  to  transact  business.  355. 
Noxious,  hurtful.  332. 
Obstruct,  to  hinder.  507. 
Obtrude,  to  thrust  in  upon.  542. 
Obtrusive,  inclined  to  intrude.  542. 
Office,  the  place  where  a  particular 

business  is  transacted.  152. 
Omnibus,  a  carriage  for  many  people. 

345. 
Opinionated,   obstinate    in   opinion. 

347. 
Opposite,  adverse.  399. 
Oral,  uttered  by  the  mouth.  354. 


Participate,  to  share.  365. 
Particular,  special.  365. 
Passion,  emotion.  368. 
Peerless,  without  an  equal.  361. 
Perdition,  destruction.  124. 
Perishable,  liable  to  decay.   142. 
Persevere,  to  persist  in  any  undertak- 
ing. 480. 
Pollution,  contamination.  275. 
Posthumous,     published     after     the 

death  of  the  author.  225. 
Postscript,  something  added  after  a 

letter  is  signed.  467. 
Potential,  possessing  power.  403. 
Prelude,    introductory   performance. 

273. 
Premises,  a  building  and  its  adjuncts. 

305. 
Privation,  deprivation.  413. 
Prodigal,  wasteful.  3. 
Production,  product.  133. 
Promontory,  headland.  310. 
Pronunciation,  utterance.  341. 
Punish,  to  chastise.  421. 
Querulous,  disposed  to  murmur.  427. 
Recommend,    to   bestow   commenda- 
tion. 280. 
Reform,  to  amend.  187. 
Refund,  to  give  back.  200. 
Reject,  to  discard.  239. 
Reluctance,  unwillingness.  272. 
Remainder,  what  is  left.  281. 
Remit,  to  transmit  money.  305. 
Remnant,  something  left.  281. 
Remorseless,    without    compunction. 

313. 
Repel,  to  repulse.  373. 
Repository,  a  place  where  things  are 

preserved.  399. 
Resemble,  to  be  like  to.  482. 
Salvation,  preservation  from  calami- 
ty. 457. 
Secretary,  an  amanuensis.  65. 
Seminary,  a  school.  472. 
Separate,  to  disunite.  364. 
Service,  benefit.  479. 
Simplify,  to  make  plain.  392. 
Spacious,  roomy.  496. 
Submissive,  obedient.  305. 
Subside,  to  abate.   471. 
Surface,  the  exterior  part.  151. 
Unit,  a  single  thing.  550. 
Vent,  a  passage  for  air  or  any  fluid  to 

escape.  560. 
Virtue,  moral  excellence.  576. 
Vivid,  lively.  579. 


24 


MISCGLLANEOUS   EXERCISES 


SECTION  IV. 


Abductio  i,  a  carrying  away.  133. 
Abortive,  ineffectual.  352. 
Admixture,  a  compound.  302. 
Advent,  a  coming.  559. 
Affiliated,   received  into    fellowship. 

173. 
Alliteration,  the  repetition  of  the  same 

letter  at  the  beginning  of  several 

successive  words.  267. 
Amble,  to  pace  as  a  horse.  8. 
Annotations,  remarks  intended  to  il- 
lustrate the  meaning  of  a  passage. 

334. 
Armorial,  relating  to  the  arms  of  a 

family.  25. 
Avulsion,  a  forcible  separation.  557. 
]  revelling   in    intern- 
Bacchanalian,  I      perate     drinking. 
Bacchanal,  (Bacchus,  the  god 

J      of  wine.) 
Belligerent,  waging  war.  35,  203. 
Bivalve,    having   two   shells,    as    the 

oyster.  37.     (  Valvse,  folding-doors.) 
Canto,  division  of  a  poem.  46. 
Cohesion,  the  act  of  sticking  together. 

216. 
Collation,  the  comparison  of  one  copy 

with  another.  167. 
Collusion,  dishonest  compact.  273. 
Commute,  to  exchange.  323. 
Component,  constituting.  399. 
Concave,  hollow  and  rounded.  56. 
Congestion,  accumulation.  203. 
Constipate,  to  stop,  as  a  passage,  by 

filling  it.  (Stipo,  stratum,  to  fill  up.) 
Constipation,  condensation. 
Convex,  having  a  spherical  form.  556. 
Creditor,  one  to  whom  a  debt  is  owed. 

92. 
Dementation,  madness.  291. 
Depletion,  the  act  of  emptying.  391. 
Determinate,  positive.  525. 
Dilution,  the  state  of  being  weakened 

as  with  water.   275. 
Diluvian,  relating  to  the  deluge.  121. 
Disquisition,  treatise.  428.     ♦ 
Dissociate,  to  disunite.  486. 
Distention,  the  act  of  distending.  520. 
Dorsal,  pertaining  to  the  back.   131. 
Duodecimal,  computing   by  twelves. 

109. 
Effeminate,  to  grow  weak.  164. 
Effervesce,  to  be  in  a  state  of  ebulli- 
tion. 169. 


Engender,  to  produce.  204. 
Eliminate,  to  cause  to  disappear.  261. 
Elongation,  the  act  of  lengthening. 

269. 
Equable,  not  variable.  144. 
Expectorate,  to  spit.  371. 
Farrier,  a  veterinary  surgeon.     (Fer- 
ritin, iron.) 
Farriery,  the  art  of  curing  horses.  197. 
Febrifuge,  a  fever  medicine.  161. 
Ferment,   to   undergo   fermentation. 

169. 
Flexure,  the  act  of  bending.  181. 
Foliaceous,  consisting  of  leaves.  186. 
Formula,  a  set  form.  187. 
Fructify,  to  make  fruitful.  196. 
Fulminate,  to  send  forth  (as  a  menace). 

(Fulmino,  to  thunder.) 
Grandiloquence,     the    use     of    lofty 

words  and  phrases.  208,  270. 
Illicit,  unlawful.  (Licet,  to  be  lawful.) 
Immeasurable,  not  to  be  measured. 

(Mensura,  a  measure.) 
Ineffable,  unspeakable.  158. 
Infinitesimal,  infinitely  small.  176. 
Infinity,  boundlessness.  176. 
Inflation,  the  state  of  being  puffed 

up.  183. 
Ingenuous,  frank.  204. 
Integral,  complete.  234. 
Intersection,  the  state  of  intersecting. 

469. 
Iteration,  repetition.  237. 
Itinerate,    to   travel   from    place   to 

place.  237. 
Lapidary,  a  worker  in  stones.  248. 
Lateral,  relating  to  the  side.  250. 
Latitudinarian,    one    who    indulges 

freedom  in  thinking.  249. 
Libel,  to  defame.  >      (Libellus,  a 

Libelous,  defamatory.  )small  writing.) 
Libertine,  a  debauchee.  257. 
Licentious,  unrestrained.     (Licet,  to 

be  lawful.) 
Licentiate,    one  who   has  a   license. 
Ligament,  a  ligature.  260. 
Literati,  the  learned.  267. 
Litigant,  one  who  contends  in  a  suit 

at  law.  266. 
Malignant,  virulent.  279. 
Maternal,  relating  to  a  mother.  284. 
Matrimony,  marriage.  284. 
Matrimonial)   relating  to  marriage. 

284. 


UNDER    LATIN   ROOTS. 


25 


Medicated,  impregnate  1  with  any- 
thing medicinal.  286. 

Mediocrity,  a  moderate  degree.  287. 

Mensuration,  the  art  of  measuring. 
(3Iensura,  a  measure.) 

Minion,  a  favorite.  300. 

Mobility,  susceptibility  of  being 
moved.  316. 

Modulate,  to  vary  in  a  musical  man- 
ner. 306. 

Momentum,  impetus.  316. 

Multifarious,  of  various  kinds.  158, 
317. 

Muniment,  defence.  319. 

Mural,  pertaining  to  a  wall.  321. 

Natal,  native.  324. 

Nomenclature,  a  peculiar  system  of 
technical  names  adopted  in  any 
science.  334. 

Notation,  the  art  of  writing  figures. 
334. 

Objective,  relating  to  an  object.  239. 

Oblong,  longer  than  broad.  1.69. 

Oculist,  one  skilled  in  diseases  of  the 
eye.  342. 

Ossification,  the  process  of  changing 
into  bone.  152.    (Os,  (ossis,)  bone.) 

Ossify,  to  change  into  bone.  152. 
(Os,  (ossis,)  bone.) 

Pectoral,  pertaining  to  the  breast. 
371. 

Percussion,  a  striking.  425. 

Pedigree,  genealogy.  380. 

Peregrinate,  to  travel  from  place  to 
place.  2. 

Plebeian,  relating  to  the  common 
people.  390. 

Posterior,  later.  404. 

Premise,  to  state  beforehand.  305. 

Primogeniture,  state  of  being  the 
first-born.  204,  412. 

Priority,  precedence.  412. 

Probity,  strict  honesty.  414. 

Progeny,  offspring.  204. 

Projectile,  a  body  impelled  by  force, 
as  a  cannon-ball.  239. 

Prostitute,  to  devote  to  a  base  pur- 
pose. 485. 

Protuberance,  a  swelling.  (Tuber,  a 
swelling.) 

Proximate,  nearest.  415. 

Puerility,  childishness.  417. 


Pulsation,  throbbing.  373. 

Punctilious,  exact  in  the  forms  of 
ceremony.  420. 

Purport,  meaning.   402. 

Purveyor,  provider.  571. 

Pusillanimity,  cowardice.  (Pusillus, 
weak.)  13. 

Radical,  fundamental.  434. 

Ramification,  division  into  heads. 
(Ramus,  a  branch.) 

Ramify,   to   be   divided. 

Razee,  to  cut  down  ships.  435. 

Regenerate,  to  implant  holy  affec- 
tions in  the  heart.  204. 

Regeneration,  the  entering  into  a 
new  spiritual  life.  204. 

Rendition,  surrender,  as  of  fugitives. 
124.     (Ren  for  red.) 

Reprehend,  to  reprove.  409. 

Reprisal,  the  act  of  taking  from  an 
enemy  by  way  of  indemnity.  409. 

Reprobate,  one  who  is  morally  lost. 
414. 

Repulsion,  the  act  of  repelling.  373. 

Respective,  own.  497. 

Secularize,  to  convert  from  spiritual 
to  common  use.  470. 

Somnolency,  sleepiness.  492. 

Stellar,  pertaining  to  stars.  502. 

Suasion,  persuasion.  508. 

Subcelestial,  being  beneath  the  heav- 
ens. 62. 

Sublunary,  pertaining  to  this  world. 
•274. 

Suborn,  to  cause  to  commit  perjury. 
353. 

Superficial,  pertaining  to  the  surface. 
151. 

Supplicate,  to  entreat.  392. 

Tantamount,  equivalent.  (Tantus^ 
equivalent.)    310. 

Transit,  the  act  of  passing.  142. 

.Transverse,  crosswise.  565. 

Trinity,  one  in  three.  540,  551. 

Tubercle,  a  natural  small  projection. 
(Tuber,  a  swelling.) 

Ventriloquism,  the  act  of  speaking  in 
such  a  manner,  that  the  voice  ap- 
pears to  come  from  a  distance. 
(  Venter,  (ventris,)  the  belly.)  270. 

Ventriloquist,  one  who  practises  ven- 
triloquism. 


PRONUNCIATION  OP  LATIN  WORDS. 


Note.  —  In  this  work,  that  part  of  the  root  which  is  not  used  in  forming  derivatives, 
is  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  word  by  a  hyphen. 


To  those  not  familiar  with  Latin,  the  following  directions  for  the 
pronunciation  of  Latin  words  may  be  useful. 

1.  Every  word  in  Latin  must  have  as  many  syllables  as  it  has 
vowels  or  diphthongs  ;  as,  viva  voce,  pronounced  vi'va  vo'ce. 

2.  C  is  pronounced  like  k  before  a,  o,  u;  and  like  s  before  e,  i,  y, 
and  the  diphthongs  ce  and  02;  as,  cado,  pronounced  ka'do;  cedo, 
pronounced  se'do. 

3.  Ch  is  pronounced  like  k;  as,  chorus,  pronounced  ko'rus. 

4.  G  is  pronounced  hard  before  a,  o,  u,  and  soft  like^  before  e,  i, 
y,  ce,  03  ;  as,  gusto,  in  which  g  is  pronounced  as  in  Augusta ;  gero, 
pronounced  je'ro. 

5.  A  consonant  between  two  vowels  must  be  joined  to  the  latter; 
as,  bene,  pronounced  be/ne. 

6.  Two  consonants  in  the  middle  of  a  word,  not  proper  to  begin  a 
word,  must  be  divided ;  as,  mille,  pronounced  miVle. 

7.  The  diphthongs  03  and  03  are  sounded  like  e;  as,  cwdo,  pro- 
nounced ce/do. 

8.  Words  of  two  syllables  are  accented  on  the  first ;  as,  ager,  pro- 
nounced a'jer. 

9.  When  a  word  of  more  than  one  syllable  ends  in  a,  the  a  should 
be  sounded  like  ah;  as,  musa,  pronounced  mu'sah. 

10.  Es,  at  the  end  of  a  word,  is  pronounced  like  the  English  word 
ease;  as,  miles,  pronounced  mi'les. 

11.  T,  s,  and  c,  before  ia,  ie,  ii,  to,  iu,  and  eu,  preceded  imme- 
diately by  the  accent,  in  Latin  words  as  in  English,  change  into  sh 
and  zh;  as,  fa/cio,  pronounced  fa/sheo;  sam/cio,  pronounced  san'- 
sheo ;  spa/tium,  pronounced  spd'sheum. 


NOTE  TO  STUDENTS. 


When  English  words  are  derived  from  Latin  verbs,  they  are  generally  derived  from 
the  present  Indicative ;  as,  agent,  from  ago,  I  do,  I  perform;  or  from  the  supine  of  the 
verb ;  as,  actor,  from  actum,  to  do,  to  perform. 

When  English  words  are  derived  from  Latin  nouns,  they  are  generally  derived  from  the 
Nominative  case;  as,  iterate,  from  iter,  a  journey;  or  from  the  Genitive  case;  as,  itiner- 
ate., from  itineris,  (of  a  journey,)  the  Genitive  of  iter. 

There  is  generally  a  part  of  the  Latin  word  not  used  in  forming  the  English  derivative. 
In  order  to  show  the  scholar  this  termination,  we  have  separated  it  from  the  rest  of  the 
word  by  a  hyphen;  thus,  the  o  in  ag-o,  us  in  ann-us,  us  in  apt-us,  eo  in  ard-eo,  and  is  in 
brev-is,  are  not  used  in  forming  any  English  word. 

(26) 


PART  II. 


LATIN   ROOTS, 


A  SENTENCE  SHOWING  THE  CORRECT  USE  OF 
EACH  WORD. 


1.  ACER'B-US,  severe.    A'CB  IS,  sharp.      ACU'T-US,  sharp.     A'CID- 
US,  sour. 

4.  Acidity,  sourness. 


5.  Acumen,  intellectual  penetra- 
tion. 


1.  Acrimony,  ill-nature. 

1.  Acerbity,  harshness. 

2.  Acrid,  biting. 

3.  Acidulate,  to  flavor  with  acid. 

1.  There  was  neither  acrimony  nor  acerbity  in  the  reprimand 
which  Washington  gave  to  Lee,  after  the  battle  of  Monmouth,  in  1778. 

2.  The  acrid  nature  (324)f  of  pepper  renders  it  very  disagreeable  in 
large  quantities. 

8.  In  tropical  climates,  the  lower  classes  use  vinegar  to  acidulate 
both  food  and  drink. 

4.  The  acidity  of  the  juice  of  the  lemon  is  very  refreshing  in  warm 
weather. 

5.  John  Adams,  by  his  legal  acumen,  saved  the  life  of  Captain 
Preston,  charged  with  homicide  (220)  in  the  Boston  Massacre. 

2.  A'GEE,    (A'GRI,*)afield. 
1.  Agriculture,  the  cultivation  of  the  ground. 

*  Nouns  and  adjectives  in  Latin  have  six  cases :  the  Nominative,  Genitive,  Dative, 
Accusative,  Vocative,  and  Ablative.  Words  in  which  the  root  is  either  a  noun  or  an 
adjective  are  generally  derived  from  the  Nominative  Case;  as,  Ager,  a  field;  or  from  the 
Genitive;  as,  Agri,  of  a  field.  In  giving  the  root,  the  Nominative  only  is  defined,  and 
the  Genitive  is  placed  in  a  parenthesis. 

A  few  derivatives,  (such  as  "peregrinate,"  &c.,)  which  are  but  little  used,  will  be  found 
defined  in  Part  I,  page  24. 

f  Refers  to  Root  324,  under  which  the  word  nature  will  be  found. 

3  (27) 


28  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  Agriculture  was  the  principal  (47)  occupation  (47)  of  the  ante- 
diluvians ( 121).  Is  it  incorrect  (438)  to  attribute  (541)  their  longevity  (147) 
to  this  cause  ? 

3.  A'G-O,  I  do,  I  perform.    ACT'-UM,  to  do,  to  perform. 


1.  Actuates,  incites  to  action. 

2.  Actuary,  clerk, 
o.  Actual,  real. 

4.  Cogent,  forcible. 


5.  Enacted,  decreed. 

5.  Transact,  to  do. 

6.  Exact,  to  take  by  authority. 

7.  Exigency,  pressing  necessity. 

1.  The  motive  (316)  which  actuates  a  person  ought  always  to  be 
taken  into  consideration  in  judging  of  his  conduct  (133). 

2.  It  is  customary  for  the  actuary  of  a  Literary  (267)  Institute,  to 
advertise  (565)  for  the  payment  of  the  annual  dues. 

3.  If  the  British  had  been  able  (215)  to  ascertain  the  actual  con- 
dition (124)  of  the  soldiery  (488)  at-  Valley  Forge,  in  1777-78,  they 
would  have  been  convinced  (573),  that  they  could  never  subjugate  (242) 
such  &  people  (400). 

4.  The  most  cogent  argument  (24)  was  not  sufficient  (152)  to  in- 
duce (133)  Jackson  to  sign  the  bill,  rechartering  the  Bank  of  the  United 
States  in  1832. 

5.  In  1765,  Parliament  enacted  a  law,  that  no  legal  (256)  document 
(125j  should  be  valid  (555)  without  a  stamp.  As  no  merchant  (293) 
could  see  the  propriety  (416)  of  the  Stamp  Act,  the  whole  mercantile 
community  (320)  determined  to  transact  no  business  requiring 
stamped  paper. 

6.  One  of  the  causes  of  the  Revolution  (584),  was  the  attempt  (522)  of 
Great  Britain  to  exact  from  the  colonies  (82)  revenue  (559),  to  be  ap- 
plied to  her  own  benefit  (38). 

7.  In  the  latter  part  of  1776,  success  (57)  seemed  to  follow  the 
British  arms  (25) ;  New  York  had  been  taken,  and  Washington,  closely 
pursued  (476)  through  New  Jersey,  had  crossed  the  Delaware  to 
Pennsylvania.  In  this  exigency 9  Washington  did  not  succumb  (99), 
but,  to  the  surprise  (409)  of  the  British,  recrossed  the  Delaware,  and 
defeated  the  Hessians  at  Trenton. 

4.  A'LI-US,   or  ALIE'N-US,  another,  foreign. 


4.  Inalienable,    incapable    of 
being  transferred. 


1.  Aliens,  foreigners. 

2.  Alienated,  estranged. 

3.  Alienation,  estrangement. 

1.  In  reference  (167)  to  aliens,  the  Constitution  (485)  provides,  that 
no  person  (379)  except  (47)  a  natural  (324)  born  citizen  (72)  is  eligible  (253yv 
to  the  Presidency  (471). 

2.  In  1779,  Arnold's  trial  by  court-martial  irritated  his  irascible  (236 
disposition,  and  alienated  his  affection  (152)  from  his  country. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  29 

3.  Arnold's  alienation  lasted  till  his  decease  (57),  and  he  never 
wished  even  to  advert  (5.5)  to  his  country. 

4.  Life,  liberty,  (257)  and  the  pursuit  (476)  of  happiness,  are  the 
inalienable  rights  of  every  one  in  the  United  States. 

5.  A'L-O,  I  feed,  I  nourish.   AL'IT-UM,  or  AL'T-UM,  to  feed,  to  nourish. 

1.  Aliment,  nutriment.  I  3.  Coalesce,  unite- 

2.  Coalition,  union. 

1.  The  commissary  (305)  who  provided  (571)  proper  aliment  for 
the  sick  soldiers,  and  such  palliation  (800)  of  their  sufferings  as  the 
case  would  admit  (305),  is  worthy  of  an  annuity  for  life. 

2.  In  1648,  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  Plymouth,  and  New  Haven, 
formed  a  coalition  for  mutual  protection  (518)  and  defence. 

o.  Oil  and  water  will  not  coalesce ;  oil,  being  lighter  than  water, 
rises  to  the  top. 


6.  AL'TER,  another.    ALTER'N-US,  by  turns. 

4.  Alternative,    a    choice   be- 
tween two  things. 


1.  Altercation,  angry  dispute. 

2.  Alternately,  by  turns. 

3.  Alternation,  alternate  action. 

1.  The  constant  (485)  altercation  which  took  place  between  Mason 
and  the  people  of  New  Hampshire,  was  only  settled  by  calling  in 
an    arbitrator  (20). 

2.  The  Legislature  (256)  of  Connecticut  is  in  session  (471)  alternately 
at  Hartford  and  New  Haven. 

3.  The  alternation  of  day  and  night  is  caused  by  the  rotation  (448) 
of  the  earth  upon  its  axis. 

4.  In  1776,  it  became  evident,  that  the  only  alternative  was  sub- 
mission (305),  or  a  declaration  (75)  of  independence. 

7.  AL'T-US,  lofty. 

1.  Altitude,  height. 

1.  The  altitude  of  the  highest  mountain  is  found,  by  accurate  (102) 
measurement,  to  be  5J  miles. 

8.  AM'BUL-0,  I  walk.    AMBULA'T-UM,  to  walk. 

1.  Perambulate,  to  walk  through. 

1.  Queen  Elizabeth  loved  to  perambulate  the  rural  (452)  dis 
tricts,and  hear  the  rustic  (452)  people  laud  (251)  "Good  Queen  Bess!" 

9.  A'M-0,  I  love.    AMA'T-UM,  to  love.    AM  IC-US,  a  friend. 
I.  Amicable,  friendly.  I  2.  Enmity,  hostility." 

1.  Amity,  friendship.  |  3.  Inimical,  unfriendly. 


30  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  The  most  amicable  relations  existed  between  Massasoit  and 
the  Plymouth  settlers  in  1620,  and  a  treaty  (538)  of  amity  was  made, 
which  was  not  broken  until  King  Philip  became  hostile  (224)  in  1675. 

2.  Such  was  the  enmity  of  the  Indians  to  the  colony  of  Virginia, 
that  hostilities  (224)  commenced  in  1609. 

3.  When  Hull,  in  1812,  determined  to  relinquish  (263)  the  territory  (527) 
already  acquired  in  Canada,  he  was  considered  inimical  to  the 
American  cause. 

10.  AM'PL-TJS,  large. 


1.  Amply,  abundantly. 

2.  Amplify,  to  enlarge. 

3.  Amplitude,  extent. 


4.  Amplification,  the  act  of  di- 
lating upon  all  the  particu- 
lars of  a  subject. 

1.  The  Croton  aqueduct  (19),  constructed  for  the  purpose  of  supply- 
ing (391)  New  York  with  water,  is  capable  (47)  of  providing  amply 
for  the  wants  of  the  whole  city. 

2.  Nothing  is  more  tedious  in  an  orator  (354),  than  a  tendency  (520) 
to  amplify  too  much. 

3.  The  amplitude  of  the  universe  (551)  may  well  excite  (68)  won- 
der, even  in  the  mind  of  a  scientific  (466)  man. 

4.  In  his  preliminary  (261)  remarks,  Webster's  argumentative  (24) 
style  is  terse  (524)  and  concise  (41),  but  his  amplification  is  in  the 
highest  degree  (207)  eloquent  (270). 

11.  AN'G-0, 1  vex.    ANX'I,  I  am  vexed. 
1.  Anxiety,  solicitude. 

1.  Great  anodety  was  felt  in  1807,  for  the  four  sailors  of  tne 
Chesapeake,  given  up  as  deserters  (477). 

12.  AN'GUL-TJS,  a  corner. 

1.  Angular,  having  corners. 

1.  A  terrible  (528)  desperado  (498),  sentenced  to  solitary  (490)  confine- 
ment  (176),  declared  he  would  have  been  insane  (460),  if  his  cell  had 
been  circular  (71)  instead  of  angular, 

13.  AN'IMA,   the  life,  the  vital  air.    AN'IM-US,  the  mind. 


1.  Animalcule,  a  minute  animal. 
1.  Animation,  liveliness. 

1.  Unanimity,     agreement      in 

opinion. 

2.  Animadverted,  commented  on 

by  way  of  censure. 


2.  Animosity,  violent  hatred. 

3.  Animate,  to  stimulate. 

4.  Magnanimity,    greatness    of 

mind. 

5.  Unanimous,  of  one  mind. 

6.  Equanimity,  evenness  of  mind. 


1.  In  a  meeting  of  the  Philosophical  Association  (486),  the  discussion 
(425)  as  to  the  formation  (187)   of  the  animalcule  was  carried  on 


LATIN  ROOTS.  31 

with  great  animation;  but  there  was  no  unanimity  until  a 
microscope  settled  the  question  (428). 

2.  Hamilton  animadverted  severely  (480)  upon  the  political 
course  of  the  Vice-President  (471),  but  entirely  without  animosity. 

3.  Previous  to  the  battle  of  Trenton,  1776,  Washington  endeavored 
to  animate  the  soldiers  to  renewed  effort  (189),  by  showing  that  the 
cause  was  not  desperate  (498),  and  by  promising  (305)  a  bounty  (38) 
to  all  who  would  remain. 

4.  If  Burr  had  had  a  particle  (365)  of  magnanimity,  he  would 
never  have  sought  to  revenge  (574)  himself,  by  taking  the  life  of  his 
opponent  (399). 

5.  After  the  evacuation  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  success  at  Mon- 
mouth, it  was  decided,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  to  go  to  White 
Plains. 

6.  Washington  bore  with  equanimity  the  misfortune  (188)  of 
losing  New  York  in  1776,  and  flying  like  a  fugitive  (197)  before  Corn- 
wall! s. 


14.  AN'N-US,  a  year. 

1.  Annals,  a  series  of  historical 

events. 

2.  Septennial,  happening  every 

seven  years. 
2.  Biennial,    happening    every 
two  years. 


3.  Superannuated,  impaired  by 

old  age  and  infirmity. 

4.  Perennial,    lasting    through 

the  year. 

5.  Millennium,  a  thousand  yeara 

of  peace. 


1.  When  Watson  wrote  his  "Annals  of  Philadelphia,"  the  anti- 
quated (16)  house  occupied  (47)  by  William  Penn  was  still  standing,  in 
Second  Street,  above  Walnut. 

2.  The  members  of  the  Convocation  (580)  first  decided  that  the  meet- 
ings should  be  septennial,  but  finally  (176)  reversed  (565)  the  deci- 
sion (41),  and  made  them  biennial, 

3.  Had  Gen.  Prescott  been  superannuated,  and  unable  to  resist 
(485)  Col.  Barton,  his  capture  (47)  would  still  have  been  ridiculous  (442) ; 
but  we  are  scarcely  able  to  restrain  (506)  our  risible  (442)  faculties,  at 
the  thought  of  the  supercilious  (513)  General,  accustomed  to  domineer 
(127)  over  the  province  (5*73)  of  Rhode  Island,  carried  from  his  bed 
almost  in  a  state  of  nudity  (338). 

4.  A  plant  (387)  or  shrub,  whose  stem  can  remain  (281)  in  the  ground 
all  the  year,  is  called  perennial. 

5.  On  examining  the  Scriptures  (467),  we  find  that  several  writer 
predict  (117)  a  time  of  peace  (369)  on  earth,  called  the  millennium, 
m  which  the  most  ferocious  (166)  beasts  will  become  harmless. 

15.  AN'NUL-US,  a  ring. 
1.  Annular,  in  the  form  of  a  ring. 
3* 


32  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  An  annular  eclipse  is  not  a  common  (820)  event  (559),  as  a  con- 
currence of  circumstances  is  necessary  to  produce  (133)  the  result  (456). 

16.  ANTI'QU-US,  old,  ancient. 

1.  Antiquary,  one  who  seeks  an-  I  1.  Antique,  ancient. 

cient  things.  Antiquated,  out  of  date.  (14.) 

1.  Nothing  is  more  precious  (411)  to  the  antiquary 9  than  some 
antique  relic  (263)  of  elaborate  (246)  workmanship. 

17.  APE'RI-0, 1  open.    APERT-UM,  to  open. 
1.  Aperture,  an  opening. 

1.  Some  of  the  Roman  soldiers  gained  access  (57)  to  Jerusalem  by 
an  aperture  in  the  wall. 

18.  AP'T-TJS,  fit,  meet. 

1.  Adapt,  to  fit.  |  2.  Aptitude,  disposition. 

1.  The  preceptor  (47)  should  endeavor  to  adapt  his  teaching  to  the 
capacity  (47)  of  each  scholar. 

2.  His  aptitude  for  learning,  and  the  facility  (152)  with  which  he 
executed  every  kind  of  penmanship,  enabled  him  to  make  a  most  ex- 
cellent counterfeit  (152). 


Aqueduct,  a  channel  for  water. 
(10.*) 


19.  A'QUA,  water. 

1.  Aqueous,  watery. 

2.  Aquatic,  living  in  the  water. 

3.  Terraqueous,    consisting    of 

land  and  water. 

1.  The  aqueous  portion  of  the  earth  greatly  preponderates  (398) 
over  the  solid  (488)  or  earthy  part. 

2.  An  aquarium  is  a  convenient  arrangement  for  observing  (479)  the 
habits  of  aquatic  animals. 

3.  This  terraqueous  globe  is  admirably  (301)   adapted  for  the 
habitation  (215)  of  human  (220)  beings. 

20.  AR'BITER,  a  judge  or  umpire. 

1.  Arbitrate,  to  decide  between 

opposing  parties. 

2.  Arbitrary,  not  governed  by 

fixed  rule. 


Arbitrator,  a  judge  appointed 
by  parties  to  decide  between 
them.  (6.) 


1.  During  the  war  of  1812,  between  the  United  States  and  England, 
Russia  offered  to  arbitrate, 

2.  Both  countries  refusing  (200)  to  accept  (47)  the  mediation  (287)  of 
Russia,  England  continued  her  arbitrary  conduct. 

*  Refers  to  sentem  es  under  Root  10,  among  which  aqueduct  will  be  found. 


LATIN   ROOTS.  33 

21.  ARBOR,  a  tree. 
1.  Arbor,  a  bower. 

1.  As  the  leaves  of  the  grape-vine  (575)  are  deciduous  (40),  and  its  stem 
pliant  (392),  it  is  an  appropriate  (416)  covering  for  a  summer  arbor, 

22.  AK'C-EO,  I  hinder  or  restrain. 

1.  Coerce,  compel  by  force.  |  2.  Coercion,  force. 

1.  Washington  had  too  much  discernment  (65),  to  suppose  that  he 
could  coerce  volunteers  (582)  to  remain  in  the  army. 

2.  Washington  had  no  wish  to  exasperate  (29)  the  insurgents,  but  he 
determined  to  resort  (494)  to  coercion 9  rather  than  permit  (305)  an 
infringement  (191)  of  the  law. 

23.  AR'D-EO,  I  burn,  I  desire  earnestly.  AR'S-UM,  to  burn,  to  desire 
earnestly. 

1.  Ardent,  passionate.  I  3.  Arson,  setting  fire  to  a  dwell- 

2.  Ardor,  earnestness.  ing. 

1.  The  ardent  desire  of  Wolfe  to  take  Quebec  was  gratified  (210)  in 
1759. 

2.  The  ardor  of  Wesley  led  him,  whilst  he  was  a  missionary  (305) 
in  Georgia,  to  perform  almost  incredible  (92)  labors. 

3.  So  dreadful  are  the  consequences  of  arson,  that  no  community 
should  allow  a  person  to  commit  (305)  the  offence  (165)  with  impunity 
(421)  ;  in  some  countries  it  is  common  to  incarcerate  (49)  the  criminal 
(96),  in  others  to  decapitate  (48)  him. 

24.  AR'GU-0, 1  argue. 

1.  Argue,  to  reason.  I  Argumentative,  containing  ar- 

Argument,  a  reason  offered.  (3.)  |       gument.  (10) 

1.  Pocahontas,  finding  it  useless  to  argue  with  the  Indians,  deter- 
mined  (525)  to  notify  (334)  the  colonists  of  their  danger. 


25.  AE/M-A,  arms,  weapons. 

1.  Armistice,  a  cessation  of  hos- 

tilities. 

2.  Armament,  a  naval  warlike 

force. 

2.  Armada,  a  naval  warlike  force. 

3.  Armory,  the  place  where  arms 

are  kept. 

4.  Armor,  defensive  clothing. 

1.  In  1847,  Scott  consented  to  an  armistice,  and  our  Government 
considering  this  an  auspicious  (32)  period,  sent  Nicholas  P.  Trist  to 
negotiate  (355)  peace 


5.  Army,  a  number  of  soldiers 

organized  under  officers. 

6.  Armorer,     one    who    makes 

arms. 

7.  Disarm,  to  deprive  of  weapons. 

8.  Arm,  to  take  arms. 
Arms,  weapons.  (3.) 


34  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

2.  Raleigh  sent  out  his  third  expedition  (380)  in  1587,  but  Spain 
having  invaded  England  with  a  powerful  armament,  called  the 
"  Invincible  A.rmada/'  the  colony  failed  for  want  of  supplies. 

3.  On  the  first  appearance  of  defection  (152)  in  Boston,  Gage  placed 
a  strong  guard  around  the  armory. 

4.  The  wearing  of  armor  has  fallen  into  disuse  (552)  since  the  in- 
vention (559)  of  gunpowder. 

5.  The  condition  of  the  army  in  1776, made  it  impossible  (403)  for 
Washington  to  act  on  the  offensive  (165). 

6.  Every  artisan  (27),  whether  an  armorer  or  not,  was  employed 
in  the  manufacture  (152)  of  arms  and  ammunition  (319). 

7.  Nothing  could  be  more  futile,  than  the  attempt  of  George  III.  to 
disarm  the  colonists. 

8.  "I  deprecate  (407)  war,"  said  John  Adams;  "but  it  is  inevitable 
(578),  and  it  is  our  duty  to  arm  as  rapidly  (437)  as  possible. 

26.  A'B-0,  I  plough. 

1.  Inarable,  not  fit  for  tillage.      |  1.  Arable,  fit  for  tillage. 

1.  The  first  donation  (124)  to  Culpepper  and  Arlington,  comprised  (409) 
only  forests  and  inarable  lands;  but  finally  the  colonists  had  to 
yield  some  of  their  best  arable  fields  to  the  rapacious  (437)  monarch. 

27.  ARS,  (AR'T-IS,)  art,  skill. 

1.  Artifice,  stratagem. 

2.  Artless,  without  fraud. 
2.  Artist,  one  skilled  in  art. 
2.  Artificial,  made  by  art. 

1.  In  1775,  General  Gage  resorted  to  every  artifice,  to  conceal  (61) 
his  design  of  seizing  the  stores  at  Concord. 

2.  An  artless  little  girl,  while  walking  in  an  aviary,  delighted  the 
artist,  by  mistaking  an  artificial  bird,  which  he  had  placed  there, 
for  a  real  one. 

3.  The  great  painter,  Rubens,  displayed  such  art  in  the  manage- 
ment of  his  subject  (239),  that  it  excited  the  admiration  (301)  of  every 
spectator. 

4.  An  artful  impostor  endeavored  to  obtain  money  from  his 
auditory  (30),  by  asserting  that  he  could  move  inert  bodies,  by  the  mere 
force  of  his  will. 

28.  ARTIC'UL-TJS,  a  joint  or  limb. 

1.  Articulation,    utterance    of  I  2.  Inarticulate,  indistinct, 
the  elementary  sounds. 
1.  Whitfield's  articulation  was  so  distinct,  that  every  word  was 
easily  understood  by  an  immense  audience  (30). 


3.  Art,  skill. 

4.  Artful,  cunning. 
Artisan,  artificer.  (25.) 
Artificer,  artisan.  (25.) 


LATIN    ROOTS.  35 

2.  Demosthenes,  finding  his  speech  very  inarticulate,  resorted 
to  every  expedient  to  improve  it,  and  labored  with  the  most  exem- 
plary (148)  patience  (368)  and  perseverance  (480),  until  he  could  speak 
distinctly. 

29.  ASTER,  rough. 

1.  Asperity,  harshness.  |   Exasperate,  to  enrage.  (22.) 

1.  In  1781,  the  most  strenuous  efforts  were  made  to  procure  (102)  a 
pardon  for  Isaac  Hayne.  Judge  Balfour,  however,  was  inexorable  (354), 
and,  with  great  asperity  and  bitter  invective  (556),  subjected  (239)  him 
to  the  ignominy  (334)  of  dying  on  a  gibbet. 

30.  AU'DI-0, 1  hear.    AUDI'T-UM,  to  hear. 

1.  Audit,    to   examine    an    ac-      Audience,  an  assembly  of  hear- 

count.  ers.  (28.) 

2.  Audible,  that  can  be  heard.        Auditory,  an  assembly  of  hear- 

ers. (27.) 

1.  When  the  committee  came  to  audit  the  accounts  of  Arnold,  they 
were  astonished  at  the  enormity  (333)  of  the  fraud. 

2.  The  vision  (571)  of  the  celestial  (62)  hosts  (224),  as  they  announced, 
with  audible  voice  (580),  the  incarnation  (50),  must  have  filled  the 
shepherds  with  rapture  (437). 

31.  AUG'-EO,  I  increase.  ATJC'T-UM,  to  increase.  AUXI'II-UM,  a 
helper. 


4.  Author,    a  writer  of  a  book 

or  other  document. 

5.  Auxiliary,  helping. 

6.  Authority,  legal  power. 


1.  Auctioneer,   one  who  holds 

an  auction. 

2.  Augment,  to  increase. 

3.  Authorized,  empowered. 
3.  Auction,   a   sale  by  bidding 

more  and  more. 

1.  In  order  to  make  such  vociferous  (167)  cries,  an  auctioneer 
must  constantly  (485)  expand  (358)  his  lungs. 

2.  The  wise  and  judicious  measures  of  Hamilton  to  augment  the 
funds  in  the  Treasury,  and  to  restore  the  value  of  the  depreciated  (411) 
currency,  placed  the  credit  of  the  United  States  on  a  firm  basis. 

3.  Charles  II.  authorized  Culpepper  and  Arlington  to  sell  the 
lands  in  Virginia  by  auction. 

4.  Milton  derived  very  little  benefit  from  the  publication  (400)  of  the 
works  on  divorce,  of  which  he  was  the  author, 

5.  Taylor's  campaign  in  1846  was  antecedent  (57),  and  auxiliary 
to  the  capture  of  Mexico  by  Scott. 

6.  The  people  of  New  Hampshire  contended  that  Mason  had  no 
authority  to  exact  rent  for  the  land. 


36  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


3.  Inauspicious,  unfavorable. 

4.  Augury,  an  omen. 
Auspicious,  favorable.  (25.) 


32.  AU'GUR,  (AUS'PIC-IS,)  a  soothsayer. 

1.  Auspices,   the   omens   of   an 
undertaking. 

1.  Augur,  to  predict. 

2.  Inaugurate,  to  invest  with  an 

office  by  solemn  rites. 

1.  Columbus  commenced  his  voyage  under  such  favorable  auspices,, 
as  led  Isabella  to  augur  success. 

2.  It  is  customary  to  inaugurate  the  President  on  the  portico  of 
the  Capitol. 

3.  Inauspicious  as  was  the  loss  of  Gilbert's  expedition,  it  did 
not  deter  (528)  Elizabeth  from  making  another  attempt. 

4.  When  Magellan  undertook  the  circumnavigation  (326)  of  the  globe, 
he  accepted  as  a  favorable  augury,th.e  appearance  of  a  beautiful 
dove  flying  over  the  vessel. 

33.  BAR 'BAR-US,  rude,  savage. 

1.  Barbarous,  savage. 

1.  De  Soto,  though  often  attacked  by  the  barbarous  tribes,  pressed 
on  until  he  reached  the  Mississippi. 

34.  BEAT-US,  happy,  blessed. 

1.  Beatitude,  a  blessing  pronounced. 

1.  The  compassion  (868)  of  the  Saviour  for  the  suffering  (167)  inci- 
dent (40)  to  humanity  (220),  is  exhibited  in  each  beatitude, 

35.  BEL'L-UM,  war. 

1.  Rebellion,  insurrection.  [  1.  Rebel,  one  who  revolts. 

1.  When  the  rebellion  in  Canada  commenced,  a  rebel  might  have 
had  a  transient  hope  of  ultimate  (547)  success. 

36.  BI'B-0, 1  drink. 
1.  Imbibed,  drank  in. 

1.  Aaron  Burr  may  not  have  been  an  inebriate  (136),  but  that  he 
imbibed  ardent  spirits  freely  at  the  time  of  the  duel  (134),  there  can 
be  no  doubt. 

37.  BIS,  twice.  BI'N-I,  two  by  two. 

1.  Combine,  to  unite. 

1.  Hamilton  was  said  to  combine  the  finest  colloquial  (270)  powers, 
with  great  profundity  (201)  of  learning. 


LATIN   ROOTS.  37 


38.  BONUS,  good.    BENE,  good,  well. 


1.  Beneficent,  kind,  doing  good. 

2.  Benign,  kind. 

3.  Benignity,  graciousness. 

4.  Benefice,  church-living. 

5.  Benediction,  a  blessing. 


5.  Benefaction,     benefit     con- 
ferred. 

6.  Beneficial,  advantageous. 
Benefit,  advantage.  (3.) 
Bounty,  premium.  (13.) 

1.  In  the  beneficent  character  of  Oglethorpe,  we  discern  (65)  a 
great  similarity  (482)  to  that  of  William  Penn. 

2.  Sir  Harry  Vane,  a  compatriot  (367)  of  Cromwell,  was  noted  for  hi 
benign  and  affable  manner. 

3.  The  benignity  and  goodness  of  Henry  the  Fourth  of  France, 
made  the  populace  (400)  almost  revere  (562)  him. 

4.  In  1592,  many  a  Doctor  (125)  of  divinity  (123)  resigned  (481)  his 
benefice,  and  became  a  refugee  (197),  rather  than  submit  to  the  law 
of  Conformity  (187). 

5.  The  father  of  William  Penn  was  so  angry  at  his  son,  for  what  he 
deemed  his  fanaticism,  that  he  refused  him  his  benediction,  and 
would  have  deprived  him  of  the  King's  benefaction. 

6.  Penn,  in  1701,  granted  a  new  charter,  whose  provisions  were 
very  beneficial  to  the  colony. 

39.  BREV'-IS,  short. 

1.  Brevity,  conciseness.  I  3.  Brief,  short. 

2.  Abbreviate,  to  shorten.  ) 

1.  In  the  address  of  the  first  Continental  Congress,  the  introductory 
(133)  remarks  were  written  with  great  brevity,  and  with  a  simplicity 
and  candor  (44),  which  forced  conviction  (573)  on  the  mind. 

2.  Before  an  article  is  available  (555)  for  popular  (400)  reading,  it  is 
frequently  necessary  for  an  editor  to  abbreviate  it. 

3.  Give  a  brief  account  of  that  troublesome  malcontent  (279),  Clay- 
borne,  who  kept  Maryland  in  such  a  turbulent  state. 


40.  CA'D-0,  I  fall.    CA'S-TJM,  to  fall. 


6.  Coincidence,  concurrence. 

7.  Decay,     gradual    failure    of 

soundness. 
Deciduous,  falling.  (21.) 
Incident,  apt  to  happen.  (34.) 


1.  Cadence,  fall  of  the  voice. 

2.  Occasion,  time  of  particular 

occurrence. 

3.  Casual,  happening  by  chance. 

4.  Casualty,  accident. 

5.  Coincided,  agreed. 

1.  There  was  a  sweet  cadence  in  the  tones  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots, 
and  an  affability  (158)  of  manner,  which  seemed  to  inspire  (499)  her 
attendants  with  the  most  ardent  affection. 

2.  Washington  was  the  object  of  much  detraction  (538)  and  calumny, 
and  on  no  occasion  was  the  digni  y  (120)  of  his  character  more  clearly 


38  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

exhibited, than  in  his  pertinacious  (521)  adherence  to  his  resolution,to 
take  no  notice  of  these  slanders. 

8.  A  casual  remark  betrayed  the  precise  locality  (268)  of  Wayne, 
and  enabled  Grey  to  perform  the  horrible  deed,  which  has  loaded  his 
name  with  infamy  (154). 

4.  By  an  unfortunate  casualty  in  1777,  Arnold  was  unable  to  re- 
tain his  command. 

5.  To  Washington,  familiar  with  Indian  warfare,  the  fallacy  (153) 
of  Braddock's  arguments  was  apparent  (362),  and  in  a  modest  manner 
he  showed  that  the  troops  were  in  danger  of  total  destruction  (507) ; 
but  as  no  officer  coincided,  with  Washington,  Braddock  considered 
his  advice  impertinent  (521). 

6.  The  decease  of  two  ex-Presidents  on  the  anniversary  of  our  Inde- 
pendence, is  a  remarkable  coincidence, 

7.  The  author  of  "American  Forest-Trees"  explains  (388),  in  the 
most  lucid  (276)  manner,  the  mode  of  transplanting  (387)  indigenous 
trees,  so  as  to  prevent  the  decay  of  the  roots. 

41.  CJE'D-0,*  I  cut,  I  kill.    OE'S-UM,  to  cut,  to  kill. 


1.  Decide,  to  determine. 

2.  Excise,  a  duty  on  manufac- 

tured goods. 

2.  Precision,  exactness. 

3.  Excision,  a  cutting  out. 

4.  Decisive,  conclusive. 


4.  Infanticide,  killing  an  infant. 

4.  Parricide,  killing  a  father  or 
mother. 

5.  Incision,  a  cut. 
Concise,  brief.  (10.) 
Decision,  determination.  (14.) 

1.  No  impartial  (365)  historian  would  palliate  (360)  the  crime  of 
Dunmore,  but  would  be  quick  to  decide,th&t  he  was  no  better  than 
an  incendiary  (44). 

2.  To  calculate  (43)  the  excise  with  great  precision 9  the  assessor 
must  visit  each  manufactory  (282). 

3.  The  excision  Act,  by  which  many  a  curate  (102)  was  compelled 
to  practise  dissimulation  (482),  or  to  expatriate  (367)  himself,  was  passed 
by  Elizabeth. 

4.  Our  penal  (376)  code  (81)  is  decisive  on  the  question,  that 
infanticide  and  parricide  are  capital  (48)  crimes. 

5.  Portia  resorted  to  no  supernatural  (324)  means  to  defeat  Shylock, 
but  with  feminine  (164)  ingenuity  (204),  required  him  to  make  an  in- 
cision without  drawing  blood. 

42.  CAL'E-0, 1  am  warm  or  hot. 
1.  Scald,  to  burn  with  a  boiling  fluid. 

1.  When  the  Romans  were  able  to  encircle  (71)  Jerusalem,  and  con- 
tract their  lines  until  they  were  in  close  proximity  (415)  to  the  walls, 

*  Cmdo,  pronounced  ce'do ;  cccsum,  pronounced  ce'sum. 


Candor,  sincerity.  (39.) 
Incendiary,  one  who  sets  houses 
on  fire.  (41.) 


LATIN  ROOTS.  39 

the  wretched  inhabitants  poured  down  boiling  water  to  scald  their 
besiegers. 

43.  CAL'CUL-TJS,  a  little  pebble. 
Calculate,  to  reckon.  (41.) 

44.  CAN'D-EO,  I  glow  with  heat. 

1.  Incentive,  inducement. 

2.  Candidate,  one  proposed  for 

office. 

3.  Candid,  ingenuous. 

1.  The  prospect  of  a  remuneration  (320)  for  labor  was  such  an 
incentive,  that  large  numbers  were  induced  to  emigrate  (295)  to 
Virginia  in  the  seventeenth  century  (64). 

2.  There  is  no  provision  (571)  in  the  Constitution,  that  the  candi- 
date for  Vice-President  shall  not  be  from  the  same  State  as  the 
President. 

3.  Nathan  Hale  was  a  man  of  rectitude  (438),  and  in  the  most  can- 
did manner  acknowledged  his  repugnance  (418)  to  becoming  a  spy; 
but  as  it  was  essential  (511)  to  the  success  of  the  American  cause,  he 
consented  to  enter  the  British  lines,  although  he  had  a  presentiment 
(473),  that  he  would  never  return. 

45.  CA'N-IS,  a  dog. 

Canine,  pertaining  to  dogs. 

1.  The  fidelity  (171)  of  the  canine  race,  leads  man  to  repose  (399) 
the  greatest  confidence  (171)  in  them. 


46.  CAN'T-US,  a  song. 

1.  Canticle,  the  Song  of  Solo- 

mon. 

2.  Incantation,  enchantment. 

3.  Chant,  a  kind  of  sacred  music. 


3.  Descant,  discourse. 

4.  Enchants,  delights  highly. 

5.  Recant,  to  retract. 


1.  The  Canticle  contains  some  of  the  most  beautiful  Oriental  (352) 
imagery  (228)  to  be  found  in  the  language. 

2.  The  jugglers  of  the  East  practise  their  incantation  upon 
snakes,  and  many  species  (497)  of  vermin  (564). 

3.  Snake  charmers  sometimes  lie  prostrate  (503)  before  the  snake, 
as  if  in  adoration  (354) ;  sometimes  they  sing  a  low  chant,  and  at 
others  descant  in  a  tedious  oration  (354),  on  their  power  over  evil 
spirits. 

4.  If  the  effulgence  (198)  of  the  setting  sun  enchants  the  beholder, 
what  must  be  the  rapture,when  the  glorious  radiance  (433)  of  heaven 
bursts  upon  the  sight. 

4 


40 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


6.  The  enemies  of  John  Huss  persecuted  (476)  him  with  such  malty* 
nity  (279),  that  they  refused  him  an  advocate  (580).  Huss  evinced  no 
perturbation  (546),  b\.t  in  the  most  placid  (386)  manner,  announced  his 
irrevocable  (580)  determination  never  to  recant, 

47.  CA'PI-O,  I  take.    CAP'T-UM,  to  take. 


1.  Capacious,  spacious. 

2.  Capacitate,  to  enable. 

3.  Captious,  cavilling. 

4.  Captivate,  to  charm. 

5.  Acceptable,  pleasing. 

6.  Anticipation,  expectation. 

7.  Conceive,  have  an  idea. 

8.  Conception,  idea. 

9.  Incipient,  commencing. 

10.  Unprincipled,  profligate. 

11.  Participate,  to  share. 

11.  Intercept,  to  seize  by  the 

way. 

12.  Perceptible,  capable  of  being 

perceived. 

13.  Principle,  fixed  law. 

14.  Receive,  to  take. 

14.  Receipt,  acknowledgment  for 


15.  Receptacle,  that  which  re- 

ceives or  contains. 

16.  Susceptible,  capable  of  being 

affected. 

16.  Recipe,  a  medical  prescrip- 

tion. 

17.  Recipient,  one  who  takes. 

18.  Precept,  a  rule  given. 
Accept,  to  receive.  (20.) 
Capable,  able.  (10.) 
Capacity,  ability.  (18.) 
Capture,  seizure.  (14.) 
Except,   with   exclusion   of. 

Occupation,       employment. 

(2.) 
Occupied,  inhabited.  (14.) 
Preceptor,  a  tutor.  (18.) 
Principal,  chief.  (2.) 


money  paid. 

1.  A  capacious  edifice  (137)  intended  to  accommodate  (306)  a  large 
conyreyation  (212),  should  be  well  supplied  with  means  of  ingress  and 
egress. 

2.  To  capacitate  the  mind  to  judge  correctly,  care  must  be  taken 
to  keep  it  free  from. prejudice  (241). 

3.  Elizabeth  of  England  was  of  a  captious  and  imperious  (229) 
disposition. 

4.  Elizabeth,  when  petulant  (381)  and  repulsive  (373),  still  expected 
her  imayinary  (228)  charms  to  captivate  every  beholder. 

5.  How  acceptable  to  the  Americans,  must  have  been  the  torrents 
of  rain  which  swelled  the  Catawba. 

6.  The  anticipation  of  a  speedy  cessation  (57)  of  the  war,  induced 
Cornwallis  to  reiterate  (237)  the  statement,  that  it  was  already  ended. 

7.  Charles  I.  could  not  conceive  that  it  was  prejudicial  (2±\)toh.im, 
to  detain  the  Puritans  in  England. 

8.  How  long  did  Newton  ponder  on  the  subject, before  the  concep- 
tion of  the  principle  of  yravitation  (211)  entered  his  mind? 

9.  The  incipient  measures  for  the  manumission  (282)  of  the  slaves 
in  the  West  Indies,  only  changed  the  relation  (167)  to  that  of  master 
and  apprentice. 


LATIN   ROOTS.  41 

10.  It  was  easy  for  Smith  to  predict  the  evils  which  would  ensue, 
when  the  colony  of  Virginia  was  left  under  the  domination  (127)  of  the 
unprincipled  men,  who  infested  (170)  it. 

11.  As  each  soldier  was  to  participate  in  the  plunder,  the  great- 
est effort  was  made  to  intercept  the  supplies  for  General  Hull. 

12.  An  eminent  (298)  astronomer  saw,  that  there  was  a  perceptible 
deviation  (570)  in  the  course  of  one  of  the  planets. 

13.  As  he  could  account  for  it  on  the  principle  of  gravitation 
only,  it  was  conclusive  (77)  to  his  mind,  that  another  planet  was  near. 
He  watched  night  after  night,  and  at  last  discovered  the  planet 
Neptune. 

14.  It  is  a  good  rule, never  to  receive  payment  of  a  debt  without 
giving  a  receipt. 

15.  The  Morgue  is  a  receptacle  for  dead  bodies,  where  they  re- 
main until  their  friends  are  able  to  identify  (226)  them. 

16.  Knowing  that  the  patient  was^  very  susceptible  to  the  influence 
(185)  of  medicine  (286),  the  recipe  was  written  with  great  care. 

17.  Elizabeth,  after  her  accession  (57),  showed  great  discrimination 
(65)  in  making  Lord  Burleigh  the  recipient  of  the  highest  honors. 

18.  Every  moral  precept  contained  in  the  Mosaic  Law, proves  that 
Moses  was  a  wise  legislator. 

48.  CAP'-TJT,  (CAP'IT-IS,)  the  head. 

1.  Recapitulating,       repeating     5.  Precipitate,  hasty. 

again.  6.  Precipice,     an    abrupt    de- 

2.  Capitation,  countingby  heads.  clivity. 

3.  Precipitately,  hastily.  Capital,      punishable     with 

4.  Capitulate,  to  surrender  on  death.  (41.) 

conditions.  Decapitate,  to  behead.  (23.) 

1.  In  a  recent  lecture  (253)  on  the  extensive  (520)  migration  (295)  to 
the  New  World,  John  Bright,  when  recapitulating  the  causes 
of  the  miseries  of  Ireland,  named  as  the  most  prominent,  the  extrava- 
gance (554)  of  the  nobility,  and  the  oppression  and  extortion  (535)  to 
which  the  poor  are  subjected. 

2.  Congress  has  no  power  to  impose  a  capitation  tax,  except  in 
proportion  to  a  census  (63)  taken  every  decade. 

3.  Lincoln,  when  attacked  in  1780  by  the  superior  (513)  force  of 
Clinton,  did  not  precipitately  surrender  Charleston. 

4.  Lincoln  continued  to  defend  (165)  Charleston, until  further  resist- 
ance was  useless,  and  he  was  obliged  to  capitulate. 

5.  The  First  Continental  Congress,  in  1774,  made  no  precipitate 
declaration  of  war,  but  adopt ed  pacific  (369)  measures. 

6.  The  ascent  of  the  Alps  can  be  accomplished  (391)  with  proper  precau- 
tion (54),  but  the  whole  community  must  deplore  (393)  the  many  incau- 


42  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

tious  attempts  of  travellers,  who  have  been  dashed  to  pieces  over  the 
precipice. 

49.  CAR'CES,  a  prison. 

1,  Incarcerate,  to  imprison.  (23.) 

50.  CA'RO,  (CAR'N-IS,)  flesh. 
1.  Carnage,  slaughter 


1.  Carcass,  a  dead  body. 

2.  Incarnate,  embodied  in  flesh. 


Charnel-house,  a  place  for  de- 
positing dead  bodies. 

Incarnation,  the  taking  of  a 
body  of  flesh.  (30.) 

1.  Much  censure  (63)  was  cast  on  Braddock,for  the  fearful  carnage 
in  the  expedition  to  Fort  Du  Quesne.  Long  after  the  defeat,  the  body 
of  a  soldier,  or  carcass  of  a  noble  horse,  remained  to  shock  the 
traveller. 

2.  The  Deity  (114)  became  incarnate 9  not  in  the  similitude  of 
angels,  but  in  the  form  of  a  servant  (479). 

3.  A  walk  through  the  subterranean  (527)  charnel-house  of  Paris 
is  calculated  to  fill  the  beholder  with  horror ;  the  interminable  (525) 
passages  lined  with  the  corrupt  (451)  and  ghastly  remains,  the  walls 
humid  (225)  with  the  exhalations  (21 8)  of  decaying  bodies,  the  imaginary 
movement  (31G)  of  a  pall  (360)  or  limb,  all  aggravate  (211)  the  emotion 
(316)  caused  by  this  doleful  (126)  abode. 

51.  CA'R-TJS,  dear,  kind. 

1.  Caress,  to  fondle. 

1.  The  fierceness  of  the  lion  has  been  so  subdued,  that  his  keeper 
has  not  feared  to  caress  him. 

52.  CASTI'G-0,  I  chastise. 

1.  Castigation,  punishment.  I  2.  Castigate,     to     punish     by 

J  stripes. 

1.  The  Jews  were  forbidden  to  inflict  (182)  a  severer  castigation 
than  thirty-nine  stripes. 

2.  To  castigate  those  in  servitude  (479)  for  trifling  offences,  only 
makes  the  character  more  obdurate  (135). 

53.  CAU'S-A,  a  cause. 

1.  Accusations,  charges.  |  2.  Accused,  charged  with  crime. 

1.  When  fortune  forsook  Wolsey,  many  accusations  were  brought 
against  him,  and  by  the  King's  order  he  was  arrested. 

2.  Wolsey' s  indomitable  (128)  will  sustained  him  under  every  mortifi- 
cation (314),  until  the  King  accused  him  of  contumacy  (544)  and 
duplicity  (134). 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


43 


54.  CATJ'T-IO,  caution* 

1.  Caution,  prudence  in  respect  I  Precaution,  previous  care.  (48.) 
to  danger. 

1.  By  taking  a  circuitous  (71)  route,  and  using  great  caution,  Col. 
Barton  captured  General  Prescott  in  his  dormitory  (180),  and  transported 
(402)  him  to  the  American  lines, before  the  guard  could  interpose  (399). 

55.  CAVIL'L-A,  a  cavil. 

1.  Cavil,  frivolous  objection. 

1.  To  every  cavil  and  jeer,  Columbus  only  replied,  "Give  me  the 
means,  and  I  will  prove  the  truth  of  my  theory. " 

56.  CA'V-US,  hollow. 

1.  Excavate,  to  hollow  out.  I  2.  Excavation,   a   cavity  made 

I  by  digging. 

1.  The  workmen  employed  to  excavate  the  ground,  for  the  founda- 
tion (201)  of  a  building  in  France,  discovered  in  a  stratum  of  clay 
some  arrow-heads,  probably  placed  there  at  a  remote  period. 

2.  Such  was  the  hostility  (224)  of  the  Indians  in  1644,  that  the  Vir- 
ginians were  obliged  to  make  a  large  excavation  in  the  declivity  (80) 
of  an  adjacent  (238)  hill,  to  which  they  could  resort  for  concealment  (61). 

57.  CE'D-0, 1  yield,  I  go  away.    CES'S-UII,  to  yield,  to  go  away. 


10. 
11. 


Success,  favorable  result. 
Accede,  to  agree. 
Accessory,  rendering  aid. 
Ancestor,     a    person    from 

whom    one    is   distantly  a 

descendant. 
Concede,  to  admit. 
Excess,  more  than  enough. 
Excessive,  exceeding. 
Incessant,  without  pause. 
Precedence,  superiority. 
Succession,  series. 
Intercede,  to  request  in  be- 
half of  another. 
Intercession,  the  act  of  in- 
terceding. 
Predecessor,  one  who  was  in 
a  place  before  another. 


12.  Precedent,  an  example. 

13.  Procedure,  manner  of  pro- 

ceeding. 

14.  Secession,  withdrawing. 

15.  Recede,  to  go  back. 

16.  Ceaseless,  unending. 

17.  Successive,  following  in  or- 

der. 
Access,  entrance.  (17.) 
Accession,    coming    to    the 

throne.  (47.) 
Antecedent,    going   before. 

(31.) 
Cessation,     discontinuance. 

(47.) 
Decease,  death.  (4.) 


1.  When  England  adhered  with  such  pertinacity  (521)  to  the  "Right 
of  Search,"  and  refused  to  adjust  (244)  the  difficulty  by  compromise  (305), 
Russia  offered  to  mediate  (287),  but  without  success* 
4* 


44  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

2.  As  the  United  States  found  it  impossible  Jlo  accede  to  the  pro* 
posals  of  Great  Britain,  it  was  determined  to  prosecute  (476)  the  war 
with  renewed  vigor  (572). 

3.  That  Burr  was  guilty  of  treason  may  be  dubious  (132) ;  but, 
unless  the  witnesses  committed  perjury  (243),  it  is  positive  that  he  was 
accessory  to  some  project,  of  erecting  an  empire  (229)  west  of  the 
Mississippi. 

4.  The  lineal  (264)  descendants  of  Henry  VII.  are  found  in  the 
House  of  Tudor  and  House  of  Stuart ;  but  no  sovereign  of  the  lineage 
(261)  of  Stuart,exhibits  any  of  the  qualities  of  his  great  ancestor, 

5.  The  Secretary  of  State  positively  refuses  to  concede  to  a  neutral 
(330)  power,  the  right  to  supply  the  enemy  with  the  munitions  of 
war. 

6.  As  the  United  States  has  a  large  excess  of  cereal  productions, 
the  merchant  is  able  to  export  (402)  grain,  and  import  (402)  linen  (265), 
linseed  (265),  and  other  articles  of  merchandise  (293). 

7.  The  excessive  use  of  ardent  spirits  induced  Congress,  in  1790, 
to  lay  a  tax  on  every  distillery  (604),  not  so  much  to  promote  (316) 
sobriety  (136),  as  to  increase  (95)  the  revenue* 

8.  After  the  conquest  (428)  of  England,  William  hoped  to  pass  his 
days  in  peace,  but  the  incessant  quarrelling  of  his  sons  for  prece- 
dence-, and  a  succession  of  adverse  events,  rendered  the  latter  part 
of  his  life  miserable  (303). 

9.  Some  of  the  most  celebrated  (58)  of  the  nobles  were  induced,  by 
the  youth  and  innocence  (332)  of  Lady  Jane  Grey,  to  intercede  with 
the  Queen,  that  she  would  exercise  her  clemency  (78). 

10.  Notwithstanding  the  intercession  of  the  nobles,  Queen  Mary 
carried  out  her  sanguinary  (459)  purpose,  and  Lady  Jane  Grey  met 
her  fate  with  womanly  fortitude  (189),  declaring  that  she  suffered  on 
account  of  her  filial  (173)  obedience,  and  not  in  consequence  of 
ambition  (142). 

11.  Martin  Van  Buren  considered  the  suspension  (374)  of  specie  pay- 
ments, to  be  the  natural  consequence  (476),  of  a  series  (477)  of  injurious 
(244)  measures,  carried  on  during  the  administration  (299)  of  his  pre- 
decessor, 

12.  The  election  (253)  of  a  person  to  the  Presidency  for  the  third 
time,  is  not  illegal  (256) ;  but  as  Washington  established  the  prece- 
dent of  serving  but  twice,  it  has  been  thought  best  to  follow  his 
example  (148). 

13.  Each  House  prescribes  (467)  the  mode  of  procedure ,  for  the 
expulsion  (373)  of  a  member  for  a  transgression  (207)  of  its  rules. 

14.  The  secession  from  the  Church  of  England,  of  a  few  persons, 
regarded  as  vulgar  (587)  and  fanatic  (157),  has  produced  a  denomina- 
tion (334)  of  great  power  and  numerical  (340)  strength. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  45 

15.  Canute,  in  order  rto  reprove  his  obsequious  (476)  followers,  issued 
his  mandate  (280)  to  the  wide  expanse  (358)  of  ocean,  and  then  waited 
for  the  waves  to  recede* 

16.  As  the  undulating  (549)  waters,  disregarding  his  command  (280), 
continued  to  advance,  he  reminded  his  followers,  that  he  was  but  an 
earthly  potentate  (403),  and  that  none  but  the  omnipotent  (345)  God,  the 
Lord  of  the  sea,  could  stop  its  ceaseless  flow. 

17.  In  1776,  the  American  soldiers  were  reduced  almost  to  despair, 
by  each  successive  reverse. 


53.  CEL'EBR-IS,  renowned,  famous. 

3.  Celebrity,  fame. 

Celebrated,  famous,  (57.) 


1.  Celebrate,  to  honor  by  cere- 
monies of  joy  and  respect. 

2.  Celebration,  commemoration 

with  appropriate  ceremonies. 

1.  It  was  determined  to  celebrate  Washington's  centennial  (64) 
birthday  with  unexampled  (148)  pomp  and  splendor,  in  order  to  ex- 
hibit the  estimation  (146)  in  which  he  was  held,  and  the  prosperity  (498) 
of  the  country. 

2.  A  discreet  (65)  celebration  of  the  4th  of  July  is  salutary  (457)  ; 
but  the  deplorable  (393)  consequences,  attendant  on  the  recent  conflagra- 
tion (179),  ought  to  admonish  (309)  us,  to  select  some  more  rational  (439) 
mode  of  showing  our  approbation  (414). 

3.  Yv^illiam  Pitt,  Prime  Minister  (299),  showed  great  discretion  (65)  in 
civil  (72)  affairs,  but  his  celebrity  is  mainly  attributable  to  his  man- 
agement of  the  war,  by  which  Quebec  —  which,  from  its  superior  fortifi- 
cation (189)  and  position,  was  considered  impregnable  (409)  —was  cap- 
tured in  1759,  and  in  1760  Montreal,  and  the  whole  of  Canada  was 
surrendered  to  England. 

59.  CE'LEU,  swift. 

1.  Accelerate,  to  hasten.  |  2.  Celerity,  swiftness. 

1.  On  the  return  from  Concord,  the  British  commander  tried  to  accel- 
erate the  march,  hoping  to  reach  Boston  before  excitement  (68)  should 
lead  the  mob  to  impede  their  progress  (207). 

2.  It  is  dangerous  to  jump  from  a  car  which  is  moving  with  great 
celerity. 

60.  CEL'L-A,  a  cellar. 

I.  Cellar,  an  underground  store. 

1.  Guy  Fawkes  hired  a  cellar,  with  the  ostensible  (520)  object  of 
storing  coals;  but  his  real  intention  (520)  was  to  deposit  under  the 
Parliament  House,  si  large  quantity  of  explosive  (389)  material,  sufficient 
to  demolish  (307)  th  3  whole  superstructure  (507). 


46 


THE   MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


61.  CE'L-O,  I  cover,  I  hide. 
Conceal,  to  hide.  (27.) 

62.  CCE'L-UM,  heaven. 
Celestial,  heavenly.  (30.) 


Concealment,  the  act  of  hiding 
(56.) 


Census,  an  official  enumeration 
of  the  inhabitants  of  a  coun- 
try.  (48.) 

Censure,  blame.  (50.) 


63.  CEN'S-EO,  I  judge,  I  blame. 

1.  Censor,  one  who  examines  the 
works  of  authors  before  they 
are  allowed  to  be  published. 

1.  Censurable,  blameworthy. 

2.  Censorious,  judging  severely. 

1.  In  several  European  countries  there  is  a  Government  censor, 
who  has  power  to  condemn  (107)  a  book.  Before  you  are  allowed 
to  edit  a  paper,  permission  (305)  of  this  officer  must  be  obtained, 
and  if  anything  censurable  should  occur,  you  must  suffer  the 
penalty  (376). 

2.  The  censorious  character  of  Lee  caused  him  to  be  generally 
despised  and  shunned. 


64.  CEN'T-UM,  a  hundred. 

1.  Centenarian,  a  person  who  is 

a  hundred  years  old. 

2.  Centurion,  an  officer  over  a 

hundred  men. 


Centennial,  occurring  once  in  a 

hundred  years.  (58.) 
Century,     a     hundred     years. 

(44.) 


1.  Rev.  Daniel  Waldo,  when  almost  a  centenarian ,  participated  in 
the  obsequies  (476)  of  Lincoln,  having  formerly  been  intimate  (235)  with 
Washington. 

2.  The  centurion9  though  not  a  disciple  (122),  showed  by  his 
earnest  ejaculation  (239)  the  strongest  faith. 

65.  CER'N-0,  I  separate,  I  distinguish,  I  discern.  CRE'T-TJM,  to  sepa- 
rate,  to  distinguish,  to  discern. 


1.  Concern,  anxiety. 

2.  Decree,  edict. 

3.  Decree,  to  ordain. 

3.  Discriminating,  acute, 

4.  Secrete,  to  hide. 


Discern,  see.  (38.) 
Discernment,  judgment.  (22.) 
Discreet,  prudent.  (58.) 
Discretion,  prudence.  (58.) 
Discrimination,  judgment.  (47.) 

1.  Washington's  great  concern,  when  the  war  was  likely  to  termi* 
nate  (525),  was  to  secure  the  liberation  of  the  prisoners. 

2.  In  1598,  Henry  4th  of  France  issued  a  decree,  allowing  many 
privileges  (256)  to  Protestants  (529). 


LATIN   ROOTS.  4? 

3.  The  discriminating  mind  of  William  Penn,  led  him  to  the 

conclusion,  that  to  decree  justice  to  every  one,  however  inferior  (232) 
he  may  be,  is  the  only  safe  course  for  a  legislator. 

4.  After  the  battle  of  Worcester,  in  1651,  Prince  Charles  was 
obliged  to  secrete  himself  in  an  oak  at  Boscobel. 

66.  CER'T-O,  I  contend,  I  vie. 

1.  Concert,  to  contrive  together.  I  2.  Preconcerted,   contrived    to- 
1.  Disconcert,  disturb.  gether  beforehand. 

1.  Washington,  in  1781,  held  a  council  (84)  of  his  officers,  to  concert 
a  plan  to  invest  (568)  Yorktown.  Each  officer  was  provided  with  a 
succinct  statement  of  the  details  of  the  attack,  and  the  most  intense 
(520)  anxiety  was  felt,  lest  some  premature  (285)  movement  should  dis- 
concert the  plan. 

2.  According  to  a  preconcerted  plan,  Andre,  the  emissary  (305) 
of  Clinton,  met  Arnold  clandestinely,  to  communicate  (320)  to  him  the 
amount  of  recompense  (374)  offered  by  the  British  Government,  as  the 
reward  of  his  perfidy  (171);  namely,  promotion  (316)  to  the  rank  of 
Brigadier-General,  and  £30,000. 

67.  CER'T-TJS,  sure,  certain. 

1.  Certificate,  a  written  decla-  I  1.  Certify,  to  assure, 
ration. 

1.  A  certificate  from  a  physician,  to  certify  that  a  death  was 
produced  by  natural  means,  is  necessary  before  the  body  can  be 
deposited  in  the  sepulchre  (474). 


68.  CI'T-0, 1  rouse,  I  call  forth. 

1.  Cite,  to  summon  into  a  court. 

2.  Excitable,  easily  stirred  up. 

3.  Recital,  rehearsal. 

4.  Recitation,  rehearsal. 
4.  Incite,  to  animate. 


5.  Resuscitate,  to  enliven. 

6.  Incitement,  impulse. 
Excite,  stir  up.  (10.) 
Excitement,  agitation.  (59.) 


1.  When  Parliament  determined  to  cite  Charles  to  appear  before 
them,  he  was  at  first  indignant  (120)  at  the  dishonor  (221)  cast  upon 
him ;  but,  recovering  his  composure  (399),  he  prepared  for  his  jour- 
ney. 

2.  When  Charles  appeared  before  the  Parliament,  everything  was 
portentous  (520)  of  evil ;  the  hope  of  ultimately  obtaining  his  release 
was  given  up  by  his  most  sanguine  (459)  friends,  when  they  saw  the 
excitable  mob,  clamorous  (74)  for  his  blood. 

3.  In  the  inclement  (78)  season  of  the  year,  t\e  ancient  Scots  found 
an  inexhaustible  (219)  fund  of  amusement,  in  the  recital  of  the  valiant 
(555)  deeds  of  their  brave  ancestors. 


48 


THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


4.  The  recitation  of  deeds  of  valor  (555),  by  some  itinerant  (237) 
musician  (322),  was  calculated  to  incite  the  hearers  to  the  highest 
pitch  of  enthusiasm. 

5.  To  resuscitate  a  drowned  person,  remedial  (286)  measures 
should  be  applied  promptly  and  without  intermission  (305). 

6.  To  be  able  to  educate  (133)  their  children  according  to  the 
dictates  of  conscience  (466),  was  all  the  incitement  necessary  to 
lead  the  Puritans  to  endure  (135)  the  hardships,  incident  to  immigra- 
tion (295). 


69.  CIN'G-0,  I  gird.    ClffC'T-TJM,  to  gird. 

1.  Precinct,  limit. 

1.  Massasoit,  wrapped  in  a  gaudy  blanket,  and  covered  with  a 
profusion  (200)  of  ornament  (353),  came  within  the  precinct  of  the 
Plymouth  Settlement,  and  offered  to  make  a  treaty  of  peace. 

70.  CI'N-IS,  (CIN'ER-IS,)  ashes. 

1.  Cinders,  burnt  masses. 

1.  We  can  easily  distinguish  anthracite  from  bituminous  coal,  by  the 
cinders  and  ashes. 


71.  CIR'C-US,  a  circle. 

1.  Circulate,     to    move    in    a 

circle. 

2.  Circuit,  extent  round  about. 


Circuitous,  going  round  about, 

(54.) 
Circular,  like  a  circle.  (12.) 
Encircle,  to  surround. 

1.  Fresh  air  and  exercise  cause  the  blood,  to  circulate  more 
rapidly  through  the  body. 

2.  To  facilitate  (152)  the  administration  of  justice,  ike  judiciary  (241) 
provides  a  judge  for  the  district  (506),  if  the  population  (400)  is  dense 
(112) ;  but  in  less  populous  (400)  portions  of  the  country,  one  for  each 
circuit. 

72.  CI'V-IS,  a  citizen. 


Civilize,  to  reclaim  from  a 
savage  state. 

Citizen,  an  inhabitant  of  a 
state  or  city.  (4.) 

Civil,  relating  tc  the  commu- 
nity. (58.) 

1.  When  the  Duke  of  Monmouth  was  a  claimant  (74)  for  the  throne, 
several  cities  in  the  south  of  England  loaded  him  with  civic  honors. 


1.  Civic,  relating  to  civil  honors. 

2.  Civilian,  one  versed  in  politi- 

cal affairs. 

3.  Civilization,  the  state  of  a 

civilized  people. 


LATIN  ROOTS,  49 

2.  The  Secretary  of  State  should  not  only  lea  civilian,  but  should 
be  well  versed  in  military  (296)  affairs. 

3.  The  civilization  of  the    United   States   has  never  tended  to 
civilize  the  Indians,  but  rather  to  extirpate  (505)  them. 

73.  CLANDESTI'N-US,  secret. 

1.  Clandestine,  secret. 

1.  William  Penn  was  charged  with  making  clandestine  visits  t 
James  II.,  who  was  living  in  seclusion  (77)  in  France. 

74.  CLA'M-0,  I  cry  out,  I  shout.    CLAMA'T-TJM,  to  cry  out,  to  shout. 


4.  Disclaim,  to  deny  the  posses- 
sion of  any  character. 

Claimant,  one  that  demands 
a  right.  (72.) 

Clamorous,  loudly  importu- 
nate, noisy.  (68.) 


1.  Acclamation,  a  shout  expres- 

sive of  assent. 

2.  Declamation,  exercise  of  pub- 

lic speaking. 

3.  Reclaim,  to  reform. 

4.  Proclamation,  publication  by 

authority. 

1.  In  a  convention  (559)  to  nominate  (334)  a  candidate  for  the  Presi- 
dency, the  nomination  is  sometimes  made  by  acclamation,  and 
sometimes  by  balloting. 

2.  Demosthenes  made  such  strenuous  efforts  to  overcome  the  defect 
in  his  vocal  (580)  organs,  that  at  last  he  became  a  model  (306)  in 
declamation, 

3.  Many  of  the  Virginians  had  previously  led  vagrant  (554)  lives, 
and  Smith's  efforts  to  reclaim  them  were  useless. 

4.  The  President,  in  his  proclamation,  was  careful  to  disclaim 
any  designs  upon  Mexico. 

75.  CLA'R-TJS,  clear,  bright. 

1.  Clarion,  a  shrill  trumpet.         I  Declaration,    a    proclamation. 

I       (6.) 
1.  As  the  clarion  sounded  to   announce  (341)  the  return   of  the 
British  from  Concord,  the  militia  (296)  began  to  collect  (253)  at  Lexing- 
ton, determined  to  throw  every  impediment  (380)  in  their  way. 

76.  CLAS'S-IS,  a  class. 


2.  Classify,  to  arrange  in  classes. 

3.  Classification,    arrangemen 

in  classes. 


1.  Classic,  Classical,  relating  to 

authors  of  the  highest  rank, 

such  as  Virgil,  Homer,  and 

Milton. 

1.  Milton  must  have  been  a  diligent  (253)  student  of  classic  writers, 
as  his  juvenile  (245)  pieces  are  replete  (391)  with  allusions  (273)  to  the 
Roman  and  Greek  authors. 


50  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

2.  At  the  organization  of  the  Government,  it  was  necessary  to 
classify  the  Senate. 

3.  The  classification  of  the  Senate  gives  at  all  times  a  large 
majority  (278),  familiar  (156)  with  the  mode  of  transacting  business. 

77.  CLATJ'D-O,  or  CLTJ'D-O,  I  shut,  I  close.  CLAU'S-UM,  or  CLTJ'S-UM, 
to  shut,  to  close. 

1.  Seclude,  to  shut  up  apart.         I  Seclusion,  retirement.  (73.) 

2.  Preclude,  to  prevent.  |  Conclusive,  decisive.  (47.) 

1.  The  Emperor  (229)  Charles  V.  determined  to  abdicate  (116),  and 
seclude  himself  in  a  cloister,  hoping  to  enjoy  that  felicity  (163),  which 
the  possession  of  imperial  (229)  power  was  unable  to  impart. 

2.  In  order  to  preclude  the  possibility  of  a  Stuart  coming  to  the 
throne,  an  act  was  passed  settling  the  crown  on  Sophia.  Henrietta, 
granddaughter  of  Charles  I.,  determined  to  protest  (529)  against  the 
act  of  succession. 

78.  CLE'MENS,  (CLEMEN'T-IS,)  mild,  merciful. 
Inclement,  stormy.  (68.)  |  Clemency,  mercy.  (57.) 

79.  CLI'N-O,  I  bend,  I  lie  down. 
1.  Inclination,  propensity. 

1.  "  If  my  son  shows  any  inclination  to  dissent  from  the  Church 
of  England,"  said  Admiral  Penn,  "  I  will  not  hesitate  (216)  to  disinherit 
(217)  him." 

80.  CLI'V-TJS,  an  ascent,  a  hill. 

1.  Proclivity,  proneness.  I  Declivity,  descent.  (56.) 

2.  Acclivity,  ascent. 

1.  The  proclivity  of  the  Indians  to  the  use  of  ardent  spirits,  tends 
to  deteriorate  (113)  their  character, and  reduce  (133)  them  to  the  lowest 
rank  in  society  (486). 

2.  As  the  British  ascended  (465)  the  acclivity 9  Prescott  ordered 
his  men  to  reserve  their  fire,  until  the  enemy  should  be  in  close 
proximity. 

81.  CODEX,  (COD'IC-IS,)  the  trunk  of  a  tree;  a  will. 

1.  Codicil,  a   supplement  to   a  I  Code,  a  collection  or   digest  of 
will.  laws.  (41.) 

1.  King  Richard's  procrastination  (91)  in  altering  his  will  endan- 
gered the  succession ;  but  on  his  deathbed  he  added  a  codicil9  giving 
the  kingdom  to  his  brother. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  51 

82.  CO'L-0,  I  cultivate.    CTJL'T-TJM,  to  cultivate. 

1.  Cultivate,  to  till.  !  Colonies,  settlements  abroad.  (3.) 

2.  Colonists,  settlers  in  a  colony.  | 

1.  In  the  reign  of  Richard,  a  peasant  employed  to  cultivate  the 
lands  of  one  of  the  barons,  struck  the  coulter  against  some  hard  sub- 
stance, which  proved  to  be  &  ponderous  (398)  chest  filled  with  money. 

2.  Had  not  Pocahontas  given  to  one  of  the  colonists  an  intimation 
(235)  of  the  inhuman  (220)  plot  to  exterminate  (525)  the  white  race  in 
Virginia,  it  would  have  been  entirely  destroyed. 

83.  CO'MES,  (COM'IT-IS,)  a  companion. 

1.  Comity,  kindness  of  manner.    |  2.  Concomitant,  going  with. 

1.  The  comity  shown  by  Louis  XIV.  to  the  destitute  (485)  James, 
would  have  been  no  obstacle  (485)  to  the  continuance  of  peace  between 
England  and  France,  had  not  Louis  induced  James  to  invade  (553) 
Ireland. 

2.  The  defeat  at  Long  Island,  with  all  the  concomitant  circum- 
stances, was  the  cause  of  great  mental  (291)  distress  to  every  patriot. 

84.  CONCIL'I-UM,  an  assembly ;  a  council. 


Council,  an  assembly  held  for 
consultation.  (66.) 


1.  Conciliatory,  fitted  to  allay 

angry  feelings. 

2.  Conciliating,      winning     to 

friendship. 

1.  Many  Tories,  in  1775,  fearing  the  confiscation  (178)  of  their  prop- 
erty  (416),  advocated  conciliatory  measures. 

2.  Wolsey,  for  some  time  after  his  arrest,  cherished  the  fallacious 
(153)  hope  of  conciliating  the  king. 

85.  COTI-A,  plenty. 

1.  Cornucopia,  horn  of  plenty. 

1.  All  the  productions  common  to  the  latitude  (249)  of  Alabama,  are 
found  in  such  abundance  in  that  State,  that  a  cornucopia  was 
placed  on  the  coat  of  arms. 

86.  CO'Q.TJ-0,  I  cook.    COC'T-TJM,  to  cook. 

1.  Concoct,  to  devise.  2.  Decoction,  the  act  of  boiling 

anything  to  extract  its  vir- 
+*  tues. 

1.  In  the  war  of  1812,  Tecumseh  went  south  to  concoct  a  scheme, 
for  an  incursion  (103)  into  the  frontiers  (195)  of  Alabama  and  Georgia, 

2.  Whether  tea  should  be  prepared  by  infusion  or  decoctionf  is 
still  a  disputed  question. 

5 


52  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


3.  Cordial,  anything  that  glad- 

dens  the  heart. 

4.  Cordiality,  sincerity. 


87.  COR,  (COR'D-IS,)  tlie  heart. 

1.  Concordance,    an    index    of 

words  contained  in  the  Bible. 

2.  Cordial,  sincere. 

1.  By  referring  to  a  Concordance 9  it  is  easy  to  find  any  text  (530) 
of  Scripture. 

2.  William  was  received  in  the  most  cordial  manner  by  the  Par- 
liament. 

3.  The  best  cordial,  that  Columbus  could  administer  (299)  to  his 
discouraged  men,  was  the  cry  of  "Land  ahead!  " 

4.  William  of  Orange  was  received  with  great  cordiality  by  the 
people  of  England. 

88.  COR'NU,  a  horn. 

1.  Cornet,  a  sort  of  trumpet. 

1.  When  the  immense  concourse  (103)  were  gathered  together  to 
dedicate  (116)  the  image  (228),  which  Nebuchadnezzar  had  set  up,  a 
herald  was  heard  to  iterate  (237)  the  words,  "  At  the  sound  (493)  of  the 
comet,  &c,  ye  fall  down  and  worship." 


89.  CORO'N-A,  a  crown. 


2.  Coroner,  an  officer  to  inquire 
into  the  cause  of  violent 
deaths. 


1.  Coronet,   an    inferior  crown 

worn  by  the  nobility. 
1.  Coronation,  the  solemnity  of 

crowning  a  king. 

1.  The  coronet  worn  by  Becket  at  the  corotiation  was  resplen- 
dent (500)  with  jewels. 

2.  Becket  took  refuge  (197)  in  the  sanctuary  (458),  supposing  the 
assassins  would  not  dare  to  desecrate  (453)  the  sacred  place;  but  even 
here  he  fell  a  vietim  (573)  to  their  insatiable  (463)  desire  for  vengeance 
(574),  and  the  coroner  rendered  a  verdict  (117)  in  accordance  with 
the  facts. 


90.  C0RT-TJS,  (CORTOR-IS,)  a  body. 


4.  Corporeal,  not  immaterial. 

5.  Corpulent,  bulky. 

6.  Corpuscle,  a  minute  body. 


1.  Corporal,   the  lowest  officer 

over  a  body  of  soldiers. 

2.  Corporate,  united  into  one. 

3.  Corporation,  a  body  politic. 

1.  "A  corporal's  guard"  is  an  expression  used  to  denote  a  small 
body  of  soldiers;  about  the  number  which  would  accompany  a  cor- 
poral. 

2.  When  an  association  desire  to  become  a  corporate  body,  they 
apply  to  the  Legislature  for  a  charter. 


LATIN    ROCTS.  53 

3.  In  1629,  the  king  granted  a  charter  to  the  Plymouth  Colony,  and 
the  corporation  received  the  name  of  the  "Governor  and  Company 
of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  England." 

4.  So  sanctimonious  (458)  was  Bccket,  when  he  became  Archbishop, 
that  he  appeared  unconscious  of  the  fact  that  he  possessed  a  corpo- 
real nature. 

5.  Henry  the  Eighth,  towards  the  close  of  his  life,  became  very 
corpulent, 

6.  On  examining  a  corpuscle  of  blood,  the  aqueous  part  is  found 
to  predominate  (127)  over  the  solid  portion. 

91.  CRAS,  to-morrow. 

1.  Procrastinate,  to  put  off.  |  Procrastination,  deferring. (81.) 

1.  Lee  intended  to  increase  the  guard,  but,  accustomed  to  defer  (167) 
and  procrastinate,  he  neglected  it,  and  thus  became  delinquent  (263) 
in  duty,  and  suffered  a  long  imprisonment. 

92.  CRE'D-O,  I  believe.    CRED'IT-UM,  to  believe. 


1.  Credence,  belief. 

2.  Credit,  trust. 

3.  Credible,  worthy  of  belief. 

3.  Credentials,     those     things 
which  give  title  to  belief. 


4.  Credulous,  apt  to  believe. 
4.  Incredulity,  slowness  of  be- 
lief. 
Incredible,  not  to  be  believed. 
(23.) 


1.  Arnold  had  appeared  so  conscientious  (466)  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duty,  and  so  energetic  in  the  defence  (165)  of  Danbury,  that  few  could 
give  credence  to  the  report  (402)  of  his  treason. 

2.  Such  was  the  reputation  (422)  of  Robert  Morris,  that,  when  Gov- 
ernment credit  was  low,  he  could  obtain  on  his  own  security  (102)  any 
amount  of  money  required. 

3.  It  seemed  scarcely  credible,  that  one  of  the  legation  (252)  to 
France,  although  possessing  the  proper  credentials,  should  not  be 
received,  while  his  colleague  (252)  was  accepted. 

4.  Credulous  people,  owning  lands  in  Virginia  in  1609,  gave  up 
everything  for  the  purpose  of  digging  gold ;  and  laughed  at  others  for 
their  incredulity, 

93.  CRE'-O,  I  create.    CREA'T-UM,  to  create. 


1.  Creator,  God,  the  maker  of 
all  things, 


1.  Creation,  the  act  of  bringing 
into  existence. 

2.  Eecreations,  amusements. 

1.  Dry  den,  in  one  of  his  poems,  represents  a  sapient  (461)  deist  (111) 
acknowledging  God  as  the  creator,  but  denying  that  he  has  g  vcn 
to  man  any  revelation  (558)  of  the  creation. 


54  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

2.  Formerly,  the  higher  classes  in  England  devoted  a  great  deal  of 
time  to  recreations,  calculated  to  invigorate  (572)  the  constitution. 

94.  CEE'P-O,  I  sound,  I  rattle.    CEEP'IT-UM,  to  sound,  to  rattle. 
1.  Discrepancy,  inconsistency.      |  2.  Decrepitude,  feebleness. 

1.  There  was  a  great  discrepancy  in  the  reports  of  the  battle  of 
Stillwater,  as  given  by  Gates  and  Arnold. 

2.  The  gradual  (207)  decay  of  the  body,  and  the  decrepitude  which 
years  produce,  is  beautifully  described  by  Shakespeare. 

95.  CRES'C-O,  I  grow.    CRE'T-TJM,  to  grow. 

1.  Excrescence,  something  grow-  I  Increase,  to  augment.  (57.) 
ing  out  of  another.  | 

1.  A  nutgall  is  an  excrescence  of  the  oak;  a  small  quantity  will 
give  a  black  tint  (532). 

96.  CEI'MEN,  (CBJM'IN-IS,  a  crime. 


1.  Recrimination,  return  of  one 
accusation  with  another. 


2.  Recriminate,     to     retort     a 
charge. 
Criminal,  an  offender.  (23.) 

1.  The  constant  quarrelling  and  recrimination  of  Mason  and 
the  people  of  New  Hampshire  continued  until  1GS6,  when  Andross  was 
made  Governor  of  all  New  England. 

2.  Commodore  Barron's  impulsive  (373)  nature  led  him,  when  charged 
with  cowardice,  to  recriminate,  and  from  this,  and  subsequent  (476) 
events,  there  resulted  a  duel,  in  which  Decatur  received  a  mortal  (314) 
wound. 

97.  CKTJ'D-TJS,  unripe,  cruel. 

1.  Crude,  unripe_ 

1.  Fruit,  which  is  wholesome  in  its  maturity  (285),  will  produce  indi- 
gestion (203),  if  taken  when  immature  (285),  or  in  a  crude  state. 

98.  CRUX,  (CRTJ'C-IS,)  a  cross. 

1.  Crucial,  severe.  3.  Excruciate,  to  put  to  severe 

2.  Excruciating,  extremely  pain-  pain. 

ful. 

1.  To. an  ambitious  man  like  Wolsey,  the  crucial  trial  was  the 
indignity  (120)  cast  upon  him  personally  (379). 

2.  The  Covenanters  of  Scotland  were  subjected  to  the  most  excru- 
ciating torture,  to  extort  (535)  from  them  a  denial  of  their  faith. 

3.  The  Indians  seemed  to  exhaust  (219)  their  powers  of  invention,  in 
devising  means  to  excruciate  their  captives. 


LATIN  ROOTS.  55 


4.  Encumbrance,  a  burden. 
Succumb,   sink  under  a   diffi- 
culty. (3.) 


09.  CtFB-0,  or  CUM'B-0,  I  lie  down. 

1.  Encumber,  to  oppress  with  a 

burden. 

2.  Incumbent,  resting  upon. 

3.  Recumbent,  lying. 

1.  The  laws  of  England  seemed  designed  to  encumber  the  colonies, 
and  provoke  them  to  act  on  the  defensive  (165). 

2.  It  is  incumbent  on  every  member  of  Congress  (207),  to  legislate 
(25G)  in  such  a  manner,  as  shall  tend  to  establish  (485)  the  fundamental 
(201)  principles  of  our  Government;  viz.,  justice  to  all. 

3.  The  arrogant  (447)  Duke  of  Monmouth,  after  his  defeat  in  1685, 
was  glad  to  assume  a  recumbent  position  in  a  ditch,  where  he  had 
time  to  repent  of  his  presumption  (512)  and  folly. 

4.  Those  who  contended  in  the  Olympic  Games,  were  careful  to 
practise  the  strictest  temperance  (519),  and  to  lay  aside  every  encum- 
brance, that  might  impede  their  progress. 

100.  CTJL'P-A,  a  fault. 

1.  Exculpate,     to    clear    from  I  2.  Culpable,  blamable. 
blame. 

1.  St.  Clair  hoped  to  exculpate  himself,  in  tne  management  of  the 
expedition,  which  resulted  in  such  a  disastrous  defeat. 

2.  The  seizure  of  Osceola,  under  a  flag  of  truce,  was  considered  a 
most  culpable  and  fraudulent  (193)  act. 

101.  CU'MUL-0,  I  heap  up. 

1.  Cumulative,  piled  up.  |  2.  Accumulate,  to  heap  up. 

1.  As  the  evidence  against  Raleigh  became  more  and  more  cumu- 
lative,  no  doubt  existed,  that  he  would  be  convicted. 

2.  The  desire  of  Henry  VII.  to  accumulate  wealth,  led  him  to 
undertake  an  enterprise  (409),  similar  (482)  to  that  of  Columbus. 

102.  CTJ'RA,  care. 

1.  Procurement,  the  act  of  pro- 

curing. 

2.  Curious,  rare. 

3.  Proxy,  agency  of  another. 

4.  Sinecure,   a    position  which 

gives   income   without   em- 
ployment. 

1.  The  procurement  of  a  charter  for  Connecticut,  from  such  a 
volatile  (5^jL)  and  voluptuous  (583)  monarch  as  Charles  II.,  required 
great  tact  (517). 

2.  By  a  fortuitous  (188)  circumstance  (485),  Winthrop  had  in  his  pos- 
session a  curious  ring,   the  gift  of  Charles  I.     The  king  at  first 

5* 


,  Curable,     admitting    of     a 

remedy. 
Accurate,  exact.  (7.) 
Curate,  a  clergyman  hired  to 

do  duty  for  another.  (41.) 
Procure,  to  obtain.  (29.) 
Security,  assurance.  (92.) 


66  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

ordered  that  the  application  (392)  should  receive  a  negative  (328)  answer, 
but,  at  sight  of  the  ring,  he  was  induced  to  countermand  (280)  the 
order  (351),  and  to  grant  the  charter. 

3.  The  courtship  of  Charles  II.  having  been  performed  by  proxy 9 
it  is  not  remarkable  that  he  did  not  find  his  wife  very  congenial  (204). 

4.  The  position  of  Smith,  as  Governor  of  Virginia,  was  no  sine- 
cure;  and  fearing  that  the  contusion  (545),  from  which  he  was  suffer- 
ing, would  be  no  longer  curable,  he  recurned  to  England.     * 

103.  CTJR'R-0,  I  run.    CUR'S-TJM,  to  run. 


7.  Excursion,  expedition. 

8.  Career,  course. 

9.  Occurrence,  event. 
Concurrence,  combination  of 

circumstances.  (15.) 
Concourse,  assembly  of  per- 
sons. (88.) 
Incursion,  invasion.  (86.) 


1.  Current,  passing. 

1.  Currency,  money. 

2.  Precursor,  forerunner. 

3.  Cursory,  hasty. 

4.  Courier,  a  messenger  sent  in 

haste. 

5.  Discourse,  speech. 

6.  Recourse,  application  for  help. 
6.  Succor,  help  in  distress. 

1.  The  debasing  of  the  current  coins,  or  the  counterfeiting  of  the 
currency  of  a  country,  is  a  crime,  punishable  with  imprisonment 
and  fine. 

2.  John,  the  precursor  of  Christ,  is  thought  by  many  to  have 
baptized  by  immersion  (292). 

3.  On  a  cursory  examination,  Columbus  decided,  that  the  land  he 
had  discovered  was  the  East  Indies ;  it  was  impossible  for  him  to 
realize  (441)  the  immense  extent  (520)  of  ocean,  which  lay  between.  • 

4.  Wh«n  the  courier  announced  the  surrender  of  Cornwallis,  the 
aged  doorkeeper  of  Congress,  though  usually  sedate  (471)  and  dispas- 
sionate (368),  was  so  excited,  that  he  fell  dead. 

5.  An  extemporaneous  (519)  discourse  is  generally  more  discursive, 
than  one  delivered  from  manuscript  (282). 

6.  The  ancient  Britons  suffered  so  dreadfully  from  the  predatory  (408) 
incursions  of  the  Picts  and  Scots,  that  they  had  recourse  to  the 
Consul  of  Gaul,  whom  they  besought,  in  the  most  abject  (239)  terms, 
to  send  succor, 

7.  Queen  Victoria  has,  for  many  years,  made  a  summer  excursion 
to  Balmoral;*  the  salubrity  (457)  of  the  climate,  and  the  reverential 
(562)  affection  of  the  people,  make  these  visits  very  agreeable  to  the 
royal  family. 

8.  The  career  of  Columbus  is  an  excellent  exemplification  (148)  of 
the  transitory  (142)  nature  of  worldly  honor. 

9.  The  bursting  of  the  Peace-maker,  in  1844,  was  a  most  lamentable 
occurrence. 

*  Pronounced  Bal-mor'-al. 


LATIN  ROOTS.  57 

104.  CUB'V-US,  crooked. 

1.  Incurvate,  to  bend. 

1.  Persons  engaged  in  sedentary  (471)  occupations,  should  be  careful 
not  to  incurvate  the  spine,  but  to  maintain  (282)  an  erect  posture. 

105.  CUS'T-OS,  (CUSTO'D-IS,)  a  keeper. 
1.  Custody,  imprisonment. 

1.  In  1605,  a  tremendous  (539)  excitement  was  produced  in  England, 
by  the  discovery  of  a  conspiracy  (499)  to  destroy  both  houses  of  Par- 
liament, by  an  explosion  (389)  of  gunpowder.  Guy  Fawkes  was  taken 
into  custody 9  and  efforts  were  made  to  implicate  (392)  a  peer  of  the 
realm. 

106.  CU'T-IS,  the  skin. 

1.  Cutaneous,  affecting  the  skin. 

1.  The  Jews  greatly  dreaded  the  contagion  (517)  of  cutaneous 
diseases;  they  were,  therefore,  very  careful  not  to  inhale  (218)  the 
breath  of  a  leper,  or  to  come  in  contact  with  one  in  any  way. 

107.  DAM'N-UM,  harm,  loss. 

1.  Indemnify,  to  reimburse.  I  Condemn,     to     give      sentence 

against.  (63.) 

1.  The  Spoliation  Bill,  paid  by  France  in  1835,  was  intended  to 
indemnify  the  United  States,  for  injury  done  to  her  commerce  (293) 
from  1794  to  1810. 

108.  DE'B-EO,  I  owe.    DEB'IT-TJM,  to  owe. 

1.  Debtor,  the  person  who  owes  l  2.  Debit,  to  charge  with  debt, 
another. 

1.  The  object  of  bankrupt  laws,  in  reference  to  the  debtor,  should 
be,  to  secure  to  the  bankrupt  (451)  an  absolute  (491)  release  from  his 
obligation  (260)  to  pay. 

2.  The  king  determined  to  debit  John  of  Gaunt  with  the  expenses 
of  the  war  in  Castile. 


109.  DE'C-EM,  ten. 

1.  Decennial,  happening   every 

ten  years. 

2.  Duodecimo,  a  book  in  which  the 

sheet  is  folded  into  12  leaves. 


Duodecimal,*       reckoned      by 
twelves. 


*  Som«  derivatives  not  inserted  under  their  roots,  will  be  found  in  Part  I. 


58  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  The  decennial  enumeration  of  our  population,  shows  that  the 
desire  of  the  immigrant  (295)  is  generally  to  locate  (268)  himself  in  the 
interior  (285),  rather  than  in  the  maritime  (283)  portions  of  the  country. 

2.  Caxton,  in  the  latter  part  of  the  fifteenth  century,  published 
books  of  all  sizes,  from  the  cumbersome  folio  (186),  to  the  duodeci 
mo,  so  convenient  (559)  to  peruse  (552). 

110.  DE'CEN-S,  becoming.    DE'COR,  grace. 


3.  Decorate,  to  adorn. 

4.  Indecorum,    impropriety    of 

manner. 


T.  Decency,  propriety  of  con- 
duct. 

2.  Decorum,  propriety  of  man- 
ner. 

1.  After  the  deposition  (399)  of  Edward  II.,  his  treatment  showed  a 
total  want  of  kindness,  or  even  decency ',  and  a  determination  to  kill 
him  by  ill  usage  (552). 

2.  The  attendants  of  Charles  I.  acted  in  his  presence,  with  the 
greatest  decorum, 

3.  To  decorate  St.  Paul's,  was  the  great  delight  of  its  architect, 
Sir  Christopher  Wren. 

4.  Cromwell's  daughters  treated  him  with  such  disrespect  and  inde- 
corum, as  to  hasten  his  death. 


2.  Dental,    belonging    to    the 

teeth. 

3.  Indent,  to  cut  into  points  or 

inequalities. 


111.  DENS,  (DEN'T-IS,)  a  tooth. 

1.  Indenture,  a  mutual   agree- 

ment,  a   copy  of  which  is 
held  by  each  party. 

2.  Dentist,    one    who    operates 

upon  teeth. 

1.  In  the  reign  of  James  I.,  the  indenture  of  an  apprentice,  usually 
captained  an  express  stipulation,  of  the  amount  of  servile  (479)  labor  to 
b^  performed,  and  the  quantity  (424)  of  beer  to  be  drunk. 

2.  Formerly,  the  dentist  and  the  barber  were  identical  (226)  ;  the 
ability  (215)  to  extract  (538)  a  tooth,  being  the  only  dental  knowledge 
necessary. 

3.  The  power  of  water  in  motion  to  indent  the  land,  is  fully  exem- 
plified on  the  coast  of  Maine. 

112.  DEN'S-TJS,  thick,  close. 

1.  Condensation,  compression.     |  2.  Condense,  to  compress. 
1.  Density,  compactness.  Dense,  compact.  (71.) 

1.  The  application  of  cold,  to  solidify  (488)  a  fluid,  usually  produces 
condensation;  but  in  the  case  of  ice,  the  density  is  not  so  great 
as  in  water. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  59 

2.  In  his  writings,  Milton  was  able  to  generalize  (204),  but  he  had 
no  power  to  condense  /  consequently,  his  argumentative  works  are 
frequently  prolix  and  tedious. 

113.  DETE'RIOR,  worse. 

1.  Deterioration,   the   state  i  f  I  Deteriorate,    to    make   worse, 
having  grown  worse.  (80.) 

1.  The  deterioration  of  Spain  as  a  nation  (324),  is  easily  seen, 
if  we  compare  (361)  its  present  and  past  condition  as  a  naval  (326) 
power. 

114.  DE'-US,  God. 

Deity,  the  nature   and  essence  !  Deist,  one  who  believes  in  God, 
of  God.  (50.)  but  denies  revelation.  (93.) 

115.  DEX'TER,  pertaining  to  the  right  hand. 

1.  Dexterity,  expertness.  |  2.  Dexterous,  expert. 

1.  The  jugglers  of  India  exhibit  a  dexterity,  in  every  manoeuvre 
(282),  which  is  perfectly  marvellous. 

2.  Alexander,  by  a  dexterous  movement,  seized  the  bridle  of 
Bucephalus,  and,  by  kind  and  gentle  treatment,  soon  made  him  per- 
fectly tractable  (538). 

116.  DI'C-0, 1  devote,  I  show.    DICA'T-TJM,  to  devote,  to  show. 

1.  Indicate,  to  show.  I  Dedicate,  to  consecrate.  (88.) 

2.  Indication,  token.  |  Abdicate,  to  resign.  (77.) 

1.  "Everything,"  says  John  Robinson,  in  his  diary  (118),  "seems 
to  indicate  that  we  must  leave  Holland." 

2.  It  is  impossible  to  surmount  (310)  the  difficulties  of  our  social  (486) 
position,  which  tend  to  demoralize  (315)  our  children;  every  indica- 
tion of  Providence  points  to  America  as  our  refuge. 


117.  DI'C-O,  I  say.    DICT-TJM,  to  say. 


1.  Diction,  style. 

2.  Dictatorial,  overbearing. 

3.  Contradiction,  opposition. 

4.  Contradictory,  in  opposition 

to. 


9.  Dictate,    to  give  directions 

authoritatively. 
9.  Interdict,  to  prohibit. 

10.  Indite,  to  compose. 

11.  Dictator,   a  Roman  magis- 


5.  Indict,   to  charge  by  formal  !  trate. 

accusation.  ;  12.  Dictionary,  a  vocabulary, 

6.  Malediction,  curse.  Predict,  foretell.  (14.) 


7.  Edict,  proclamation. 

8.  Predicable,  capable  of  being 

affirmed. 


Verdict,  decision.  (89.) 


60  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  To  acquire  (428)  a  pure  diction,  vend  the  works  of  the  "  Augus- 
tan Age  "  of  English  literature  (267). 

2.  The  disposition  of  Henry  VIII.  was  irascible,  and  his  manner 
dictatorial, 

3.  When  an  invalid,  Henry  VIII.  was  as  fierce  (166)  as  a  lion,  and 
would  not  endure  the  slightest  contradiction* 

4.  Catharine  Parr,  the  last  wife  of  Henry  VIII.,  was  generally  able 
to  mollify  (808)  him ;  but  one  day  she  gave  him  an  answer,  which 
was  contradictory  to  some  of  his  opinions. 

5.  Enraged  by  what  he  considered  the  arrogance  (447)  of  Catharine, 
and  incited  by  the  insinuation  (484)  of  Bishop  Gardiner,  that  it  was 
derogatory  (447)  to  the  conjugal  (242)  relation,  to  allow  such  an  act, 
Henry  ordered  the  Chancellor  to  indict  her. 

6.  The  prudent  (571)  and  sagacious  (454)  Catharine,  managed  the 
matter  so  adroitly,  that  the  malice  of  the  king  was  directed  against 
the  Bishop,  on  whom  he  pronounced  a  bitter  malediction* 

7.  Every  avocation  (580)  in  France,  suffered  from  the  extensive  mi- 
gration, which  took  place,  when  Louis  XIV.  was  induced  to  revoke  (580) 
the  edict  of  Nantes. 

8.  "The  rotundity  (448)  of  the  earth,"  said  Columbus,  "  is  predi- 
cable  on  three  facts,  obvious  (570)  to  all ;  deride  (442)  as  you  please, 
but  give  me  what  is  indispensable  (374)  to  the  undertaking,  and  I  will 
demonstrate  (311)  the  truth  of  what  I  assert." 

9.  Innocent  III.  claimed  the  right  to  dictate  in  the  election  of  a 
Cardinal.  King  John  refusing  to  obey,  the  Pope  determined  to  in- 
terdict the  exercise  of  all  religious  rites. 

10.  W.  H.  Prescott,  notwithstanding  his  blindness,  was  able  to  in- 
dite such  erudite  (449)  works,  as  the  History  of  Ferdinand  and  Isabella, 
History  of  Mexico,  &c.  &c. 

11.  Sylla,  the  dictator,  determined  to  liberate  (257)  10,000  slaves, 
and  exempt  (140)  them  from  service  to  the  state,  that  they  might  be 
made  subservient  (479)  to  his  own  exaltation. 

12.  To  learn  how  to  use  a  word  correctly,  consult  a  good  diction- 
ary, such  as  Webster's  or  Worcester's  Unabridged,  which  not  only 
gives  the  meaning,  but  a  sentence  containing  the  word,  as  a  model. 

118.  DI'-ES,  a  day. 


1.  Diurnal,  daily. 

2.  Dial,  face  of  a  timepiece. 
2.  Meridian,  noon. 


3.  Post-Meridian,  (p.  m.,)  in  the 
afternoon. 
Diary,  a  journal.  (116.) 

1.  The  diurnal  rotation  of  the  earth  upon  its  axis,  produces  the 
change  of  day  and  night.  The  revolution  of  the  earth  around  the  sun, 
with  the  inclination  of  the  axis,  produces  the  diversity  (565)  of  tem- 
perature. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  61 

2.  At  all  places  between  the  polar  circles,  in  the  same  longitude  (269), 
the  sun  dial  will  indicate  the  meridian  at  the  same  instant  (485). 

3.  When  it  is  six  o'clock,  ante-meridian,  in  Philadelphia,  it  is  six 
o'clock,  post-meridian,  at  our  antipodes. 

119.  DIG'IT-US,  a  finger ;  a  fingers  breadth. 

1.  Digit,  any  one  of  the  figures  from  1  to  9. 

1.  Is  the  cipher  to  be  considered  a  digit?    No ;  there  are  but  nine 

digits. 


120.  DIG'N-TJS,  worthy. 

1.  Dignify,  to  advance  to  honor. 

2.  Condign,  merited. 

3.  Deign,  condescend. 

4.  Disdain,  to  contemn. 


Dignity,  nobleness.  (40.) 
Indignity,  insult.  (98.) 
Indignant,  angry  and  disgusted. 
(68.) 


1.  The  Queen  determined  to  dignify  the  architect  of  the  Crystal 
Palace,  by  making  him  a  Baronet. 

2.  Immediately  upon  the  arrest  of  Andre*,  a  conference  (167)  was  held, 
and  it  was  decided,  that  condign  punishment  must  be  visited  on  all 
concerned. 

3.  Many,  who  would  not  deign  to  notice  Columbus,  except  to 
denounce  (341)  him,  as  a  visionary  (571)  enthusiast,  when  he  left  Spain, 
were  willing  to  ennoble  (334)  him,  on  his  return. 

4.  To  disdain  the  poor,  because  of  their  poverty,  is  to  reflect  (181) 
dishonor  on  the  Creator. 

121.  DILTJ'VI-UM,  a  deluge. 

Antediluvians,  those  who  lived  before  the  flood.  (2.) 

122.  DISCIP'UL-TJS,  a  learner. 

1.  Discipline,  training.  |  Disciple,  a  follower.  (64.) 

1.  Parental  (363)  discipline  was  formerly  so  rigid  (443),  that  a 
child  was  not  allowed  to  sit,  in  presence  of  the  parent  (363),  without 
permission. 

123.  DI'V-US,  a  god;  God. 

1.  Divination,  foretelling.  3.  Divine,  a  theologian. 

2.  Divine,   of  the   essence   and  Divinity,  the  science  of  divine 

nature  of  God.  things.  (38.) 

1.  He  must  be  wise  indeed,  who  can  practise  divination  from  the 
sediment  (471)  of  a  coffee-cup. 

2.  The  idea  of  the  existence  of  a  divine  being,  seems  to  be  innate 
(324)  in  the  human  mind. 


62  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

3.*  Dr.  Biles,  a  celebrated  divine  of  Boston,  was  noted  for  his 
humor.  In  order  to  illuminate  (276)  the  darkness  of  their  streets, 
the  Selectmen  of  Boston  had  imported  lamps  from  England,  which, 
according  to  the  usual  (552)  practice,  they  proceeded  to  suspend  (874) 
from  the  lamp-posts,  by  chains.  There  was,  at  this  time,  a  religious 
sect  (469),  called  "New  Lights."  One  of  these,  a  matron  (284),  noted 
for  her  illiberality  (257),  had  annoyed  the  doctor  with  her  loquacity 
(270)  and  inquisitive  (428)  disposition.  Meeting  this  lady  one  day, 
the  following  colloquy  (270)  took  place: — "Madam,  have  you  heard 
the  important  (402)  news ?  "  "News!  What  news?"  "I  do  not  wish  to 
grieve  (211)  you,"  said  the  doctor;  "but  a  number  of  'New  Lights' 
arrived  this  morning,  and  the  Selectmen  have  ordered  them  all  to  be 
put  in  irons!"  "Doctor,  are  you  certain  of  this  ?  "  "Madam,"  said 
the  doctor,  with  imperturbable  (546)  gravity  (211),  "I  can  testify  (529) 
to  the  truth  of  the  statement,  for  I  saw  one  of  them  myself.  But, 
remember,  this  is  entirely  confidential  (171)."  "Certainly,"  said 
madam;  and,  with  an  abrupt  (451)  "good-bye,"  the  lady  hurried  off 
to  spread  the  intelligence. 


Condition,  state.  (3.) 
Donation,  gift.  (26.) 


124.  DO,  I  give.    DA'T-UM,  to  give. 

1.  Render,  to  furnish. 

2.  Donate,  to  give. 

3.  Donor,  giver. 

1.  When  the  French  Government  was  unwilling  to  vender  any  aid, 
Lafayette  offered  his  services  to  the  American  cause. 

2.  Congress,  grateful  (210)  for  this  generous  (204)  conduct,  deter- 
mined to  donate  to  him  a  large  tract  of  land. 

3.  The  city  of  Philadelphia  is  greatly  indebted  to  Franklin,  who 
was  the  donor  of  a  large  collection  of  books,  the  nucleus  of  the 
Philadelphia  Library  (258). 

125.  DO'C-EO,  I  teach.    DOC'T-TJM,  to  teach. 

Doctor,  one  who  has  received  a 


1.  Docility,  teachableness. 

2.  Doctrine,     that     which 

taught. 

3.  Docile,  teachable. 


diploma  from  a  University  or 
College,    authorizing    him    to 
practise  and  teach.  (38.) 
Document,    a  paper   containing 
evidence.  (3.) 


*  When  scholars  are  required  to  combine  a  single  word,  which  is  contained  in  a  long 
paragraph,  they  should  endeavor  to  make  a  clear,  distinct  statement  (containing  the 
word),  similar  to  the  model  given;  thus,  suppose  the  word  is  "colloquy."  Dr.  Biles, 
j*eeting  a  very  loquacious  lady,  a  witty  eolloquy  took  place.  Or,  suppose  tho 
word  to  be  " imperturbable  y- '; — Dr.  Biles  could  preserve  the  most  imperturbable 
gravity,  while  saying  the  funniest  things. 


LATIN  ROOTS.  63 

1.  Many  touching  scenes  are  described  in  the  domestic  (129)  life  of 
Charles  I.  His  most  inveterate  (569)  enemy  longed  to  condole  (120) 
with  him,  in  the  grief  (211)  occasioned  by  the  death  of  his  little  daugh- 
ter, whose  docility  and  ingenuousness  (204)  had  won  the  love  of  all 
who  knew  her. 

2.  Many  Pagans  admit  the  doctvine9  that  a  part  of  man  is  im- 
mortal (314),  even  though  they  believe  in  the  annihilation  (331)  of  the 
body. 

3.  A  docile  disposition  in  infancy  (158)  and  youth,  is  the  best  indi- 
cation of  a  learned  old  age. 


126.  DO'LE-O,  I  grieve ;  I  am  in  pain. 


Condole,  to  sympathize  with  the 
grief  of  another.  (125.) 

127.  DOM'IN-TJS,  a  master;  a  lord. 


Doleful,  sorrowful.  (50.) 


1.  Dominion,  sovereign  power. 
1.  Dominant,  governing. 
Domination,  tyranny.  (47.) 


Domineer,   to    rule   with    inso- 
lence. (14.) 
Predominate,   to   prevail   over. 
,;  (90.) 

1.  When  the  Colonies  determined  to  throw  off  the  dominion  of 
Great  Britain,  the  dominant  power  in  Boston,  held  Tory  principles. 

128.  DO'M-O,  I  subdue,  I  tame.    DOM'IT-UM,  to  subdue,  to  tame. 
Indomitable,  not  to  be  subdued.  (53.) 

129.  DO'M-TJS,  a  house,  a  home. 


1.  Domesticate,  to   accustom  to 

the  residence  of  man. 

2.  Domicile,  mansion. 


Domestic,     belonging     to     the 
family.  (125.) 


1.  A  man  found  a  serpent  in  a  dormant  (130)  or  torpid  (534)  state, 
and  took  it  home,  intending  to  domesticate  it;  but  he  soon  had 
reason  to  repent  (376)  of  his  folly. 

2.  Having  indubitable  (132)  proof,  that  the  king  was  implacable  (386), 
Wolsey  resigned  his  splendid  (500)  domicile,  and,  disconsolate  (489) 
and  dejected  (239),  sought  the  hospitality  (223)  of  Leicester  Abbey, 
where  he  died. 

130.  DOR'M-IO,  I  sleep.    D0RMI'T-UM,  to  sleep. 

Dormant,  insensible.  (129.)  [  Dormitory,  a  sleeping- room.  (54). 

131.  DOR'S-UM  the  back. 

1.  Endorse,  to  write  one's  name  on  the  back  of  a  paper. 

1.  To  transfer  (167)  a  promissory  (305)  note,  it  is  necessary  for  the 
one  in  whose  favor  it  is  Irawn,  to  endorse  it. 
6 


64  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

132.  DU'BI-US,  doubtful. 

Dubious,  uncertain.  (57.)  I  Indubitable,  not  to  be  doubted. 

I       (129.) 

133.  DU'C-O,  I  lead.    D  TJC'T-TJM,  to  lead. 


Educate,  to  bring  up.  (68.) 
Induce,  to  persuade  by  present- 
ing motives.  (3.) 
Introductory,  preliminary.  (39.) 
Produce,  to  bear.  (15.) 
Reduce,  to  bring  down.  (80.) 


1.  Ductile,    capable    of    being 

drawn  into  a  wire. 

2.  Conduit,  a  water-pipe. 

3.  Conduce,  tend. 

4.  Adduce,  to  bring  forward. 
4.  Deduce,  infer. 

Conduct,  behavior.  (3.) 

1.  The  ductile  quality  of  gold,  enables  the  artificer  to  attenuate 
(523)  it  in  a  most  remarkable  degree. 

2.  A  conduit,  intended  to  supply  (391)  Jerusalem  with  water,  was 
made  impervious  (570),  by  a  cement,  known  only  to  the  ancients. 

3.  Public  schools  conduce  to  morality  (315),  when  scholars  are 
taught,  that  it  is  dishonest  (221)  to  injure  property,  belonging  to  the 
State. 

4.  We  are  accustomed  to  adduce  the  tax  upon  tea,  as  the  ca*ise 
of  the  Revolution,  but  there  were  many  other  acts  of  oppression  (410), 
from  which  we  can  deduce  the  righteousness  of  the  war. 


134.  DTJ'-O,  two. 


Duplicity,  deception.  (53.) 


1.  Duplicate,  twofold. 

Duel,  a  combat  between  two. 
(36.) 

1.  Duplicate  copies  of  letters  had  *o  be  written  by  manual  (282) 
labor,  until  a  machine  was  invented  (559),  which  saves  this  laborious 
(246)  operation  (349). 


Endure,  to  bear.  (68.) 
Obdurate,  stubborn.  (52.) 


135.  DU'E-US,  hard. 

1.  Durable,  lasting. 

2.  Duration,  continuance. 

3.  Obduracy,  hardness  of  heart. 

1.  So  durable  are  some  kinds  of  wood,  that  there  are  stone  bridges 
in  a  state  of  dilapidation  (248),  while  the  wooden  piles,  on  which  they 
rest,  are  in  a  good  state  of  preservation  (479). 

2.  Who  can  comprehend  (409)  the  duration  of  Eternity?  Or  even 
the  infinite  (176)  distance  that  exists  between  us  and  the  nearest  con- 
stellation? (502). 

3.  Such  was  the  obduracy  exhibited  by  Ravaillac,  the  murderer 
of  "Good  King  Henry,"  that,  when  the  Court  sentenced  (473)  him  to 


LATIN    ROOTS.  65 

be  torn  limb  from  limb,  by  four  horses,  the  populace  sent  up  a  shout 
of  applause  (389),  and  witnessed  his  contortions  (535),  without  the 
slightest  desire  to  mitigate  (304)  his  sufferings. 

136.  EB'RI-US,  drunken. 

1.  Inebriate,  an  habitual  drunk-  I  Sobriety,  freedom  from  intoxi- 
ard.  (36.)  cation.  (57.) 

1.  A  home  for  the  inebriate,  in  which  he  will  have  no  temptation 
(522)  to  intemperance  (519),  is  one  of  the  noble  (334)  charities  of  the  age. 

137.  JE'D-ES,  a  house ;  a  building. 

1.  Edify,  to  build  up  in  knowl-  I  Edifice,  a  building.  (47.) 
edge. 

1.  The  study  of  history,  whether  profane  (157)  or  sacred,  tends  to 
edify  and  enlarge  the  mind. 

138.  E'D-O,  I  eat. 

1.  Edible,  eatable. 

1.  "What  articles  are  edible?"  inquires  (428)  the  naturalist  (324). 
"Rats  and  birds'-nests,"  says  the  Chinaman.  "Frogs,"  says  the 
Frenchman.  "Rancid  oil,"  says  the  Esquimaux.  "Old  cheese,"  says 
the  Englishman.  Yet  all  these  are  disgusting  (214)  to  persons  not 
accustomed  to  them. 

139.  EGO,  I. 

1.  Egotism,  talking  much  of  one's  I  Egotistical,*  self-conceited, 
self. 

1.  In  the  first  person,  the  plural  we  is  often  used,  for  the  singular  /, 
by  editors,  reviewers,  governors,  &c,  to  avoid  the  appearance  of 
egotism. 

140.  E'M-O,  I  buy.    EMP'T-TJM,  to  buy. 

1.  Exemption,  freedom  from  that     3.  Redeem,  to  ransom. 

to  which  others  are  subject.      3.  Redemption,  ransom. 

2.  Peremptory,  decisive.  Exempt,  to  release.   (117.) 

1.  Only  two  (Enoch  and  Elijah)  of  the  human  race,  have  had  ex- 
emption from  mortality  (314). 

2.  The  command  to  General  Scott,  to  proceed  to  Mexico,  was  so 
peremptory,  that  delay  was  impossible. 

*  The  sentence  given  to  show  the  use  of  "egotism"  would,  with  a  slight  change,  show 
the  use  of  "egotistical;"  thus:  —  "To  avoid  appearing  egotistical*"  Scholars  can 
frequently  derive  the  use  of  one  part  of  speech,  from  the  model,  which  is  given  fo» 

another. 


66  THE   MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

3.  Richard,  the  "Lion-Hearted,"  was  held  in  such  high  esteem,  that 
the  English  gladly  melted  the  silver,  in  the  churches  ana  monasteries, 
to  obtain  the  sum  necessary  to  redeem  him,  (or,  "for  his  redemp- 
tion.") 

141.  JE'MUL-TJS,  a  rival. 

1.  Emulation,  rivalry.  |  2.  Emulate,  strive  to  equal. 

1.  The  pleasure  (386)  afforded  by  the  possession  of  knowledge,  ought 
to  produce  sufficient  emulation  among  scholars ;  and  the  expediency 
(380)  of  offering  any  other  inducement,  is  much  disputed  by  writers 
on  the  subject. 

2.  The  youth  of  America  should  emulate  the  noble  character  of 
Lincoln,  in  integrity  (234),  honesty  (221),  and  self-sacrifice  (152). 

142.  E'-O,  I  go.    I'T-UM,  to  go. 


Sedition,  insurrection. 

Transition,  change. 

Ambition,  desire  for  advance- 
ment. (57.) 

Transitory,  passing  quickly 
away.  (103.) 


1.  Ambient,  floating  on  all  sides. 

2.  Exit,  departure. 

3.  Initial,  placed  at  the  begin- 

ning. 

4.  Initiate,  to  introduce. 

4.  Initiation,*  introduction. . 

5.  Obituary,  relating  to  the  de- 

cease of  a  person. 

1.  It  is  related  of  Constantine,  that  a  flaming  cross  appeared  (362)  to 
him  in  the  heavens,  and  that,  through  the  ambient  air,  there  came 
a  voice,  saying,  "By  this,  conquer." 

2.  The  exit  of  some  of  the  Royal  Governors  from  the  Colonies,  was 
marked  by  acts,  calculated  to  inflame  (180)  the  minds  of  the  people. 

3.  When  a  word  begins  with  two  consonants,  the  sounds  of  which 
will  not  coalesce,  the  initial  consonant  (493)  is  silent ;  as,  knife. 

4.  The  ancient  alchemists,  before  consenting  to  initiate*  a  novice 
into  the  mysteries  of  their  craft,  required  him  to  make  a  solemn 
asseveration  (480),  never  to  divulge  (587)  its  secrets. 

5.  The  obituary  notices  of  Lord  Brougham, f  in  1839,  were  so 
laudatory  (251),  that  some  thought  he  originated  (352)  the  false  report 
of  his  own  death,  in  order  to  see  what  contemporary  (519)  writers 
would  say  of  him. 

6.  William  Penn  was  known  to  correspond  (501)  with  James  II.,  and, 
consequently,  was  accused  of  sedition. 

7.  If  no  translucent  (276)  atmosphere  surrounded  the  earth,  the 
transition  from  darkness  to  light,  would  be  so  sudden,  as  to  blind 
us. 

*  Or: — "before  consenting  to  the  initiation  of  a  novice"  &c. 
f  Brougham,  pronounced  broo'-am,  or  broo'm, 


LATIN   ROOTS.  67 

143.  E'QTMJS,  a  horse. 

1.  Equestrian,     pertaining     to  |  2.  Equipage,  attendance,  retinue, 
horsemanship. 

1.  Equestrian  exercises  are  promotive  (316)  of  health  and  vivacity 
(579),  and  are  invaluable  (555)  for  those  who  are  convalescent  (555). 

2.  In  1832,  a  handsome  equipage  was  provided,  and  Black  Hawk, 
with  other  chiefs,  was  conducted  through  some  of  the  principal  cities 
of  the  United  States.  The  naturally  taciturn  (516)  character  of  the 
Indian  race,  prevented  any  expression  of  opinion  (347) ;  but  it  was 
evident  (571),  that  they  felt  it  useless  to  contend  longer  with  such  a 
powerful  Government. 


6.  Equivocate,  to  use  words  in  a 

deceptive  manner. 

7.  Iniquity,  wickedness. 

8.  Equalize,  to  make  alike  in 

amount  or  degree. 


144.  .ffi'QTJ-US,  equal,  just. 

1.  Adequate,  equal  to. 

2.  Equation,   an   expression   of 

equality  between  quantities. 

3.  Equilibrium,  equal  force. 

4.  Equity,  justice. 

5.  Equivalent,  that  which  is  of 

equal  value. 

1.  In  1779,  Prevost  threatened  Charleston;  although  Lincoln's  force 
was  not  adequate  to  the  emergency,  yet  he  hastened  to  its  relief. 

2.  An  equation  is  not  altered,  if  you  perform  (187)  the  same  opera- 
tion on  both  sides ;  as,  6  +  2  =  2+  4-J-  2;  take  away  2  from  both  sides, 
and  we  have  6  —  2-\-  4. 

3.  The  cultivation  of  the  intellect  (253),  tends  to  preserve  the  equi- 
librium of  the  mental  and  physical  powers. 

4.  "  Tha  judicial  power  shall  extend  to  all  cases,  in  law  and  equity, 
arising  under  this  Constitution." 

5.  William  Penn  determined  to  take  nothing  from  the  Indians,  with- 
out returning  an  equivalent* 

6.  Nathan  Hale  was  able  to  penetrate  (377)  into  the  very  heart  of  the 
British  camp,  but,  on  his  return,  was  apprehended  (409),  and  carried 
before  the  Provost.  Scorning  to  equivocate,  Hale,  when  asked,, 
"Are  you  a  spy?"  simply  gave  an  affirmative  (177)  answer. 

7.  The  iniquity  of  the  massacre  of  Wyoming,  in  1778,  has  made 
the  name  of  Col.  John  Butler,  infamous  (154). 

8.  Congress  has  made  an  effort  to  equalize  the  bounties  paid  to 
the  soldiers. 

145.  EE'It-O,  I  wander.    EERA'T-TJM,  to  wander. 
1.  Erratic,  deviating  from  the  I  2.  Erroneous,  incorrect. 

usual  way.  J  3.  Aberration,  a  wandering. 

6* 


68  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  The  erratic  course  of  George  III.,  greatly  surprised  the  nation, 
until  it  was  known  that  all  the  premonitory  (309)  symptoms  of  insanity 
(4G0)  had  appeared. 

2.  Until  Columbus  proved  it  to  be  erroneous,  the  opinion  was 
prevalent  (555),  that  the  earth  was  a  level  plain. 

3.  Aberration,  of  mind,  was  formerly  attributed  to  lunar  (274) 
influences,  and  was,  therefore,  called  lunacy  (274). 

146.  JE'STIM-O,  I  value. 

1.  Estimate,  to  compute.  I  3.  Inestimable,  above  all  price. 

2.  Estimable,  worthy  of  esteem.   J       Estimation,  opinion.  (58.) 

1.  It  is  hardly  possible  to  estimate-,  properly,  the  value  of  the 
territory  acquired  by  the  treaty  of  Guadaloupe  Hidalgo. 

2.  The  estimable  character  of  Rose  Standish,  consort  (494)  of 
Miles  Standish,  made  her  generally  beloved  in  the  Plymouth  Colony. 

3.  The  inestimable  "right  to  a  speedy  and  public  (400)  trial,  by 
an  impartial  jury  (243)  of  the  State  and  district  wherein  the  crime 
shall  have  been  committed,"  is  a  right  belonging  to  the  people,  as 
individuals  (571),  and  not  delegated  (252)  by  them  to  the  National  or 
State  Government. 


Longevity,   uncommonly  long 
duration  of  life.  (2/) 


147.  JE'V-TJM,  an  age. 

1.  Coeval,  existing  at  the  same 

time. 

2.  Primeval,  primitive. 

1.  If,  in  a  stratum  (503)  of  granite  (209),  we  find  the  bones  of  a  quad- 
ruped (380),  or  biped  (380),  it  is  fair  to  infer  (167),  that  those  animals 
were  coeval  with  the  rocks. 

2.  Milton  gives,  in  "Paradise  Lost,"  a  vivid  (579)  description  of  the 
earth  in  its  primeval  state. 

148.  EXEM'PL-TJM,  a  pattern. 

1.  Exemplify,   to    illustrate  by      Exemplary,  worthy  of  imitation. 

example.  (28.) 

2.  Exemplar,  a  model  to  be  imi-      Exemplification,     illustration, 

tated.  (103.) 

3.  Sample,  specimen.  Unexampled,  without  precedent. 
Example,  pattern.  (57.)  (58.) 

1.  The  proficiency  (152)  which  Milton  exhibited  at  College,  served 
to  exemplify  the  principle,  that  "Attention  is  the  secret  op 
success." 

2.  The  munificent  charities  of  Mr.  Peabody,  and  his  noble  charac 
tjr,  make  him  worthy  to  be  held  up  as  an  exemplar. 


LATIN  ROOTS.  69 

3.  When,  in  1791,  a  sample  of  anthracite  coal  was  brought  from 
the  mines,  people  treated  with  derision  (442)  the  idea,  that  it  was  in- 
flammable (180). 


149.  EX'TER-US,  outer,  foreign. 

3.  Extraneous,  not  belonging  to 
a  thing. 


1    Exterior,  the  outer  part 
i   External,  outward. 


4.  Extremity,  the  utmost  point. 

1.  The  first  view  (571)  of  the  exterior  of  St.  Peter's,  usually  dis- 
appoints the  spectator. 

2.  The  Supreme  (513)  Being  judges  not  by  the  external  appear- 
ance, nor  by  the  stature  (485),  nor  by  the  countenance  (521),  but  by  the 
heart. 

3.  As  there  was  no  surgeon,  able  to  probe  (414)  the  wound  of  Smithy 
and  remove  any  extraneous  matter,  he  was  obliged,  in  1609,  to 
seek  medical  (286)  aid  in  England. 

4.  During  the  famine  (155),  which  followed  the  departure  of  Smith, 
the  colonists  were  reduced  to  such  extremity 9  that  they  devoured 
(585)  not  only  the  bodies,  but  also  the  skins,  of  horses. 

150.  FAB'RIC-0,  I  make  or  frame. 
1.  Fabric,  manufactured  cloth.     J  2.  Fabricate,  to  manufacture. 

1.  For  the  beautiful  fabric,  called  silk,  whose  soft  and  pliable 
texture  (530)  makes  it  so  suitable  for  articles  of  clothing,  we  are  in- 
debted to  a  little  worm. 

2.  The  object  of  a  tariff,  is  to  induce  the  inhabitants  of  a  country  to 
fabricate  everything  they  use  (552). 


2.  Face,  countenance. 


151.  FA'CI-ES,  a  face. 

1.  Deface,  to  disfigure. 

2.  Efface,  expunge. 

1.  To  deface  a  building,  or  its  enclosure,  by  scribbling  (467)  upon 
it,  drawing  any  figure  (175.),  or  by  whittling,  is  a  vulgarism .(587),  of 
which  no  person,  having  the  slightest  pretension  (520)  to  gentility  (204), 
would  be  guilty. 

2.  A  young  man,  having  been  guilty  of  some  immoral  (315)  act, 
Washington  deemed  it  his  duty  to  remonstrate  (311)  with  him :  when  the 
youth,  greatly  incensed,  actually  spit  in  his  face.  With  the'most 
perfect  (152)  equanimity,  Washington  wiped  it  off,  saying,  "Young 
man  I  wish  you  could  efface  the  guilt  from  your  soul,  as  easily  as  I 
can  vipe  this  insult  (456)  from  my  face^ 


70  THE    MOl)EL   ETYMOLOGY. 

152.  FA'CI-O,  I  do  or  make.    FACT-TJM,  to  do  or  make. 


Affection,  love.  (4.) 
Counterfeit,  forgery.  (18.) 
Defection,  the  act  of  abandon- 
ing  a  cause  to  whjch  one  ia 
bound  by  duty.  (25.) 
Facilitate,  to  make  easy.  (71.) 
Facility,  dexterity.  (18.) 
Manufacture,  fabrication.  (25.) 
Perfect,  complete.  (151.) 
Proficiency,  advance  in  the  ac- 
quisition of  knowledge.  (148.) 
Sacrifice,  devotion.  (141.) 
Sufficient,  adequate.  (3.) 


1.  Faction,  a  party  opposed  to 
the  Government. 

1.  Effected,  produced. 

2.  Affectation,     artificial    ap- 

pearance. 

3.  Efficacious,      accomplishing 

the  object. 

4.  Officiate,  perform  the  duties 

of  the  office. 

5.  Infect,  taint  with  disease. 

6.  Surfeited,  ate  to  satiety. 

7.  Difficulties,  embarrassments. 

8.  Defective,  deficient. 

9.  Pontiff,  the  pope. 

1.  In  1645,  a  faction,  headed  by  Clayborne,  caused  much  disturb- 
ance (546)  in  Maryland.  Clayborne  effected  his  purpose,  by  defama- 
tory (154)  charges  against  Calvert,  and  by  representing  (511)  himself  as 
the  assertor  (477)  of  the  rights  of  the  settlers. 

2.  When  Pocahontas  was  in  England,  her  simplicity,  and  freedom 
from  affectation 9  won  the  love  of  all. 

3.  When  a  person  has  swallowed  poison,  the  most  efficacious 
remedy  (286)  at  hand,  is  usually  (552)  the  white  of  an  egg,  which  neutral- 
izes (330)  the  poison ;  or  mustard,  in  warm  water,  to  produce  nausea. 

4.  If  the  President  and  Vice-President  are  both  disqualified  (423)  to 
perform  the  duties  of  the  office,  then  the  presiding  officer  of  the  Senate 
shall  act  as  President ;  and  if  he  is  unable,  then  the  Speaker  of  the 
House  shall  officiate, 

5.  Travellers  coming  from  a  distance,  are  frequently  obliged  to  sub- 
mit to  quarantine  (426),  lest  they  should  infect  the  city. 

6.  Alexander,  the  Conqueror  of  the  world,  having  surfeited  him- 
self, died,  a  glutton  (206)  and  a  drunkard. 

7.  Arnold's  pecuniary  (372)  difficulties  led  him  to  peculate  (372) 
the  public  funds,  and  to  defraud  (193)  the  Government  of  enormous 
(333)  sums. 

8.  So  defective  were  the  Articles  of  Confederation,  that  they  gave 
Congress  no  power  to  tax  the  people,  or  provide  for  the  expenses  of 
the  Government. 

9.  When  the  Roman  ^Pontiff  refused  to  sanction  the  divorce  of 
Catherine  of  Arragon,  Henry  called  a  parliament,  Which  declared  the 
King's  supremacy  (513)  in  England. 

153.  FAL'L-O,  I  deceive.    FAL'S-TJM,  to  deceive. 

1.  Fallible,  liable  to  err.  I  Fallacious,  deceitful.  (84.) 

2.  Falsify,  violate.  I  Fallacy,  deceitfulness.  (40.) 


LATIN  ROOTS.  71 

1.  The  penitentiary  (376),  constructed  (507)  in  every  large  commu- 
nity, proves  that  man  is  fallible, 

2.  Whether  Mr.  Erskine  really  did  falsify  the  instruction  of  his 
Government,  in  1809,  we  know  not;  but  the  refusal  of  the  British 
Government  to  repeal  the  injurious  decrees,  was  an  act  which  gave 
great  umbrage  (548)  to  the  American  people. 


Defamatory,  slanderous.  (152.) 
Infamous,  detestable.  (144.) 
Infamy,  public  reproach.  (40.) 


154.  FA'M-A,  fame. 

1.  Famous,  renowned. 
1.  Defame,  to  injure  one's  repu- 
tation maliciously. 

1.  After  the  surrender  of  Burgoyne,  which  rendered  Gates  so 
fatilOUS,  the  most  persistent  attempts  were  made  to  defame  Wash- 
ington. 

155.  FA'M-ES,  hunger. 

1.  Famish,  to  die  of  hunger.  |  Famine,  scarcity  of  food.  (149.) 

1.  After  the  battle  of  Flatbush,  in  1776,  General  Woodhull  was 
allowed  to  famish  in  a  British  prison. 

156.  FAMIL'I-A,  a  family. 


1.  Familiarity,      intimate     ac 
quaintance. 


2.  Familiarize,    to   make    well 
known  by  converse. 
Familiar,  acquainted.  (76.) 

1.  Sumpter's  familiarity  with  the  whole  of  South  Carolina,  en- 
abled him,  in  1780,  to  defeat  Irwin  at  Hanging  Bock,  Wemyss  at  Broad 
River,  and  Tarleton  at  Blackstock. 

2.  It  is  easy  to  familiarize  one's  self  to  scenes  of  distress  and 
suffering. 

157.  FA'N-TJM,  a  temple. 

1.  Profane,  to  desecrate.  I  Fanatic,  enthusiastic.  (57.) 

I  Profane,  secular.  (137.) 

1.  A  man's  hand,  tracing  unknown  characters  on  the  wall,  might 
well  terrify  (528)  a  monarch,  who  had  dared  to  profane  the  vessels 
of  the  sanctuary,  by  using  them  in  a  convivial  (579)  assembly. 

153.  FA'-KI,  to  be  spoken.    FA'T-TJS,  spoken. 


1.  Fatal,  mortal. 

2.  Preface,  introduction. 

3.  Prefatory,  introductory. 


Affability,  kindness  of  manner 

in  conversation.  (40.) 
Infancy,  childhood.  (125.) 


1.  At  the  taking  of  Quebec,  by  the  English,  in  1759,  Wolfe  and  Mont» 
calm  received  fatal  wounds. 


72  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

2.  Bunyan,  in  the  work  which  alone  was  sufficient  to  immortalize 
(314)  his  name,  says,  in  his  preface,  that,  in  answer  to  the  query  (428), 
"Shall  I  print  (410)  my  book,"  — 

"  Some  said,  'John,  print  it.'    Others  said,  •  Not  so.' 
Some  said, ' It  might  do  good.'    Others  said, '  No! '  " 

3.  In  1765,  while  the  Virginia  Legislature  were  discussing  the  Stamp 
Act,  Patrick  Henry  rose  to  speak.  After  some  prefatory  remarks, 
scarcely  relevant  (255)  to  the  subject,  he  suddenly  poured  forth  a  tor- 
rent of  bitter  denunciation  (341)  against  the  British  Government,  and 
avowed  his  firm  conviction  that  the  mother  country  had  no  legitimate 
(256)  power  to  tax  the  Colonies. 

159.  FARI'N-A,  meal. 

1.  Farina,  the  flour  of  any  spe-  |  1.  Farinaceous,    consisting    of 
cies  of  corn.  meal. 

1.  During  the  war,  large  quantities  of  farinaceous  food,  such 
as  oat-meal,  farina,  corn-starch,  &c,  were  required  for  the  sick 
soldiers. 

160.  FES'S-TJM,  to  own,  to  declare. 

1.  Professed,  claimed. 

1.  Tyler,  although  elected  by  a  party,  who  professed  to  be  in  favor 
of  a  United  States  Bank,  vetoed  two  bills  rechartering  the  Bank,  its 
charter  having  expired  (499)  in  1836. 

161.  PE'BS-IS,  a  fever. 

1.  Feverish,  affected  by  fever.       |  1.  Febrile,  pertaining  to  fever. 

1.  In  17y9,  Washington,  while  superintending  (520)  his  plantation 
(387),  took  a  cold,  which  produced  inflammation  (180)  of  the  throat, 
and  a  feverish  condition  of  the  whole  system.  Every  effort  was 
made  to  subdue  the  inflammatory  (180)  and  febrile  symptoms,  but  it 
was  of  no  avail ;  the  disease  proved  irremediable  (286),  and  he  died  in 
a  few  hours. 

162.  FGE'D-TJS,  (FCED'ER-IS,)  a  league,  or  covenant. 

1.  Confederacy,  a  number  of 
States  united  by  a  league. 

1.  Federal,  pertaining  to  a  cov- 
enant. 

1.  Under  the  Confederacy,  the  Congress  had  no  power  to  levy  a 
tax;  while  the  Federal  Constitution  declares  that  "Congress  has 
power  to  lay  and  collect  taxes,  duties,  imposts"  (399). 


2.  Confederate,  one  joined  with 
others  in  a  league. 


I 
LATIN   ROOTS.  73 

2.  Blannerhasset  was  charged  with  being  a  confederate  of  Aaron 
Burr,  in  the  attempt  to  form  a  western  empire. 

163.  FE'L-IX,  (EELI'C-IS,)  happy. 

1.  Felicitous,  happy.  I  Felicity,  happiness.  (77.) 

2.  Felicitate,  to  congratulate.      I 

1.  The  felicitous  condition  of  the  Wyoming  Colony,  so  remote 
from  the  commotion  (316)  of  the  war,  made  them  disregard  the  danger 
of  their  defenceless  (165)  position,  until  too  late  to  remedy  it. 

2.  After  the  treaty  of  Aix-la-Chapelle,*  the  colonists  had  scarcely 
time  to  felicitate  themselves  on  the  restoration  of  peace,  when  hos- 
tilities again  commenced. 


Feminine,  pertaining  to  the  fe- 
male sex.  (41.) 


164.  FEM'IN-A,  a  woman. 

1.  Effeminate,  unmanly. 

2.  Effeminacy,    womanly    deli- 

cacy. 

1.  Nothing  but  confusion  (200)  and  turbulence  (546)  could  result 
from  the  reign  of  a  sovereign,  so  effeminate,  dilatory  (167),  and 
careless,  as  Charles  II. 

2.  Men  of  sagacity  (454)  assert,  that,  when  a  people  became  very 
prosperous  (498),  they  are  in  great  danger  of  effeminacy* 

165.  FEN'D-0, 1  strike.    FEN'S-TJM,  to  strike. 


1.  Defendant,  one  who  makes  a 

defence  in  a  prosecution. 

2.  Fender,  a  metallic   frame  to 

hinder  coals    of   fire   from 
rolling  on  the  floor. 
Defence,  protection.  (92.) 


Defenceless,    destitute  of  pro- 
tection. (163.) 
Defend,  to  protect.  (48.) 
Defensive,  resistingattack.(99.) 
Offence,  crime.  (23.) 
Offensive,  aggressive.  (25.) 


1.  In  1680,  a  suit  was  brought  by  Andross,  for  the  possession  (471) 
of  New  Jersey.  Sir  William  Jones  decided  against  Andross,  and  in 
favor  of  the  defendant. 

2.  It  is  related  of  a  Spanish  monarch,  that,  being  seated  too  near 
the  fendev  for  comfort  (189),  and  no  attendant  being  at  hand,  the 
exquisite,  (428)  formality  (187)  of  court  etiquette  would  not  allow  him 
to  move  himself.     He  was,  therefore,  nearly  roasted. 

166.  FE'R-A,  a  wild  beast, 
Ferocious,  savage.  (14.)  |  Fierce,  furious.  (117.) 

*  Pronounced  Sks-la-shctrpW. 


74 


THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


167.  FE'B-O,  I  bear,  I  carry.    LA'T-UM,  to  bear,  to  carry. 


1.  Confer,  to   consult  one  with 

another. 

2.  Deference,  a  yielding  of  judg- 

ment out  of  respect  to  an- 
other. 

3.  Elate,    to   render   proud   by 

success. 

3.  Dilate,  enlarge  upon. 

4.  Proffer,  to  offer. 

4.  Oblation,  a  sacrifice. 

5.  Preference,  predilection. 

5.  Relative,  kinsman. 

6.  Translate,  to  interpret  into 

another  language. 

7.  Pestiferous,    producing    the 

plague. 


Conference,  a  meeting  for  con- 
sultation. (120.) 
Defer,  to  put  off.  (91.) 
Dilatory,   disposed  to  put  off. 

(164.) 
Infer,    to    draw   a    conclusion. 

(147.) 
Legislature,'  the     law-making 

power.  (6.) 
Reference,  relation.  (4.) 
Relation,  connection.  (47.) 
Suffering,  distress.  (34.) 
Transfer,  to  convey  to  another. 

(131.) 
Vociferous,  making  loud  vocal 

sounds.  (31.) 


1.  When  Harrison  marched  against  the  Indians,  in  1811,  they  asked 
that  an  opportunity  (402)  to  confer  might  be  afforded,  before  they  de- 
cided on  his  proposition  (399).  Harrison  suspected  (497)  that  this  was 
only  a  pretext  (530),  and  the  sequel  (476)  showed  his  surmise  (305)  to  be 
correct. 

2.  The  Mosaic  law,  and  also  the  Roman  law,  enjoin  (242)  defer* 
ence  to  the  aged. 

3.  The  victory  of  Gates,  in  1777,  seemed  to  elate  him  beyond 
measure;  and,  for  months,  he  could  do  little  else  than  dilate  on  the 
magnitude  (278)  of  his  achievements,  and  malign  (279)  both  the  motives 
and  management  of  Washington. 

4.  It  was  sacrilege  (453)  to  proffer,  as  an  oblation,  any  animal 
that  was  infirm  (177),  or  injured  in  any  way. 

5.  The  preference  which  Queen  Elizabeth  felt  for  Raleigh,  a 
relative  of  Gilbert,  induced  her,  to  transfer  the  patent  to  her 
favorite. 

6.  It  is  necessary  to  apply  (392)  ourselves  closely  to  the  acquisition 
(428)  of  a  language  (262),  in  order  to  translate  with  facility. 

7.  During  the  Great  Plague,  in  1665,  Newton  escaped  from  the 
pestiferous  air  of  London,  and  remained  in  the  country,  where  he 
discovered  the  great  principle  of  gravitation. 

168.  FERU'L-A,  a  plant,  (giant-fennel.) 

1.  Ferule,  to  punish  by  striking  with  a  piece  of  wood  like  a  flat 
ruler. 

1.  Anciently,  the  stalks  of  fennel,  or  the  "ferula,"  were  used  to 
punish  children;  hence  the  expression,  "to  ferule  a  child." 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


15 


169.  FER'VE-O,  I  boil,  I  am  hot. 


1.  Fervor,  zeal. 

2.  Effervescence,  ebullition 


3.  Fermentation,  that  change,  by 
which  substances  are  decom- 
posed, and  their  elements 
form  new  compounds. 

1.  Large  numbers  of  persons  used  to  congregate  (212)  around  Peter 
the  Hermit,  attracted  (538)  by  the  fervor,  with  which  he  would  portray 
(538)  the  advantages  to  be  derived  (445),  from  joining  the  Crusades, 
and  rescuing  the  Holy  Sepulchre  from  the  hands  of  the  infidels  (171). 

2.  Soda-water,  in  a  state  of  effervescence,  is  agreeable  to  the 
taste;  but  when  that  has  passed  off,  it  becomes  very  insipid  (461). 

3.  To  commemorate  the  Passover,  the  Israelites  were  commanded  to 
eat  bread,  which  had  not  gone  through  the  process  of  fermentation,* 


170.  FES'T-TJM,  a  feast. 

1.  Festivity,  gayety. 

2.  Infest,  to  harass. 

3.  Festive,  joyful. 


4.  Festival,  an  occasion  of  re- 
joicing. 
Infested,  harassed.  (47.) 


1.  Rahl  was  engaged  in  the  festivity  incident  to  Christmas,  when 
surprised  by  Washington,  at  the  battle  of  Trenton. 

2.  From  the  settlement  of  Ohio,  in  1788,  until  Wayne's  victory,  in 
1794,  the  Indians  continued  to  infest  her  western  frontier. 

3.  From  time  immemorial  (290),  it  has  been  customary  to  make  the 
birthday  a  festive  occasion. 

4.  Job's  sons  were  together,  enjoying  some  festival,  when  a  whirl- 
wind destroyed  the  house,  and  all  in  it  save  one. 


171.  FI'D-0, 1  trust. 

1.  Diffidence,  distrust  of  one's 

self. 

2.  Confide,  to  impart  secretly. 

3.  Infidelity,  disbelief. 

4.  Affianced,  betrothed. 


Confidence,  trust.  (45.) 
Confidential,  private.  (123.) 
Fidelity,     faithful     adherence. 

(45.) 
Infidels,  unbelievers.  (169.) 
Perfidy,  treachery.  (66.) 

1.  The  diffidence  shown  by  Washington,  in  undertaking  such  an 
important  commission  (305),  as  the  remonstrance  against  the  French 
encroachments,  only  served  to  elevate  (255)  him,  in  the  estimation  of 
the  Governor.  * 

2.  The  thing  that  a  child  is  not  willing  to  confide  to  his  mother, 
is  generally  wrong. 

3.  The  infidelity  of  Ethan  Allen,  and  his  belief  in  the  transmigra- 
tion (295)  of  souls,  afforded  no  solace  (489),  when  death  came  to  claim 
his  beloved  daughter. 

7 


76  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

4.  Prince  Charles,  having  been  affianced  to  the  Infanta  of  Spain, 
determined  to  visit  her ;  but  on  his  way,  he  fell  in  love  with  Henrietta 
of  France,  and  afterwards  married  her. 

172.  FI'G-O,  I  fix,  I  fasten.    FIX'-UM,  to  fix,  to  fasten. 
1.  Transfix,  to  pierce  through.     |   Prefix.* 

1.  The  bare  recital  of  the  atrocities  of  the  Wyoming  massacre,  was 
sufficient  to  transfix  the  listener  with  horror. 

173.  FIL'I-US,  a  son.    FIL'I-A,  a  daughter. 
Filial,  pertaining  to  a  son  or  daughter.  (57.) 

174.  FIN'G-O,  I  form,  I  fashion.    FIC'T-UM,  to  form,  to  fashion. 

1.  Fiction,  a  feigned  story.  |  3.  Effigy,  an  image. 

2.  Fictitious,  imaginary.  | 

1.  Defoe's  "Robinson  Crusoe"  is  a,  fiction;  yet  everything  de- 
picted in  it,  seems  like  a  reality  (441). 

2.  To  witness  distress,  which  we  do  not  attempt  to  alleviate  (255), 
renders  the  heart  less  sensitive  (473).  Novels  (335)  depict  only  fic- 
titious suffering,  which  requires  no  effort  for  its  relief;  therefore, 
the  effect  of  such  reading  is  to  harden  the  heart,  and  make  it  callous 
and  indifferent. 

3.  That  sagt  (454)  observer,  Benjamin  Franklin,  endeavored,  from 
the  commencement  of  the  difficulties,  to  convince  the  British  Govern- 
ment, that  it  was  useless  to  contend.  "  I  do  not  extenuate"  (523),  said 
he,  "  such  acts  as  burning  the  King  in  effigy 9  and  treating  his  repre- 
sentative (511)  with  contumely  (544);  but  the  Americans  have  had  great 
provocation  (580) ;  and  if,  as  all  the  signs  portend  (520),  they  resort  to 
arms,  you  will  find  them  invincible"  (573). 


2.  Figurative,  representing  by 
figures. 
Figure,  a  character.  (151.) 


175.  FIGITB-A,  an  image 

1.  Transfiguration,  the  super- 
natural change  in  appear- 
ance of  our  Saviour  on  the 
Mount. 

1.  A  little  infant  scholar,  when  asked,  how  she  knew  that  people 
lived  after  death,  said,  "  Because  Moses  and  Elias  were  at  the  trans- 
figuration." 

2.  The  figurative  language  of  "Paradise  Lost,"  is  very  similar 
to  that  of  the  Bible. 

*  To  learn  the  correct  use  of  other  derivatives  of  figo,  fixum,  study  the  etymological 
definitions  on  page  7. 


LATIN  ROOTS.  11 


3.  Confines,  frontiers. 

4.  Indefinite,  not  precise. 

5.  Finite,  limited. 
Confinement,  restraint.  (12.) 
Finally,  ultimately.  (14.) 
Infinite,  limitless.  (135.) 


176.  FI'N-IS,  the  end  or  limit. 

1.  Affinity,  attraction  which 
exists  between  the  particles 
of  bodies. 

1.  Definition,*  a  short  descrip- 

tion. 

2.  Definitive,  conclusive. 

3.  Definite,  precise. 

1.  The  affinity  which  the  particles  of  one  body  have  for  those  of 
another,  enables  chemists  to  perform  many  interesting  experiments.* 

2.  The  definitive  treaty  between  England  and  the  United  States, 
omitted  to  make  any  provision  for  the  collection  of  debts,  due  to  Brit- 
ish creditors. 

3.  Jay's  treaty,  in  1795,  was  definite  on  the  subject  of  debts,  con- 
tracted prior  (412)  to  the  war;  and  it  also  provided  for  the  evacuation 
of  all  posts  still  held  by  the  British,  on  the  confines  of  the  United 
States. 

4.  The  intelligence  from  the  army  was  very  indefinite,  but  such 
was  the  distraction  (538)  consequent  on  the  approach  of  the  British,  in 
1777,  that  Congress  determined  to  remove  (316)  to  Lancaster,  and  many 
citizens  transported  thither  their  movables  (316). 

5.  Many  things  transcend  (465)  man's  finite  powers.  How  incom- 
prehensible (409)  is  the  omnipresent  (345)  and  omniscient  (345)  God ! 


Infirmary,  an  hospital. 
Affirmative,  expressing  as- 
sent. (144.) 
Infirm,  weak.  (167.) 


177.  FIB/M-US,  strong. 

1.  Firmament,  the  heavens. 

2.  Confirmation,  proof. 

3.  Affirmation,  solemn  assever- 

ation. 
3.  Affirm,  assert. 

1.  Light  was  created  on  the  first  day,  yet  it  was  not  till  the  fourth 
day,  that  the  great  luminary  (276)  was  placed  in  the  firmament. 

2  The  garrison  at  Fort  Mimms  heard  of  the  intended  attack ;  but 
as  the  report  needed  confirmation,  the  commander  resisted  all 
importunity  (402)  to  send  for  more  troops. 

3.  Before  he  (the  President)  shall  enter  on  the  duties  of  his  office, 
he  shall  take  the  following  affirmation :  —  "I  do  solemnly  affirm, 

*  The  following  experiment,  which  illustrates  the  definition  of  affinity,   can 

be  easily  tried.  Take  one  pair  of  dirty  hands,  two  quarts  of  soft  water  (warm  is  better), 
and  a  small  quantity  of  soap.  Apply  the  soap  to  the  hands,  and  then  immerse  them  In 
the  water;  bring  them  in  contact  with  each  other,  and  rub  briskly, when  the  particles 
of  dirt,  having  a  greater  affinity  for  the  soap  than  for  the  hands,  will  leave  the  Jiands, 
and  pass  into  the  soapy  water.  This  experiment  will  always  succeed,  if  the  above  direc- 
tions are  carefully  followed. 


78  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

that  I  will  faithfully  execute  (476)  the  office  of  President  of  the  United 
States,  and  will,  to  the  best  of  my  ability,  preserve  (479),  protect  (518), 
and  defend  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States." 

4.  In  Girard  College,   there   is  an  apartment  (365)  used  as  an  in- 
firmary, or  hospital  (223). 

178.  FIS'C-TJS,  a  money-bag. 


1.  Confiscated,  appropriated,  as 
a  penalty,  to  public  use. 


Confiscation,  transfer  of  for- 
feited goods  to  public  use. 
(84.) 

1.  During  the  Revolutionary  War,  the  States  confiscated  the  prop- 
erty of  those  who  continued  to  adhere  (216)  to  the  royal  cause. 

179.  FLA'GK-O,  I  burn. 

1.  Flagrant,  enormous.  I  Conflagration,     an     extensive 

2.  Flagrancy,  enormity.  fire.  (58.) 

1.  During  the  Revolution  in  France,  the  most  flagrant  crimes 
were  committed,  by  those  who  had  been  accustomed  to  inveigh  (556) 
against  the  nobles,  for  similar  atrocities. 

2.  When  the  Revolution  in  France  was  over,  people  were  astonished 
at  the  flagrancy  of  the  crimes,  which  had  been  committed  in  the 
name  of  Liberty. 

180.  FLAM'M-A,  a  flame. 

Inflame,  to  irritate.  (142.) 
Inflammable,  easily  set  on  fire. 
(148.) 


Inflammation,  diseased  heat  of 
the  body.  (161.) 

Inflammatory,  accompanied  with 
preternatural  heat.  (161.) 

181.  FLEC'T-0,  I  bend.    FLEX'-TJM,  to  bend. 

1.  Inflexible,  obstinate.  Reflect,  to  throw  back.  (120.) 

2.  Flexible,  pliable. 

1.  Every  effort  to  induce  Jackson  to  re-charter  the  United  States 
Rank,  was  unavailing ;  he  remained  inflexible,  and  ordered  William 
J.  Duane  to  remove  the  deposits. 

2.  By  using  gutta-percha,  we  can  have  a  flexible  tube,  convenient 
for  many  purposes. 

182.  FLTG-0,  I  beat,  I  dash.    FLIC'T-TJM,  to  beat,  to  dash. 


3.  Afflict,  to  trouble. 
Inflict,  to  impose.  (52.) 


1.  Conflict,  contest. 

2.  Profligate,  dissolute. 
2.  Affliction,  suffering. 

1.  After  a  long  conflict,  in  South  Carolina,  all  laws  which  were 
unjust  (244)  to  the  Huguenots,  were  abrogated  (447)  in  1797. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  19 

2.  The  administration  of  the  profligate  Lord  Cornbury,  caused 
much  affliction  in  New  York  and  New  Jersey,  from  1702  to  1707. 

3.  In  the  leprosy,  which  continues  to  afflict  the  inhabitants  of 
Eastern  countries,  the  flesh  assumes  a  tumid  (544)  appearance,  the 
limbs  are  tremulous  (539),  and  the  sufferer  soon  becomes  a  vagabond 
(6£4). 

183.  FLO,  I  blow.    FLA'T-UM,  to  blow. 

1.  Inflate,  to  fill  with  air. 

1.  To  inflate  the  lungs,  we  must  stand  erect,  expand  the  chest  to 
its  full  size,  and  then  make  a  long  inspiration  (499). 

184.  FLOS,  (FLO'R-IS,)  a  flower. 

1.  Efflorescence,  an  appearance 

resembling  flowers. 

2.  Florist,  a  cultivator  of  flow- 

ers. 
2.  Floral,  pertaining  to  flowers. 

1.  A  beautiful  efflorescence 9  which  appears  on  the  snow  in 
Greenland,  has  given  it  the  name  of  "  Red  Snow." 

2.  A  florist  thinks  himself  very  fortunate  (188),  if  he  can  add  one 
new  specimen  (497)  to  the  floral  beauties  of  his  green-house. 

3.  Magnus,  a  noted  depredator  (408)  from  Norway,  made  an  attempt 
to  ravage  (437)  England,  in  the  reign  (438)  of  William  Rufus,  so  called 
from  his  florid  complexion  (392). 

4.  Many  plants,  which  are  fruit-bearing  in  their  native  (324)  country, 
are  only  floriferous  when  exotics. 

5.  Trees  and  flowers  flourish  in  England,  on  account  of  the 
humidity  (225)  of  the  air. 

185.  FLTT-0, 1  flow.    FLUX'-TJM,  to  flow. 


3.  Florid,  having  a  lively  red 

color. 

4.  Floriferous,  bearing  flowers. 

5.  Flowers,  shrubs. 

5.  Flourish,  are  in  vigor. 


1.  Fluency,  readiness  of  speech. 

1.  Fluent,*  ready  in  the  use  of 

.  words. 

2.  Fluctuate,  to  wave. 

3.  Confluence,  junction. 

3.  Fluctuation,  undulation. 

4.  Affluence,  wealth. 


5.  Influential,  powerful. 

6.  Influx,  coming  in. 

6.  Superfluity,    a    superabun- 
dance. 

7.  Superfluous,   more    than    is 
wanted. 

Influence,  power.  (47.) 

1.  Whitfield  possessed  great  fluency  of  speech,  and  his  passionate 
(368)  appeals  to  his  hearers,  to  attend  to  religion  (260),  were  frequently 
followed  by  the  conversion  of  hundreds. 

2.  A  very  light  wind  will  cause  the  surface  of  the  ocean  to  fluctu- 
ate sufficiently  to  produce  sea-sickness. 

*  Whitfield  was  very  fluent*  and  his  passionate,  &c 
7* 


80  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

3.  At  the  confluence  of  two  rapid  (437)  streams,  the  fluctua- 
tion of  the  water  is  very  great. 

4.  Robert  Morris,  in  the  midst  of  affluence,  was  willing  not  only 
to  entertain  (521)  the  officers,  but  to  provide  sustenance  (521)  for  the 
privates. 

5.  Formerly,  Spain  was  one  of  the  most  influential  nations  of 
Europe  ;  but  the  suicidal  (510)  policy  adopted  by  her  rulers,  has  greatly 
diminished  her  power 

6.  On  the  discovery  of  gold  in  California,  it  was  thought,  that  the 
influx  of  that  commodity  (306)  would  be  so  great,  that  there  would  be 
a  superfluity. 

7.  We  can  find  a  ready  market  in  Europe  for  all  our  superfluous 
wheat. 

186.  FO'LI-TJM,  a  leaf. 


1.  Foliage,     a     collection      of 
leaves. 


Folio,  a  large  book,  in  which 
the  sheets  of  paper  are  folded 
only  once.  (109.) 

1.  When  within  ten  miles  of  Fort  Du  Quesne,  Braddock  was  startled 
by  a  shower  of  arrows  from  the  dense  foliage  of  the  surrounding 
woods. 


8.  Reformation,  correction. 

9.  Informality,  absence  of  some 

legal  form. 
9.  Formal,     according    to    pre- 
scribed rule. 
Conformity,  agreement.  (38.) 
Formality,   ceremoniousness. 

(165.) 
Formation,  shape.  (13.) 
Perform,  execute.  (144.) 


187.  FOR'M-A,  form ;  beauty. 

1.  Conform,  to  comply  with. 

2.  Deformity,  state  of  being  de- 

formed. 

3.  Informer,  informant. 

4.  Information,  intelligence. 

5.  Transformation,   change   of 

condition. 

6.  Transform,  to  change. 

6.  Performance,  achievement. 

7.  Uniformity,  conformity  to  a 

pattern. 

1.  The  Puritans,  unwilling  to  conform  to  the  law  prescribing 
ministerial  (299)  habiliments  (215),  and  many  other  things,  which  they 
could  not  approve  (414),  determined  to  emigrate  to  Holland. 

2.  Lord  Byron  was  morbidly  (312)  sensitive  on  the  subject  of  his 
deformity. 

3.  The  informer 9  who  apprised  (409)  General  Grey  of  the  locality 
of  Wayne's  troops,  must  have  felt  great  remorse  (313),  when  he  heard 
of  the  massacre. 

4.  When  information  of  the  surrender  of  Yorktown,  in  1781, 
was  brought  to  Philadelphia,  the  aged  doorkeeper  of  Congress  fell 
dead. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  81 

5.  What  a  transformation  have  railroads  effected  in  one  genera* 
lion  (204),  bringing  the  inhabitants  of  distant  sections  (469)  in  close 
contiguity  (517)  to  each  other. 

6.  Heathen  mythology  describes  (467)  beings  with  power  to  trans- 
form a  man  into  a  monster  (311);  thus,  Circe's  *  performance 
was  to  change  men  into  swine. 

7.  If  there  were  no  uniformity  in  the  money  of  the  United  States, 
there  would  be  more  counterfeit  coin. 

8.  To  diminish  (300)  the  amount  (310)  of  crime  among  the  junior  (245) 
members  of  society,  houses  of  reformation  have  been  established 
in  Massachusetts. 

9.  In  1690,  Allen,  having  purchased  Mason's  claim,  was  appointed 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire.  Some  informality  in  the  grant  to 
Mason,  caused  continual  (521)  disputes,  but  finally  the  Governor  made  a 
formal  surrender  of  the  land  to  the  settlers. 

188.  FOES,  (FOB'T-IS,)  chance. 

Fortunate,  successful.  (184.)        I  Misfortune,  calamity.  (13.) 
Fortuitous,  accidental.  (102.) 

189.  FOR'T-IS,  brave,  strong. 

1.  Fortify,     to    strengthen    by 

forts,  batteries,  &c. 

2.  Fortress,  a  fort. 
Comfort,  a  state  of  quiet  en- 
joyment. (165.) 

1.  Gage  determined  to  fortify  Boston,  in  case  of  a  rupture  (451) 
between  England  and  the  Colonies. 

2.  The  fortress  of  Ticonderoga  surrendered  in  1759  to  Amherst, 
in  1775  to  Ethan  Allen,  and  in  1777  to  Burgoyne. 

190.  FOS'S-A,  a  ditch,  or  trench. 

1.  Fossils,  substances  changed  into  stone. 

1.  Some  fossils  give  irrefragable  (191)  evidence,  that  there  has  been 
a  universal  deluge. 

191.  FBAN'G-O,  I  break.    FRAC'T-UM,  to  break. 

4.  Refractory,  contumacious. 

5.  Suffrage,  vote. 


Effort,  exertion.  (13.) 
Fortitude,  courage.  (57.) 
Fortification,    military    archi- 
tecture for  defence.    (58.) 


1.  Fracture,  a  breaking. 

2.  Fragment,  a  broken  part. 

2.  Fragile,  brittle. 

3.  Fragility,  brittleness. 

3.  Frailty,  state  :>f  being  easily 
destroyed. 


6.  Infraction,  violation. 

Infringement,  violation.  (22.) 
Irrefragable,   not  to  be  re- 
futed. (190.) 


*  Cir'cfs. 


82  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  In  the  battle  of  Vera  Cruz,  in  1836,  a  ball  struck  Santa  Anna, 
and  caused  a  fracture  of  his  leg. 

2.  On  the  bursting  of  the  Peacemaker,  in  1844,  &  fragment  of  the 
fragile  gun  struck  Mr.  Upshur,  Secretary  of  State,  killing  him 
instantly. 

3.  From  the  fragility  of  flowers,  a  sentimental  (473)  mind  is  led  to 
moralize  (315)  on  the  frailty  of  all  things  earthly. 

4.  In  1664,  Charles  II.  sent  over  commissioners  (305),  to  bring  the 
refractory  Colonies  of  New  England  to  obedience. 

5.  The  permanent  (281)  limitation  to  the  power  of  amendment  is,  as 
follows:  —  "No  State,  without  its  consent  (473),  shall  be  deprived  of 
its  equal  suffrage  in  the  Senate." 

6.  Fine  and  imprisonment,  is  the  penalty  for  every  infraction  of 
the  law,  which  requires  a  person  to  appear  in  court,  when  a  subpoena 
(376)  is  served  upon  him. 

192.  FRA'TER,  a  brother. 

1.  Fraternal,  brotherly.  I  3.  Fratricide,  the  murder  of  a 

2.  Fraternity,  brotherhood.  brother. 

1.  Penn's  determination,  to  treat  (538)  the  Indians  in  an  honorable 
(221)  manner,  and  to  compensate  (374)  them  for  everything  needed  by 
the  settlers,  served  to  pacify  (369)  the  Indians,  and  produce  the  most 
fraternal  feelings. 

2.  No  nobler  fraternity  can  be  found  in  history,  than  the  forty- 
one  men  who  sought  the  solitude  (490)  of  Massachusetts,  that  they 
might  enjoy  religious  freedom. 

3.  Had  Cain  subdued  every  feeling  of  jealousy  and  hatred,  he  would 
not  have  committed  the  crime  of  fratricide* 

193.  FRAUS,  (FRATJ'D-IS,)  deceit. 

Defraud,  to  cheat.  (152.)  |  Fraudulent,  treacherous.  (100.) 

194.  FRI'G-TJS,  (FRI'GOR-IS,)  cold. 

1.  Frigidity,  coldness.  |  2.  Frigid,  cold. 

1.  Arnold  and  Montgomery,  disregarding  the  frigidity  of  a  Cana- 
dian winter,  attacked  Quebec  on  the  last  night  of  1775. 

2.  The  frigid  atmosphere,  and  the  falling  snow,  increased  the 
misery  (303)  of  the  soldiers,  in  the  memorable  (290)  attack  on  Quebec. 

195.  FRONS,  (FRON'T-IS,)  the  forehead. 


1.  Confront,  to  meet  face  to  face. 

2.  Frontispiece,  a  picture  facing 

the  title-page. 


Frontiers,  borders.  (86.) 


LATIN    BOOTS. 


83 


1.  Hearing  that  Santa  Anna  was  advancing,  Taylor  resolved  (491) 
to  confront  him  at  Buena  Vista,  in  1847. 

2.  When  a  book  lies  open,  the  frontispiece  is  on  the  left-hand 
page,  the  vignette  on  the  right. 

196.  FRTJ'-OR,  I  enjoy.    FKU'IT-US,  to  enjoy. 

1.  Fruition,  pleasure  derived  from  possession. 

1.  By  patient  continuance  in  well-doing,  we  may  hope  for  the  frui- 
tion of  all  our  hopes,  in  another  world. 

197.  FU'G-IO,  I  flee.    FU'GIT-UM,  to  flee. 


Refugee,  one  who  flees  for  pro- 
tection. (38.) 


1.  Subterfuge,  evasion. 

Fugitive,  one  who  flees.  (13.) 
Refuge,  shelter.  (89.) 

1.  By  a  mean  subterfuge,  Col.  John  Butler  induced  Zebulon  But' 
ler  to  come,  with  his  force,  into  the  woods  of  Wyoming,  when  a  sud- 
den attack  was  made  upon  them. 

198.  FUL'GE-O,  I  shine. 

1.  Fulgency,  brightness.  I  Effulgence,  extreme  brilliancy. 

(46.) 

1.  The  opinion,  that  light  is  produced  only  by  the  fulgency  of  the 
sun,  is  not  unable  (521),  as  light  was  created  before  the  sun. 

199.  FTJ'M-TJS,  smoke. 

1.  Fumigation,  the    application 

of  vapor  as  a  disinfectant. 

2.  Perfume,  odor. 

1.  Many  substances  are  good  for  fumigation  /  such  as  coffee, 
tobacco,  sugar,  tar,  &c. 

2.  How  delightful  to  rusticate  (452),  where  the  primroses  (412)  diffuse 
(200)  a  sweet  perfume  through  the  room,  and  the  tendril  (521)  of  * 
the  vine  creeps  lovingly  into  the  window  of  our  tenement  (521),  and  all 
the  air  is  redolent  (344)  of  flowers. 

3.  In  the  manufacture  of  perfumery,  it  is  necessary  to  express 
(410)  the  essence  (511)  of  flowers. 

200.  FUN'D-0, 1  pour.    FU'S-TJM,  to  pour.  r 


3.  Perfumery,  perfumes  in  gen- 
eral. 


1.  Fusion,  state  of  being  dis- 
solved by  heat. 

1.  Fusible,  capable  of  being 
melted. 

1.  Fuse,  to  melt. 

2.  Effusion,  pouring  out. 


3.  Infuse,  to  instil. 

Confusion,  tumult.  (164.) 
Diffuse,  spread.  (199.) 
Profusion,  abundance.  (69.) 
Refusing,  declining.  (20.) 


84  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  Substances,  in  a  state  of  fusion,  are  called  liquids.  All  metali 
are  fusible  ;  but  intense  heat  is  requisite  (428)  to  fuse  iron. 

2.  The  humane  (220)  measures,  which  Penn  adopted  (348),  to  secure 
the  pacification  (369)  of  the  Indians,  prevented  the  effusion  of  blood, 
which  took  place  in  Virginia. 

3.  Washington  endeavored  to  infuse  fresh  spirit  and  energy  into 
the  troops,  by  promising  not  only  their  pay,  but  a  gratuity  (210),  to 
all  who  would  remain. 


201.  EUN'D-TJS,  a  foundation. 

1.  Profound,  intellectually  deep. 

2.  Found,  to  establish. 
Foundation,  basis  of  an  edi- 
fice. (56.) 


Fundamental,    lying     at     the 

foundation.  (99.) 
Profundity,  depth.  (37.) 


1.  Jefferson,  who  wrote  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  was  a 
profound  reasoner,  on  the  most  abstruse  (542)  subjects. 

2.  Lord  Clarendon,  and  the  seven  noblemen,  to  whom  Charles  II. 
granted  the  Carolinas,  had  the  most  extravagant  (554)  and  ludicrous 
(273)  ideas  of  the  empire,  they  expected  to  found  in  the  New  World. 

202.  GE'L-TJ,  frost,  cold. 

i.  Congeal,  to  freeze. 

1.  To  congeal  water,  the  thermometer  must  be  as  low  as  32 
degrees. 

203.  GE'R-0, 1  bear,  I  carry.    GES'T-UM,  to  bear,  to  carry. 

1.  Gesture,  a  movement  expres-     Indigestion,   the  state  of  food 

sive  of  emotion.  undissolved   in  the   stomach. 

2.  Gesticulation,  gesture.  (97.) 

1.  Lee's  division  was  making  a  retrograde  (207)  movement,  at  the 
battle  of  Monmouth,  when  Washington,  with  an  impatient  (368)  ges- 
ture, gave  an  imperative  (229)  order  for  them  to  advance. 

2.  When  Dover  was  burned,  in  1690,  the  Indians  gained  access  to 
Major  Waldron,  who  had  treated  them  with  great  injustice  (244),  and, 
with  frantic  gesticulation,  danced  around  the  old  man,  saying,  aa 
they  cut  him  with  their  knives,  "  Thus  I  cross  out  my  account." 

204.  GE'N-TJS,  (GEN'ER-IS,)  a  race;  a  family. 


1.  Genial,  causing  production. 

2.  Genius,  talent. 

3.  Genuine,  not  feigned. 

4.  General,  universal. 

4.  Progenitor,  forefather. 


,  Ingenious,  inventive. 

Congenial,  agreeable  to  the 
nature.  (102.) 

Generalize,  to  arrange  par- 
ticulars under  heads.  (112.) 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


85 


Gentility,  refinement.  (151.) 
Ingenuity,  acuteness.  (41.) 
Ingenuousness,  candor.  (125.) 


Generation,  the  period  at  which 

one    rank    follows    another. 

(187.) 
Generous,  nob.  e-minded.  (124.) 

1.  Notwithstanding  the  genial  climate  of  Virginia,  Lane  could  not 
induce  the  colonists  to  remain  on  Roanoke  Island. 

2.  The  genius  of  Locke  was  much  better  adapted  to  writing  a 
dissertation  (477)  on  abstract  (538)  subjects,  than  to  framing  a  Consti- 
tution. 

3.  Genuine  sorrow  was  exhibited,  by  the  people  of  Great  Britain, 
when  Washington  died. 

4.  As  the  deluge  was  general,  and  destroyed  all  but  one  family, 
Noah  is  the  great  progenitor  of  the  human  race. 

5.  The  large  number  of  patents  issued  every  week,  exhibit  the  in- 
genious character  of  Americans,  and  contribute  (541)  greatly  to  the 
wealth  of  the  nation. 


205.  GLA'DI-US,  a  sword. 

1.  Gladiatorial,  relating  to  the 
Roman  prize-fighters. 


1.  Gladiator,  a  prize-fighter  who 
fought  in  the  arena  for  the 
entertainment    of  the    Ro- 


mans. 

1.  The  gladiatorial  shows  in  Rome  were  witnessed  by  thousands, 
who  would  applaud  (389)  the  success  of  either  the  gladiator  or  the 
beast.  * 

206.  GLTJ'T-IO,  I  swallow. 
Glutton,  a  gormandizer.  (152.) 

207.  GRA'DI-OE,  I  go  step  by  step.    GBES'S-US,   to  go  step  by  step. 


1.  Gradation,  advance  step  by 

step. 

2.  Graduate,  receive  a  degree. 

3.  Degrades,  debases. 

4.  Degradation,  debasement. 

5.  Aggressions,  encroachments. 

6.  Transgresses,  violates. 

7.  Digressions,  wanderings  from 

the  main  subject. 

1.  John  Singleton  Copley,  a  poor  boy  of  Boston,  is  a  striking  in- 
stance (485)  of  what  can  be  effected  by  assiduous  (471)  attention  (520) 
to  business.  He  went  to  reside  (471)  in  England,  was  taken  into  the 
Government  service,  and  rose  by  regular  gradation,  until  he  be- 
came Lord  Chancellor  of  England. 


Congress,  the  legislative  depart- 
ment. (99.) 
Degree,  rank.  (10.) 
Gradual,   advancing  by   steps. 

(94.) 
Progress,  advancement.  (59.) 
Retrograde,  backward.  (203.) 
Transgression,  violation.  (57.) 


86 


THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


2.  Yaie  College,  where  so  many  of  our  erudite  men  graduate,  waa 
founded  in  1700. 

3.  To  use  bad  language,  so  degrades  the  character,  that  Washing- 
ton forbade  the  practice  in  the  army. 

4.  Commodore  Decatur  found  the  American  prisoners  in  a  state  of 
great  degradation.  He  compelled  (373)  the  Dey  to  release  them, 
and  to  relinquish  the  tribute  (541),  which  had  been  long  exacted. 

5.  The  aggressions  of  the  British,  on  the  rights  of  the  colonists, 
strengthened  their  determination  (525)  to  revolt  (584). 

6.  Disobedience  to  parents  not  only  transgresses  the  law  of  God, 
but  is  subversive  (565)  of  all  government. 

7.  In  giving  an  account  of  any  transaction,  stick  to  the  main  facts, 
and  avoid  useless  digressions, 

208.  GRAN'D-IS,  great. 

1.  Grandee,  a  man  of  high  rank.  I  2.  Grandeur,  magnificence. 

2.  Aggrandize,  to  increase. 

1.  Lord  Clarendon,  a  grandee  of  England,  received  from  Charles 
II.  a  large  tract  of  land,  which  he  called  Carolina. 

2.  In  1683,  Seth  Sothel,  &  proprietor  (416)  of  North  Carolina,  arrived 
as  Governor.  His  only  object  seemed  to  be  to  aggrandize  his  own 
wealth  and  power,  that  he  might  return  to*  England,  and  live  in 
grandeur. 


Granite,  a  rock  consisting  of 
several  minerals,  (quartz,  feld- 
spar, and  mica.)  (147.) 


209.  GRA'N- UM,  a  grain  of  corn. 

1.  Granivorous,  eating  grain. 

2.  Granary,   a     storehouse    for 

grain. 

1.  Man,  being  both  carnivorous  (585)  and  granivorous9  has  front 
teeth  (called  incisors)  for  cutting,  and  back  teeth  (called  molars)  for 
grinding. 

2.  A  liberal  (257)  man  will  compassionate  (368)  the  sufferings  of  the 
poor,  and  endeavor  to  ameliorate  (289)  their  condition,  by  dispensing 
(374)  corn  from  his  well-filled  granary. 


210.  GRA'T-US,  grateful,  pleasing. 

1.  Congratulate,  to  address  with 

expressions  of  sympathetic 
pleasure. 

2.  Gratitude,  thankfulness. 

3.  Ingratitude,  unthankfulness. 

4.  Gratuitous,    without     remu- 

neration. 

5.  Gracious,  benignant. 


5.  Gratis,  for  nothing. 

6.  Ingrate,  an  ungrateful  per- 
son. 

7.  Ingratiate,   to    commend  to 
the  favor  of  another. 

Gratified,  indulged.  (23.) 
Gratuity,  a  free  gift.  (200.) 
Grateful,  thankful.  (124.) 


LATIN  ROOTS.  8T 

1.  After  two  years  of  oppressive  (410)  rule,  by  Seth  Sothel,  the  peo- 
ple of  South  Carolina  banished  him,  and,  in  1695,  the  Carolinas  were 
able  to  congratulate  each  other,  on  the  wise  and  equitable  adminis- 
tration of  John  Arshdale. 

2.  The  people  showed  their  gratitude  to  the  hero  of  Brandywine, 
in  1824,  by  gifts  more  substantial  (485),  than  mere  honorary  (221)  titles. 

3.  Santa  Anna  charged  the  Mexicans  with  ingratitude,  and  bade 
them  remember  (290),  that  he  lost  a  leg,  while  fighting  for  them,  in  the 
battle  of  Vera  Cruz. 

4.  The  cession  of  Florida,  and  of  the  adjoining  (242)  islands  (233), 
to  the  United  States,  was  not  gratuitous  on  the  part  of  Spain. 

5.  The  Indians  frequently  resorted  to  Penn  in  their  difficulties,  and 
his  gracious  manner,  and  friendly  aid,  always  given  gratis,  did 
much  to  humanize  (220)  the  savages. 

6.  Retributive  (541)  justice  (244)  is  certain  to  visit  the  ingrate, 
who  treats  his  parents  with  unkindness  or  disrespect  (497). 

7.  Harvey,  when  sent  to  England  for  impeachment,  contrived  to 
ingratiate  himself  with  the  king,  and  to  insinuate  (484)  so  many 
doubts,  as  to  the  loyalty  of  the  Virginians,  that  the  king  sent  him  back 
the  same  year. 

211.  GKA'V-IS,  heavy,  grievous. 

1.  Grievous,  mournful. 
1.  Aggravation,     increase     (of 
evil). 
Aggravate,  increase  an  evil. 
(50.) 


Gravitation,   tendency  of  one 

body  towards  another.  (47.) 
Gravity,  seriousness.  (123.) 
Grief,  sorrow.  (125.) 
Grieve,  to  distress.  (123.) 

1.  It  was  grievous  to  witness  the  aggravation  of  the  suffer- 
ings of  the  soldiers  at  Valley  Forge,  by  the  intense  cold. 


Congregate,  to  assemble.  (169.) 
Congregation,     an     assembly. 
(47.) 


212.  GKEX,  (GKE'G-IS,)  a  flock. 

1.  Aggregate,  the  sum  of  many 

particulars. 

2.  Egregious,  remarkably  bad. 

1.  In  June,  1777,  a  large  force,  under  Burgoyne  and  St.  Leger, 
amounting,  in  the  aggregate,  to  10,000  men,  left  Canada,  to  invade 
New  York. 

2.  Clinton  started  from  New  York,  to  reinforce  Burgoyne,  but  com- 
mitted the  egregious  blunder,  of  stopping  to  burn  the  towns  on  the 
Hudson,  and  Burgoyne  was  compelled  to  surrender. 

213.  GUBEK/N-0  I  rule;  I  govern. 

1.  Gubernatorial  pertaining  to  I  1.  Govern,  to  rule, 
the  Governor. 
8 


Habitation,  a  place  of  abode. 

(19.) 
Habiliments,  garments.  (187.) 


88  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  While  Andross  occupied  the  gubernatorial  chair  of  New 
York,  he  made  several  ineffectual  attempts  to  govern  Connecticut. 
His  impotent  (403)  efforts  brought  upon  him  ridicule  (442)  and  con- 
tempt. 

214.  GTJS'T-TJS,  a  taste,  a  relish. 

1.  Disgusted,  excited  the  .aver-  I  Disgusting,  nauseous.  (138.) 
sion  of. 
1.  In  1692,  Wadsworth  disgusted  Governor  Fletcher,  by  refusing 
to  hear  him,  as  much  as  he  had  Andross,  by  refusing  to  discuss  (425) 
the  subject  of  the  charter. 

215.  HA'B-EO,  I  have.    HAB'lT-tJM,  to  have. 

1.  Habitual,  customary.  5.  Inhabitants,  residents. 

2.  Debilitated,  enfeebled.  Able,  capable.  (3.) 

3.  Habit,  custom.  Ability,  power.  (111.) 

4.  Prohibit,  to  forbid. 

5.  Inhabit,  dwell  in. 
5.  Exhibit,  show. 
5.  Debility,  feebleness. 

1.  The  present  tense  (519)  often  expresses  what  is  habitual,  uni- 
versal (551),  or  permanent;  as,  "The  sun  gives  light." 

2.  During  the  winter  of  1777-78,  hunger  and  exposure  (399)  had  so 
debilitated  the  soldiers  at  Valley  Forge,  that  nothing  could  be  more 
opportune  (402),  than  the  provisions  and  medical  stores,  left  by  the 
British  in  Philadelphia. 

3.  It  is  so  difficult  to  cure  a  bad  habit,  that  it  is  safest  not  to  form 
any. 

4.  An  Embargo  Law  is  a  law  to  prohibit  vessels  leaving  port  (401). 

5.  Those  who  inhabit  tropical  climates,  generally  exhibit  more 
debility  in  old  age,  than  the  inhabitants  of  colder  regions. 

216.  HJE'RE-0,  I  stick.    HJE'S-UM,  to  stick. 

1.  Incoherent,  inconsistent.  I  Adhere,  to  own  allegiance.  (178.) 

2.  Inherent,  innate.  |  Hesitate,  scruple.   (79.) 

1.  The  incoherent  ravings  (432)  of  the  prisoners,  confined  in  the 
Sugar  House,  who  were  in  a  state  of  inanition  (230),  from  want  of  food, 
&c,  excited  no  compassion  among  the  Tories. 

2.  The  inherent  right  of  all  men,  to  life,  liberty,  and  protection, 
is  fully  recognized  in  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

217.  HE'R-ES,  (HERE'D-IS,)  an  heir  or  heiress. 


1 .  Hereditary,  descended  by  in- 
heritance. 
I.  Inheritance,  patrimony. 


Disinherit,  to  cut  off  from  suc- 
cession. (79.) 


LATIN  ROOTS. 


89 


1.  Even  the  fiiends  of  John  Locke  ridiculed  (442)  the  idea  of  estab- 
lishing an  hereditary  order  of  nobility  (334),  among  a  people  sparsely 
(495)  scattered  through  the  wilderness,  whose  only  inheritance 
would  be  a  log  cabin. 

218.  HA'L-O,  I  breathe. 

1.  Exhales,  breathes  out.  I  Inhale,   to    draw  in  with  the 

Exhalations,  vapors.  (50.)        |       breath.  (106.) 

1.  A  robust  (446)  person  exhales  and  inhales  many  times  in  every 
minute. 


219.  HATJS'T-TJM,  to  draw. 

Exhaust,    to    draw    out    until 
nothing  is  left.  (98.) 

220.  HO'M-0,  a  man. 

Human,  belonging  to  mankind. 

(19.) 
Humane,  benevolent.  (200.) 
Humanize,  to  civilize.  (210.) 

221.  HO'NOB,  honor. 

Dishonest,  unjust.  (133.) 
Dishonor,  disgrace.  (68.) 
Honesty,  uprightness.  (141.) 


Inexhaustible,  unfailing.  (68.) 


Humanity,  the  nature  of  man. 

(34.) 
Homicide,  manslaughter.  (1.) 
Inhuman,  barbarous.  (82.) 


Honorable,  not  base.  (192.) 
Honorary,  intended  merely  to 
confer  honor.  (210.) 


222.  HOR'T-tTS,  a  garden. 

1.  Horticulture,  the  culture  of  gardens. 

1.  To  promote  horticulture^  the  Patent  Office  is  allowed  to  receive 
and  distribute  (541)  garden-seeds. 

223.  HOST-ES,  (H0S'PIT-ISf)  a  host  or  guest. 


1.  Hospitable,  kind  to  visitors. 
Hospital,  a  place  for  the  sick. 
(177.) 


Hospitality,  readiness  to  enter- 
tain strangers  without  reward. 
(129.) 


1.  Roger  Williams  expostulated  (405)  with  the  Council,  against  his 
banishment ;  but  finding  he  could  not  prevail  (555),  he  sought  refuge 
among  the  hospitable  Narragansetts* 

224.  HOS'T-IS,  an  enemy. 

Hosts,  multitudes.  (30.) 
Hostile,  adverse.  (9.) 
Hostility,  enmity.  (56.) 


Hostilities,  hostile  proceedings. 
(9.) 


90  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

225.  HU'M-US,  the  ground.    HU'MIL-IS,  humble. 

1.  Humiliation,  mortification.       I   Humid,  damp.  (50.) 

2.  Exhumed,  disinterred.  |   Humidity,  dampness.  (184.) 

1.  The  taking  of  Quebec,  by  the  British,  in  1759,  was  a  great 
humiliation  to  France. 

2.  Charles  II.  gave  orders  to  have  the  body  of  Cromwell  exhumed, 
and  exposed  to  the  insults  of  every  passer-by.  As  the  body  of  Crom- 
well was  not  entirely  decomposed  (399),  it  was  easy  to  prove  (414)  its 
identity  (226). 

226.  I'DEM,  the  same. 

Identical,  the  same.  (HI.)  I  Identify,    to    prove    sameness. 

Identity,  sameness.  (225.)  (47.) 

227.  IG'N-IS,  fire. 

1.  Ignited,  set  on  fire. 

1.  In  1777,  Col.  Return  Jonathan  Meigs  attacked  the  British  at  Sag 
Harbor,  captured  ninety  prisoners,  exploded  (389)  the  magazines,  and 
ignited  the  vessels  in  the  harbor. 

228.  IMA'G-0,  (IMAG'IN-IS,)  an  image. 


1.  Imagination,  fancy. 
Image,  statue.  (88.) 


Imaginary,  fancied.  (47.) 
Imagery,   figurative  representa- 
tion. (46.) 

1.  Imagination  can  scarcely  depict  (383)  a  more  desolate  (490) 
situation,  than  that  of  the  Colony  of  Virginia,  isolated  (233),  as  it  was, 
from  all  the  world,  and  surrounded  by  Indians,  who  were  resolved  to 
effect  its  extirpation  (505). 


Imperial,  pertaining  to  an  em- 
peror. (77.) 
Imperious,  overbearing.  (47.) 


229.  IM'PER-O,  I  command. 

^jfc  Empire,  the  dominion  of  an  em- 
peror. (57.) 
Emperor,  a  monarch.  (77.) 
Imperative,  authoritative.  (203.) 

230.  INA'N-IS,  empty. 
Inanition,  exhaustion.  (216.) 

231.  IN'DEX,  (IN'DIC-IS,)  a  sign;  a  pointer. 

1.  Index,  a  table  of  contents. 

1.  A  scientific  work  is  generally  provided  with  an  index  and  a 
vocabulary  (580). 


LATIN   ROOTS.  91 

232.  IN'FER-US,  below. 

1.  Infernal,  pertaining  to  the  1  Inferior,  lower  in  place.  (65.) 
lower  regions. 

1.  "Stygian,"  in  Heathen  Mythology,  refers  to  the  Styx,  a  river  of 
the  infernal  regions. 


233.  IN'SUL-A,  an  island. 

1.  Insulate,  to  isolate. 

2.  Insular,     belonging    to    an 

island. 


Islands,   portions  of  land   sur- 
rounded by  water.  (210.) 
Isolated,  placed  by  itself.  (228. ) 

1.  Clinton   hoped,  by  forming  a  junction  (242)  with  Burgoyne,  to 
insulate  New  England  from  the  Middle  States. 

2.  The  insular  position  of  England  led  to  the  passage  of  the  Navi- 
gation (326)  Acts,  intended  to  increase  her  commerce. 

234.  IN'TEG-ER,  whole. 
Integrity,  purity  of  mind.  (141.) 

235.  IN'T-US,  or  IN'TR-A,  within. 

1.  Intrinsic,  inherent.  I  Intimate,  familiar.  (64.) 

Interior,  internal.  (109.)  I  Intimation,  hint.  (82.) 

1.  The  amount  of  pleasure  we  feel,  on  receiving  a  gift,  does  not 
depend  on  its  intrinsic  value,  but  on  the  feeling  which  prompted  it. 

236.  I'R-A,  anger. 
Irascible,  easily  made  angry.  (4.) 

237.  I'TER,  (ITIN'ER-IS,)  a  journey.    I'TER-0, 1  repeat. 

Iterate,  to  go  over  again.  (88.)    I  Eeiterate,  to  repeat  again  and 
Itinerant,  wandering.  (68.)  again.  (47.) 

238.  JA'C-EO,  I  lie. 

1.  Circumjacent,  lying  round.      |  Adjacent,  situated  near.  (56.) 

1.  Florida,   and  the  circumjacent  islands,   were  ceded  to  the 
United  States  in  1821. 

239.  JA'C-IO,  I  throw.    JAC'T-UM,  to  throw. 


1.  Conjectured,  surmised. 

2.  Eject,  to  expel. 

3.  Dejection,      depression      of 

spirits. 
Abject,  mean.  (103.) 
Dejected,  depressed.  (129.) 
8* 


Ejaculation,  the  uttering  of  a 
short  prayer,  in  the  midst  of 
other  occupations.  (64.) 

Subject,  that  which  is  acted 
upon.  (27.) 

Subjected,  made  liable.  (29.) 


92  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  Washington  conjectured 9  that  Howe  intended  to  attack  New 
York,  after  the  evacuation  of  Boston. 

2.  Dunmore,  the  last  royal  Governor  of  Virginia,  was  regarded  with 
great  aversion  (565)  by  the  colonists.  When  the  Revolution  com- 
menced, they  determined  to  tolerate  (533)  him  no  longer,  but  to  eject 
him  by  force. 

3.  The  loss  of  Charleston,  and  the  defection  of  the  traitor  (537) 
Arnold,  in  1780,  caused  the  greatest  dejection  in  the  American  army, 
and  a  few  of  the  more  timorous  (531)  citizens  joined  the  Loyalists. 

240.  JO'C-US,  a  joke. 

1.  Jocular,  jocose.  |  2.  Jocularity,  gayety. 

1.  "Colonel  Washington  is  very  illiterate  (267),  and  cannot  subscribe 
(467)  his  name  to  a  document,"  said  Tarleton,  who  had  been  wounded 
by  him  at  Cowpens.  "Ah!  Colonel,"  retorted  (535)  Mrs.  Jones,  in  a 
jocular  manner,  "you  bear  evidence  (571)  that  he  can  make  his 
mark  " 

2.  The  jocularity  of  Charles  II.,  and  his  sociable  (486)  disposition 
(399),  made  him  a  general  favorite. 

241.  JU'DIC-0, 1  judge.    JUDICA'T-TJM,  to  judge. 

1.  Judicious,  wise.  Judiciary,  the  system  of  courts 

2.  Judicial,  pertaining  to  courts  of  justice.  (71.) 

of  jusitce.  Prejudicial,  injurious.  (47.) 

3.  Judicatory,  a  tribunal.  Prejudice,  opinion  formed  with- 

out due  examination.  (47.) 

1.  By  judicious  management  (282),  Scott,  who  was  sent  to  super- 
sede  (471)  Atkinson,  induced  Black  Hawk  to  conclude  treaties,  ceding 
nearly  the  whole  of  Iowa  and  Wisconsin. 

2.  John  Jay,  who  was  at  the  head  of  the  Judicial  Department  (365), 
under  Washington,  was  an  excellent  linguist  (262),  as  well  as  an  able 
lawyer. 

3.  To  give  false  testimony  (529),  when  called  to  testify  before  a 
judicatory,  is  not  only  to  perjure  (243)  one's  self,  but  to  commit  a 
crime  which  tends  to  subvert  (565)  the  very  foundations  of  society. 

242.  JUN'G-0, 1  join.    JTJNC'T-UM,  to  join. 


Enjoin,  command.  (167.) 
Junction,  union.  (233.) 
Subjugate,  conquer.  (3.) 


1.  Adjuncts,  things  joined. 

2.  Conjuncture,  combination. 
Adjoining,  next.  (210.) 
Conjugal,   relating   to    mar- 
riage. (117.) 

1.  The  relative,  with  its  adjuncts 9  should  be  placed  near  its  ante- 
cedent, to  prevent  (55*))  ambiguity. 


LATIN   ROOTS.  93 

2.  The  invention  of  the  mariner's  compass,  the  discovery  of  America, 
and  the  invention  of  printing,  formed  a  conjuncture  of  circum- 
stances, very  favorable  to  the  dissemination  (472)  of  knowledge. 

243.  JTJ'R-0,  I  swear. 


1.  Conjure,  to  practise  magical 

arts. 

2.  Conjured,  implored  earnestly. 


Jury,  a  set  of  men  sworn  to  give 

a  true  verdict.  (146.) 
Perjure,  to  forswear.  (241.) 
Perjury,  false  swearing.  (57.) 

1.  Although  the  magicians  of  Chaldea  professed  to  conjure,  they 
could  not  read  the  handwriting  on  the  wall. 

2.  Washington  conjured  the  settlers  of  Wyoming  and  Cherry  Val- 
ley, to  fly  from  the  impending  (374)  danger. 


244.  JUS,  (JU'B-IS,)  justice;  law. 

1.  Jurisprudence,  science  of  law. 

2.  Jurisdiction,  extent  of  power. 
Adjust,  to  set  right.  (57.) 
Injurious,  hurtful.  (57.) 


Injustice,  iniquity.  (203.) 
Justice,    merited     punishment. 

(210.) 
Unjust,  iniquitous.  (182.) 

1.  Rufus  Choate  and  Daniel  Webster  were  noted  for  their  knowledge 
of  jurisprudence, 

2.  In  1688,  New  York  and  New  Jersey  were  included  in  the  juris- 
diction of  Andross,  although  his  claim  to  New  Jersey  had  already 
been  contested  (529). 

245.  JU'VEN-IS,  young. 

Junior,  younger.  (187.)  |  Juvenile,  youthful.  (76.) 

246.  LA'B-OR,  labor. 

Elaborate,  wrought  with  labor.  1  Laborious,  tiresome.  (134.) 
(16.)  ' 

247.  LA'B-OR,  I  fall.    LAP'S- US,  to  fall. 

1.  Collapse,   to  fall  inward  or  I  2.  Elapsed,  passed  away. 

together.  |  3.  Relapse,  to  fall  back  again. 

1.  Engineers  are  trying  to  discover,  what  it  is  which  causes  a  boiler 
to  collapse* 

2.  But  fourteen  years  elapsed,  after  the  settlement  of  Ohio,  before 
it  became  a  State. 

3.  When  charges  of  immorality  (315)  were  brought  against  Aaron 
Burr,  Washington  adopted  the  most  lenient  (254)  measures,  expostu- 
lated with  him  in  private  (413),  and  when  he  promised  to  improve  (414), 
put  him  on  probation  (414).     But  Burr's  negligence  (253)  caused  him  to 


94  THE   MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

relapse  into  his  old  habits ;  and  as  he  showed  no  signs  of  penitence 
(376),  Washington,  after  much  deliberation  (259),  dismissed  (305)  him 
from  his  staff. 

248.  LA'P-IS,  (LAFID-IS,)  a  stone. 
Dilapidation,  demolition.  (135.) 

249.  LA'T-US,  broad. 

Latitude,  distance  from  the  equator,  either  north  or  south.  (85.) 

250.  LA'T-TJS,  (LAT'EB-IS,)  a  side. 

1.  Equilateral,    having    equal  I  2.  Collateral,  on  the  side  of. 
sides.  I 

1.  It  is  impossible  for  a  right-angled  triangle  to  be  equilateral. 

2.  The  Treaty  of  Ghent  settled  some  collateral  questions,  but 
made  no  mention  of  the  main  point  at  issue,  viz.,  the  impressment 
of  American  seamen. 

251.  LATJS,  (LAU'D-IS,)  praise. 

1.  Laudable,  praiseworthy.  1  Laudatory,  expressive  of  praise. 

Laud,  praise.  (8.)  (142.) 

1.  The  settlement  of  Georgia,  in  1733,  resulted  from  the  laudable 
desire  of  some  benevolent  (582)  gentlemen,  to  provide  an  asylum  for  the 
oppressed  (410)  of  all  nations. 

252.  LE'G-0, 1  send  as  an  ambassador;  I  bequeath.  LEGA'T-UM,  to 
send  as  an  ambassador ;  to  bequeath. 


Colleague,  a  fellow  ambassador 

or  officer.  (92.) 
Legation,  a  deputation.  (92.) 


1.  Allegations,  declarations. 

2.  Delegate,  a  commissioner. 
Delegated,   intrusted  to  an- 
other. (146.) 

1.  King  Charles  considered  the  allegations  against  Harvey  insig- 
nificant (481),  and  easily  disproved  (414),  and  sent  him  back  to  Virginia 
the  same  year. 

2.  Rhode  Island  was  the  only  State,  that  did  not  adopt  a  State  Con- 
stitution during  the  Revolution,  and  the  only  one  that  did  not  send  a 
delegate  to  the  Convention  in  1787. 

253.  LE'G-O,  I  gather,  I  select,  I  read.  LEC'T-UM,  to  gather,  to  se- 
lect, to  read. 


1.  Legible,  that  can  be  read. 

2.  Legend,  narrative  of  fabulous 

character. 

3.  Dialects,  peculiar  modes  of 

speech. 


3.  Intelligible,  that  can  be  un- 
derstood. 
Collect,  gather  together.  (75.) 
Diligent,  industrious.  (76.) 
Eligible,  fit  to  be  chosen.  (4.) 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


95 


Election,  the   act  of  choosing.      Lecture,   a  discourse  designed 
(57.)  to    communicate    formal     in- 

Intellect,  understanding.  (144.)  struction.  (48.) 

Negligence,  inattention.  (247.) 

1.  A  very  ancient  and  legible  copy  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  has 
recently  been  found  in  Russia. 

2.  According  to  an  Indian  legend,  "  Alabama  "  means,  "  Here  I  lay 
my  bones." 

3.  In  a  great  many  dialects 9  there  is  a  word  meaning  "  amen" 
and  so  similar  to  it,  that  it  is  intelligible  to  a  foreigner. 

254.  LE'N-IS,  mild,  gentle. 

1.  Lenity,   gentleness  of  treat-  I  Lenient,  mild.  (247.) 
ment.  • 

1.  Charles  II.,  on  the  restoration  of  monarchy,  strove  to  intimidate 
(531)  his  enemies  by  severity  (480),  rather  than  to  appease  them  by 
lenity. 


Elevate,  to  raise.  (171.) 
Relevant,  applicable.  (158.) 


255.  LE'V-0,  I  raise. 

1.  Levity,  lightness. 

2.  Irrelevant,  not  applicable. 
Alleviate,  to  lighten.  (174.) 

1.  A  person  need  not  be  a  devotee  (586),  to  avoid  levity  on  serious 
subjects. 

2.  The  reply  of  George  III.,  to  an  interrogation  (447),  was  frequently 
so  irrelevant,  as  to  excite  grave  doubts  as  to  his  sanity  (460). 

256.  LEX,  (LE'G-IS,)  a  law. 
Legal,  pertaining  to  law.  (3.) 


Legitimate,  in  accordance  with 
established  law.  (158.) 

Privileges,  special  advantages. 
(65.) 


Illegal,  unlawful.  (57. 
Legislate,  to  enact  laws.  (99.) 
Legislature,    the     law-making 
power.  (6.) 

257.  LFBER,  free. 

1.  Liberalize,  to  remove  narrow 
views. 
Illiberality,  narrowness  of 
mind.  (123.) 

1.  A  good  education  tends  to  liberalize  the  mind,  and  free  it  from 
superstition  (485). 

258.  LI'B-ER,  (LI'BR-I,)  a  book. 
Library,  a  collection  of  books.  (124.) 


Liberal,  generous.  (209.) 
Liberate,  to  set  free.  (117.) 
Liberty,  freedom.  (4.) 


96  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

259.  LTBR-O,   I  weigh  in  a  balance.    LIBRA'T-UM,  to  weigh  in  a 
balance. 

Deliberation,      consideration.     |  Equilibrium,  equal  force.  (144.) 
(247.)  I 

260.  LI'G-0,  I  bind.    LIGA'T-UM,  to  bind. 


Religion,  duty  to  God  and  man. 
(185.) 


1.  Allegiance,  acknowledged  ob- 
ligation to  obey. 
Obligation,  binding  power  of 
a  contract.  (108.) 

1.  The  American  Colonies  did  not  deny  (328),  that  they  owed  alle- 
giance to  Great  Britain. 

261.  LI'MEN,  (LI'MIN-IS,)  a  threshold. 
Preliminary,  introductory.  (10.) 

262.  LIN'GTT-A,  the  tongue  ;  a  language. 

Language,  the  speech  of  a  na-  I  Linguist,   one   skilled  in  lan- 
tion.  (167.)  guages.  (241.) 

263.  LIN'QU-0, 1  leave.    LIC'T-UM,  to  leave. 

Delinquent,    failing    in    duty.  •  Relic,  something  left.  (16.) 
(91.)  I  Relinquish,  to  abandon.  (9.) 

264.  LIN'E-A,  a  line. 

1.  Delineate,  to  draw.  I  Lineage,  family  line.  (57.) 

2.  Lineament,  feature.  |  Lineal,  in  a  line.  (57.) 

1.  One  of  the  juvenile  efforts  of  Benjamin  West,  was  an  attempt  to 
delineate  the  portrait  of  his  sister. 

2.  Every  lineament  was  so  correct,  that  his  mother  recognized 
(334)  it  immediately  (287),  and  wished  to  preserve  it  as  a  memento  (290). 

265.  LI'N-TJM,  flax. 

Linen,  cloth  made  of  flax.  (57.)    |  Linseed,  the  seed  of  flax.  (57.) 

266.  LIS,  (LI'T-IS,)  strife. 

1.  Litigation,  going  to  law. 

1.  The  people  of  New  Hampshire  regarded  the  demand  for  rent,  as 
an  imposition  (399),  and,  in  1680,  determined  to  resort  to  litigation, 
to  decide  the  point. 

267.  LIT'ER-A,  a  letter. 

1.  Literal,  exact  to  the  letter.         Literature,  learning.  (117,) 

2.  Obliterate,  rub  out.  Literary,  relating  to  learning. 
Illiterate,  ignorant.  (240.)  (3.) 


LATIN    ROOTS.  97 

1.  To  transcribe  (467)  an  article,  so  as  to  produce  a  literal  copy, 
requires  close  attention. 

2.  Americans  can  never  obliterate  from  their  remembrance  (290), 
the  despicable  (497)  attempt  of  Arnold  to  betray  (538)  his  country. 


Locate,  to  place.  (109.) 
Locality,  place.  (40.) 


268.  LO'C-TJS,  a  place. 

1.  Locomotion,  power  of  chang- 

ing place. 

2.  Local,  relating  to  place. 

1.  An  oyster  has  not  locomotion,  yet  it  is  classed  among  animals, 
rather  than  vegetables. 

2.  A  knowledge  of  local  geography,  is  very  valuable  (555)  in  almost 
any  vocation  (580). 

269.  LON'G-US,  long. 

1.  Elongate,  to  lengthen.  Longitude,    distance,    east     or 

west,    from    any    established 
meridian.  (118.) 

1.  From  the  21st  of  December,  the  days  continue  to  elongate  in 
the  Northern  Hemisphere,  and  diminish  in  the  Southern,  until  the  sun 
reaches  the  equinoctial  (336)  line,  when  the  days  and  nights  are  equal. 

270.  LO'QU-OR,  I  speak.    LOCU'T-TJS,  to  speak. 


1.  Elocution,  the  art  of  oratorical 

delivery. 

2.  Circumlocution,  round-about 

expression. 

3.  Obloquy,  censure. 

4.  Soliloquy,  a  speech  in  soli- 

tude. 


Colloquial,  relating  to  conver- 
sation. (37.) 

Colloquy,  conversation.  (123.) 

Eloquent,  expressive  of  strong 
emotion.  (10.) 

Loquacity,  talkativeness.  (123.) 


1.  No  one  can  excel  in  elocution,  who  does  not  possess  the  power 
to  enunciate  (341)  clearly  and  distinctly. 

2.  Those  who  perform  great  deeds,  rarely  use  much  circumlocU' 
tion  in  describing  them.  "  We  met  the  enemy,  and  they  are  ours," 
was  the  missive  (305),  that  announced  the  great  victory  on  Lake  Erie. 

3.  Much  obloquy  was  cast  on  William  Penn,  by  malevolent  (279) 
persons,  for  his  supposed  adherence  to  the  cause  of  the  deposed 
monarch. 

4.  Cato's  soliloquy,  commencing,  "It  must  be  so;  Plato,  thou 
reasonest  well,"  &c,  has  consoled  (489)  many,  who  were  ready  to 
despair,  and  kept  them  from  committing  suicide  (510). 

271.  LTJ'CR-UM,  gain. 
1.  Lucrative,  profitable. 


98  THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  The  trade  with  the  American  Colonies  was  so  lucrative,  that, 
in  1651,  Cromwell  passed  an  Act,  intended  to  secure  the  whole  trade 
to  the  English. 

272.  LUC'T-OR,  I  struggle. 
1.  Reluctant,  unwilling. 

1.  Elizabeth  was  very  reluctant  to  sign  (481)  the  death-warrant 
of  Essex  ;  but  his  conduct  had  been  so  reprehensible  (409),  that  she  had 
not  the  slightest  pretext  to  refuse. 

273.  LTJ'D-O,  I  play.    LU'S-UM,  to  play. 


Ludicrous,    exciting    laughter. 
(201.) 


1.  Delusion,  false  belief. 

Allusions,  references  to  some- 
thing. (76.) 

1.  In  1692,  a  dreadful   delusion,  known  as  the   "  Salem  witch- 
craft," prevailed  in  Massachusetts. 

274.  LTJ'N-A,  the  moon. 

1.  Lunatic,  an  insane  person.        |  Lunar,    relating  to   the  moon. 
Lunacy,  madness.  (145.)  I       (145.) 

1.  George  III.  was  for  many  years  a  lunatic,  and  the  expediency 
of  appointing  a  regent  (438),  was  frequently  discussed. 

275.  LTJ'-O,  I  wash  away.    LU'T-UM,  to  wash  away. 

1.  Ablution,     a     washing     or  I  2.  Dilute,  to  make  thin  or  weak. 
cleansing. 

1.  The  frequent  ablution  of  the  whole  body,  is  enjoined  by  the 
Mosaic  Law. 

2.  It  is  &  punishable  (421)  offence,  in  some  countries,  to  dilute  milk, 
or  to  adulterate  any  article  of  merchandise. 

276.  LTJ'CE-0, 1  shine.    LU'MEN,  (LTJ'MIN-IS,)  light. 


1.  Elucidate,  to  explain. 

2.  Illumination,  lighting  up. 

3.  Luminous,  emitting  light. 


Illuminate,  to  enlighten.  (123.) 
Lucid,  clear.  (40.) 
Luminary,  the  sun.  (177.) 
Translucent,  transparent.  (142.) 

1.  Newton  was  the  first  to  clearly  elucidate  the  principle  of  the 
attraction  of  gravitation. 

2.  There  was  a  general  illumination,  on  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp 
Act,  in  1766. 

3.  The  moon  is  not  a  luminous  body,   but  irradiates  (433)  the 
earth,  by  reflecting  the  rays  (433)  of  the  sun. 


LATIN  ROOTS. 


99 


3.  Magistrate,  one  having  civil 
authority. 


277,  MAGIS'TER,  a  master. 

1.  Magistracy,  the  office  or  dig- 

nity of  a  magistrate. 

2.  Magisterial,  having  the  air 

of  authority. 

1.  Prescott,  the  Governor-General  of  Rhode  Island,  appointed  none 
to  the  magistracy 9  but  those  who  would  carry  out  his  malicious  (279) 
designs  against  the  Provincials. 

2.  Berkley,  the  aristocratic  governor  of  Virginia,  said,  with  a 
magisterial  air,  "Thank  God,  there  are  no  free  schools,  nor 
printing-presses,  in  Virginia." 

3.  John  Bunyan  was  frequently  brought  before  a  magistrate  / 
but,  instead  of  obtaining  his  liberty,  was  generally  remanded  (280)  to 
prison. 


278.  MAG'N-US,  great.    MA'JOR,  greater. 


1.  Magnanimous,  of  noble  mind. 

2.  Magnify,  enlarge. 
Magnitude,  greatness.  (167.) 


Majority,  the  part  of  any  num- 
ber greater  than  the  sum  of  all 
the  other  parts.  (76.) 


1.  Had  Washington  been  less  magnanimous,  he  would  have 
taken  measures  to  punish  Conway,  for  his  unprovoked  attacks. 

2.  When  we  magnify  a  drop  of  water,  we  see  that  it  is  filled  with 
living  beings. 


279.  MA'LE,  evil;  ill. 

1.  Maladministration,  bad  use 

of  power. 
Malign,  slander.  (167.) 
Malcontent,    a    dissatisfied, 

restless  member  of  society. 

(39.) 


Malicious,  intending  ill  to 
others.  (277.) 

Malevolent,  wishing  ill  to  an- 
other. (270.) 

Malignity,  extreme  enmity. 
(46.) 


1.  Impeachment  is  the  power,  which  the  House  of  Representatives 
has,  to  bring  a  charge  against  a  civil  officer  for  maladministra- 
tion of  office. 


280.  MAN'D-0,  I  bid  or  command.    MANDA'T-TJM,  to  bid,  to  com- 
mand. 


Command,  injunction.  (57.) 
Countermand,  to  revoke.  (102.) 

281.  MA'NE-0, 1  stay. 
Permanent,  lasting.  (191.) 
9 


Mandate,  order.  (57.) 
Remanded,  sent  back.  (277.) 


|  Remain,  stay.  (14.) 


100  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

282.  MA'N-u*$  the  hand. 


Maintain,  to  support.  (104.) 
Manumission,  giving  liberty  to 

slaves.  (47.) 
Manoeuvre,  a  skilful  movement. 

(115.) 
Manufactory,  a  work-shop. (41.) 
Manuscript,  a  writing.  (103.) 


1.  Amanuensis,    a    person    em- 

ployed to  write  what  another 
dictates. 

2.  Manacles,  shackles. 
Management,  manner  of  treat- 
ing. (241.) 

Manual,    performed  by  the 
hand.  (134.) 

1.  Want  of  sight  is  generally  considered  an  insuperable  (513)  obsta- 
cle to  literary  pursuits;  but  Milton,  by  means  of  an  amanuensis, 
wrote  the  whole  of  "Paradise  Lost,"  after  he  became  blind. 

2.  What  more  striking  instance  of  the  mutability  (323)  of  all  things 
earthly,  can  be  given,  than  that  of  Columbus,  returning  in  mana- 
cles from  the  New  World,  which  he  had  discovered. 

283.  MA'R-E,  the  sea. 

1.  Transmarine,  across  the  sea.    |  Maritime,  bordering  on  the  sea. 

2.  Submarine,  under  the  sea.  (109.) 

1.  In  1763,  England  received  a  large  accession  to  her  transma- 
rine possessions  —  France  ceding  all  her  territory  east  of  the  Missis- 
sippi, and  north  of  the  Iberville  River. 

2.  The  persistent  (485)  efforts  of  Cyrus  W.  Field,  to  lay  a  suhmw- 
Tine  telegraph,  to  unite  (551)  England  and  America,  have  bee* 
crowned  with  success. 

284.  MA'TER,  (MA'TR-IS,)  a  mother. 
Matron,  an  elderly  lady.  (123.) 

285.  MATU'R-TJS,  ripe. 

1.  Matured,  well  digested.  I  Maturity,  ripeness.  (97.) 

Immature,  unripe.  (97.)  '  Premature,  too  hasty.  (66.) 

1.  In  1838,  the  insurgents  (514)  in  Canada,  having  matured  theii 
plans,  an  insurrection  (514)  took  place.  As  many  Americans  attempted 
to  evade  (553)  the  laws,  requiring  (428)  neutrality  (330),  the  President 
issued  an  admonitory  (309)  proclamation. 

286.  ME'DE-OR,  I  am  cured. 

1.  Medicinal,  having  the  power 

of  healing. 
Irremediable,  incurable.  (161/ 
Medical,  relating  to  the  art 

of  healing.  (149  ) 


Medicine,  any  substance  used  in 

curing  disease.  (47.) 
Remedial,  intended  for  a  rem- 

edy.  (68.) 
Remedy,  a  cure.  (152.) 


LATIN    ROOTS.  101 

1.  The  Indians  are  well  acquainted  with  the  medicinal  proper- 
ties of  the  leaf  of  the  plantain  (387). 

287.  ME'DI-US,  middle. 

1.  Medium,  means.  Mediate,  to  interpose  between 

Immediately,  instantly.  (264.)         parties,   for"  the  purpose    of 
Mediation,  interposition.  (20.)         effecting  a  reconciliation.  (57.) 

1.  A   system  of  signals  (481)  is  usually  adopted,  as  a  medium  of 
communication  (320),  between  the  distant  (485)  parts  of  an  army. 

288.  MED'IT-OK,  I  muse. 

1.  Premeditated,  planned  previously. 

1.  As  the  Indians  of  Virginia  had  premeditated  the  attack,  in 
1644,  they  were  well  prepared  for  the  contest. 

289.  ME'LIOR,  better. 

1.  Melioration,  improvement.      ,  Ameliorate,    to    make    better. 

I       (209.) 
1.  In  1733,  Oglethorpe,  and  other  benevolent  gentlemen,  felt  that 
some  melioration  of  the  condition  of  the  poor  of  England  was  ab- 
solutely necessary. 


Memento,  that  which  reminds. 
(264.) 

Memorable,  worthy  to  be  re- 
membered. (194.) 

Remember,  bear  in  mind.  (2i0.) 

Remembrance,  recollection.  (267.) 


290.  ME'MOR,  mindful. 

1.  Reminiscence,  recollection. 

1.  Memory,  the  faculty  by  which 

we  remember. 

2.  Memorial,  a  monument. 

3.  Commemorate,  to  preserve  in 

memory  by  some  public  act. 
Immemorial,  beyond    memory. 
(170.) 

1.  The  following  anecdote,  containing  a  pleasing  reminiscence 
of  Washington,  and  a  remarkable  instance  of  ready  tact  in  a  child,  is 
worth  committing  (305)  to  memory.  As  Washington  was  about  to 
leave  a  house,  where  he  had  made  a  call,  a  modest  (306)  little  girl  opened 
the  door,  and  courteously  held  it  for  him  to  pass  out.  "My  dear," 
said  Washington,  "  I  wish  you  a  better  service."  "  Yes,  sir,"  said  the 
little  girl,  "  to  let  you  in." 

2.  The  Franklin  Library  is  a  far  more  suitable  memorial  of  Benja- 
min Franklin,  than  any  useless  monument,  which  posterity  (404)  could 
erect. 

3.  The  sacrament  (453)  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  instituted  (485)  to 
commemorate  the  death  of  Jesus  Christ,  is  described  by  each 
Evangelist. 


102  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

291.  MENS,  (MEN'T-IS,)  the  mind. 
Mental,  relating  to  the  mind.  (83.) 

292.  MER'G-O,  I  dip.    MER'S-UM,  to  dip. 

1.  Emergency,    pressing   neces-  I  Immersion,  a  dipping.  (103.) 
sity.  ' 

1.  Clinton,  knowing  that  Savannah  was  totally  (536)  unprepared 
(364),  sent  a  force,  in  1778,  to  take  it.  In  this  emergency,  General 
Robert  Howe  made  a  brave  defence ;  but,  overcome  by  the  disparity 
(361)  of  the  forces,  was  obliged  to  retire,  and  the  British  entered 
Savannah. 

293.  MER'C-OR,  I  buy,  I  traffic. 


1.  Mercenary,  serving  for  pay. 

2.  Mercantile,  pertaining  to  a 

merchant. 


Commerce,  trade.  (107.) 
Merchandise,  things  bought  and 

sold.  (57.) 
Merchant,  a  trader.  (3.) 

1.  Burgoyne's  army  was  composed  of  a  heterogeneous  mass  of  mer- 
cenary troops,  gathered  by  conscription  (467). 

2.  The  assumption  (512),  that  the  British  Government  had  the  right 
to  seize  deserters,  was  destructive  (507)  of  the  mercantile  interests 
(511)  of  the  United  States. 

294.  ME'-O,  I  go  to  and  fro. 

1.  Meandering,  winding. 

1.  Mythology  gives  the  name  Meander  to  a  river  in  Asia,  remark- 
able for  its  meandering  or  serpentine  (478)  course. 

295.  MI'GR-0, 1  remove.    MIGRA'T-TJM,  to  remove. 


1.  Migratory,  roving. 

Emigrate,  to  remove  from  a 

place.  (44.) 
Immigration,   the  coming  of 

foreigners   into   a   country. 

(68.) 


Immigrant,  one  who  comes  into 
a  country  to  reside.  (109.) 

Migration,  departure  to  a  dis- 
tant place  of  residence.  (48.) 

Transmigration,  a  passing  from 
one  state  to  another.  (171.) 


1.  In  1713,  a  migratory  band  of  Tuscaroras  arrived  in  New  York, 
and  joined  the  Five  Nations. 


296.  MI'L-ES,  (MIL'IT-IS,)  a  soldier. 


Militia,   the   enrolled  soldiers. 
(75.) 


1.  Militant,  contending. 

Military,  pertaining  to   sol- 
diery. (72.) 

1.  Until  Christianity  prevails  all  over  the  world,  the  church  will  be 
a  church  militant* 


LATIN  ROOTS.  103 

297  MIL'IE,  a  thousand. 
Millennium,  a  thousand  years  of  peace.  (14.) 

298.  M'N-EO,  I  jut  out. 

1.  Prominent,  eminent.  I  Eminent,  distinguished.  (47.) 

2.  Eminence,  distinction.  ' 

1.  William  Markham,  a  prominent  Quaker  and  philanthropist, 
was  appointed  deputy-governor  (422)  of  the  colony,  which  settled  at 
Chester,  in  1681. 

2.  The  great  eminence,  attained  by  some,  is  owing  more  to  atten- 
tion and  perseverance,  than  to  a  retentive  (521)  memory  (290). 

299.  MINISTER,  (MINIS'TR-I,)  a  servant. 


1.  Administrator,  one  who  takes 

charge  of  the  property  of  a 

person  dying  without  a  will. 
Administer,  dispense.  (87.) 
Administration,  management 

of  public  affairs.  (57.) 

1.  When  a  man  dies  intestate  (529),  it  is  necessary  to  appoint  an 
administrator. 


Minister,  one  who  is  appointed 
to  transact  business  of  state 
under  the  direction  of  the 
chief  executive.  (58.) 

Ministerial,  clerical.  (187.) 


300.  MI'N-OR,  less.    MIN'U-0, 1  lessen.    MINU'T-UM,  to  lessen. 


3.  Minute,  small. 

Diminish,  to  make  less.  (187.) 


1.  Diminution,  decrease. 

2.  Minority,  the  smaller  number. 

3.  Diminutive,  little. 

1.  Want  and  disease  had  caused  such  a  diminution  in  the  army, 
and  the  people  were  so  sunk  in  lethargy,  that  Lincoln  was  compelled 
to  surrender  Charleston,  in  1780. 

2.  The  minority  in  Congress  have  the  following  powers : —  1.  They 
"may  adjourn  from  day  to  day,  and  may  be  authorized  to  compel  the 
attendance  (520)  of  absent  (511)  members,  in  such  manner,  and  under 
such  penalties,  as  each  House  may  provide."  2.  "  The  yeas  and  nays 
of  the  members  of  either  House,  on  any  question,  shall,  at  the  desire 
of  one-fifth  of  those  present  (511),  be  entered  on  the  journal." 

3.  In  making  the  soundings  for  the  Atlantic  Cable,  the  plummet  (394) 
brought  up  diminutive  shells,  some  of  them  so  minute^  that  they 
looked  like  atoms. 


301.  MI'R-TJS,  strange,  wonderful. 

1.  Miraculous,    exceeding    the 

laws  of  nature. 

2.  Admirable,  of  wonderful  ex- 

cellence. 
9* 


Admirably,  wonderfully.  (19.) 
Admiration,  wonder.  (27.) 


104 


THE   MODEL  ETYMOLOGY. 


1.  According  to  an  ancient  tradition  (537),  the  veritable  (566)  taber* 
nacle  (515),  (described  in  the  Pentateuch,  as  having  been  carried  by  the 
Jews  in  the  exodus),  is  still  in  existence  (485),  having  been  preserved  by 
miraculous  power. 

2.  Few,  who  associated  (486)  with  Hamilton,  could  fail  to  appreciate 
(411)  the  admirable  qualities  which  he  possessed. 

302.  MIS'CEO,  I  mix.    MIX'T-UM,  to  mix. 


3.  Promiscuous,   mingled   indis- 
criminately. 


1.  Miscellany,  a   collection  of 

various  things. 

2.  Miscellaneous,  mixed. 

1.  The  New  American  Cyclopedia  contains  a  most  interesting  mis- 
cellany, embracing  Mechanics,  Geometry,  Geology,  &c. 

2.  The  Patent  Office  contains  a  miscellaneous  collection  of  every 
kind  of  apparatus  (364). 

3.  A  promiscuous  multitude  (317),  composed  of  all  classes,  gain 
admission  (305)  to  the  President  on  New- Year's  day. 

303.  MI'SER,  wretched. 

1.  Commiserated,  pitied.  I  Miserable,  unhappy.  (57.) 

J  Misery,  suffering.  (194.) 

1.  The  intense  sufferings  of  the  prisoners,  in  the  "  Prison  Ship," 
were  unmitigated  (304)  during  the  war.  If  any  Royalist  commiser- 
ated these  sufferings,  and  provided  a  palliative  (360),  he  soon  received 
an  admonition  (309)  from  the  Provost-Marshal,  which  caused  him  to 
desist. 

304.  MIT'IG-O,  I  make  mild,  I  soften. 

Mitigate,  to  assuage.  (135.)  |  Unmitigated,  unassuaged.(303.) 

305.  MIT'T-0,  I  send.    MIS'S-UM,  tosend. 


1.  Emitted,  sent  forth. 

2.  Intermittent,  ceasing  at  in- 

tervals. 

3.  Transmit,  to  deliver. 

4.  Remiss,  negligent. 

5.  Mission,  commission. 
Admit,  permit.  (5.) 
Admission,  admittance.  (302.) 
Commissary,  the  officer  whose 

business  it  is  to  provide  food 

for  the  army.  (5.) 
Commissioners,  those  bearing 

a  commission.  (191.) 
Commission,  a  trust.  (171.) 


Commit,  to  perpetrate.  (23.) 
Committing,  intrusting.  (290.) 
Compromise,  adjustment  by  con- 
cession. (57.) 
Dismissed,  sent  away.  (247.) 
Emissary,  one  sent  out  as  a  se- 
cret agent.  (66.) 
Intermission,    cessation    for    a 

time.  (68.) 
Missionary,  one  sent  to  propa- 
gate religion.  (23.) 
Missive,  message  sent.  (270.) 
Permission,  leave  granted.  (63.) 
Permit,  allow.  (22.) 


LATIN   ROOTS.  105 


Submission,  a  yielding.  (6.) 
Surmise,  suspicion.  (167.) 


Promising,  stipulating.  (13.) 
Promissory,  containing  a  prom- 
ise. (131.) 

1.  During  an  eruption  (451)  of  Mount  (310)  Vesuvius,  such  a  quan- 
tity of  lava,  ashes,  &c,  was  emitted,  that  two  cities  were  destroyed. 

2.  In  some  of  the  oil  wells,  the  flow  is  uninterrupted  (451),  while  in 
others  it  is  intermittent* 

3.  The  franiers  of  the  Constitution  hoped  to  transmit  the  bless- 
ings of  liberty  to  their  posterity. 

4.  Lee  was  so  remiss  in  reinforcing  Washington,  in   1776,   that 
many  doubted  his  love  for  the  American  cause. 

5.  Jay's  mission  to  England  was  so   successful,  that,  in  1795,  a 
treaty  was  laid  before  the  Senate,  for  ratification  (439). 

306.  MO'D- ITS,  a  manner. 

1.  Moderate,  observing  proper 

bounds. 

2.  Modesty,  humility. 

3.  Modify,  to  change  the  charac- 

ter of  a  thing. 

4.  Commodious,  convenient. 
4.  Incommoded,  inconvenienced. 


Accommodate,   to    supply  with 

conveniences.  (47.) 
Commodity,  article.  (185.) 
Model,  a  copy  to  be  imitated. 

(74.) 
Modest,  unobtrusive.  (290.) 


1.  Never  eat  to  satiety  (463) ;  but  be  moderate  in  all  things,  if  you 
would  preserve  health. 

2.  Although  Washington  had  proved  himself  such  a  competent  (381) 
General,  yet,  when  appointed  to  the  position  (399)  of  Commander-in- 
chief,  he  said,  with  great  modesty,  "  I  do  not  think  myself  equal  to 
the  command." 

3.  As  Great  Britain  refused  to  repeal  or  modify  the  "Orders  in 
Council,"  war  was  declared  in  1812. 

4.  The  want  of  commodious  habitations,  greatly  incommoded 
the  early  settlers  of  Massachusetts. 

307.  MO'LI-OR,  I  rear  or  build.    MOLI'T-TJS,  to  rear  or  build. 

1.  Demolition,  destruction.  |  Demolish,  to  throw  down.  (60.) 

1.  When  Howe  evacuated  Boston,  he  threatened  the  demolition 
of  all  the  principal  buildings,  if  Washington  fired  on  his  ships. 

308.  MOL'L-IS,  soft. 

1.  Emollient,    that    which    as-  I  Mollify,  to  assuage.  (117.) 
suages. 

1.  While  the  attendants  of  King were  applying  (392)  some 

unctuous  (550)  substance,  as  an  emollient,  it  took  fire,  and  enveloped 
(558)  him  in  flames.     He  soon  expired,  in  great   torment  (535). 


106  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

309.  MO'N-EO,  I  put  in  mind ;  I  warn.    MON'IT-UM,  to  put  in  mind 
to  warn. 


1.  Monitor,  a  pupil  who  acts  in 

place  of  a  teacher. 
1.  Summon,  to  call. 

Admonish,   to    remind    of   a 

fault.  (58.) 


Admonition,  warning.  (303.) 
Admonitory,    giving    warning. 

(285.) 
Premonitory,    giving    warning 

beforehand.  (145.) 


1.  In  the  Lancasterian  method  of  education,  a  monitor  is  em- 
ployed, to  summon  the  classes  to  their  exercises. 

310.  MONS,  (MON'T-IS,)  a  high  hill. 

1.  Paramount,  superior.  I  Mount,  a  hill.  (305.) 

Amount,  the  sum.  (187.)  |  Surmount,  to  rise  above.  (116.) 

1.  Moral  science  (or  ethics)  teaches,  that  the  duty  we  owe  to  God 
is  paramount  to  any  duty  imposed  by  man. 

311.  MON'STR-O,  I  point,  I  show.    MONSTRA'T-TJM,  to  point  out,  to 
show. 


1.  Monstrous,  unnatural. 
Demonstrate,  make  evident. 
(117.) 


Monster,  anything  horrible  from 

ugliness.  (187.) 
Eemonstrate,    to    expostulate. 
(151.) 

1.  The  Algerines  held  the  monstrous  doctrine,  that  all  persons 
shipwrecked  on  their  shores,  were  slaves. 

312.  MOR'B-TJS,  a  disease. 
Morbidly,  in  a  diseased  manner.  (187.) 

313.  MOR'D-EO,  I  bite.    MOR'S-UM,  to  bite. 
Remorse,  sense  of  guilt.  (187.) 

314.  MORS,(MOR'T-IS,)  death. 


Mortal,  deadly.  (96.) 
Mortality,  death.  (140.) 
Mortification,  vexation.  (53.) 


1.  Mortify,  to  humble. 

Immortal,  exempt  from  death. 

(125.) 
Immortalize,   to   perpetuate. 

(158.) 

1.  Wayne  determined  to  vindicate  (574)  his  honor,  and  to  mortify 
the  British,  for  his  defeat  at  Paoli.  He  did  it  most  completely  (391),  in 
the  retaking  of  Stony  Point. 

315.  M0S,  (MO'R-IS,)  custom;  practice. 

Demoralize,  to  render  corrupt  I  Immorality,  want  of  correctness 
in  morals.  (116.)  '       of  life.  (247.) 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


107 


Immoral,  not  virtuous.  (151.) 
Morality,   correctness  of   life. 
(133.) 

316.  MO'VE-O,  I  move.    MO'T-TJM,  to  move. 


Moralize,  to  apply  to  a  moral 
purpose.  (191.) 


Promote,  to  advance.  (57.) 
Promotion,  advancement.  (66.) 
Promotive,  tending  to  advance 

(143.) 
Remove,  to   change  the  place. 

(176.) 


Commotion,  tumult.  (163.) 
Emotion,  disturbance  of  mind. 

(50.) 
Motive,  inducement.  (3.) 
Movables,  goods.  (176.) 
Movement,  motion.  (50.) 

317.  MUL'T-US,  much. 

1.  Multiform,     having     many  I  Multitude,    a    great    number, 
forms.  |       (302.) 

1.  To  one  who  scrutinizes  (468)  closely,  Nature,  in  every  depart^ 
ment,  exhibits  multiform  beauties. 

318.  MUN'D-TJS,  the  earth;  the  world. 

1.  Mundane,  earthly. 

1.  We  hold  every  mundane  treasure  by  a  very  precarious  (407) 
tenure  (521). 

319.  MU'NI-O,  I  fortify-    MUNI'T-TJM,  to  fortify. 
Ammunition,  materials  used  in  war.  (25.) 

320.  MTJ'N-US,  (MU'NER-IS,)  an  office;  a  gift. 


Common,  usual.  (15.) 
Communicate,  to  impart.  (66.) 
Communication,   the  imparting 

of  knowledge.  (287.) 
Community,  society.  (3.) 
REMUNERATiON,recompense.(44.) 


1.  Munificence,  liberality. 

2.  Municipal,    pertaining  to   a 

city. 

3.  Communicative,  ready  to  im- 

part knowledge. 

4.  Immunities,    peculiar    privi- 

leges. 

1.  The  munificence  of  Mr.  Peabody  has  conferred  innumerable 
(340)  blessings  on  the  poor  (370)  of  London,  and  kept  many  from 
pauperism  (370). 

2.  One  of  the  most  important  duties,  devolving  (584)  upon  munici- 
pal authorities,  is  to  provide  an  abundant  (549)  supply  of  water. 

3.  The  first  adventurers  (559)  to  the  New  World,  found  the  Indians 
friendly  and  communicative* 

4.  The  citizens  of  each  State  shall  be  entitled  to  all  the  privileges 
and  immunities  of  citizens  in  the  several  States. 


108  THE   MODEX   ETYMOLOGY. 

321.  MTJ'R-TJS,  a  wall. 
1.  Immured,  imprisoned, 

1.  "Why  was  Caspar  Hauser  immured  from  infancy  to  man- 
hood?" is  a  question  on  which  many  have  speculated  (497),  but  none 
have  come  to  any  satisfactory  (463)  conclusion. 

322.  MU'S-A,  a  muse. 


1.  Museum,  the  place  where  cu- 
riosities are  deposited. 
1.  Muse,  to  meditate. 


2.  Muses,  heathen  goddesses  who 
presided  over  poetry,  &c. 
Musician,  one  skilled  in  mu- 
sic. (68.) 

1.  A  visitor  (571)  at  the  British  Museum,  is  led  to  muse  on  the 
transitory  nature  of  earthly  greatness. 

2.  Castalia  was  a  fountain  on  Mount  Parnassus,  sacred  to  the  Nine 

Muses, 

323.  MU'T-0, 1  change.    MTJTA'T-TJM,  to  change. 


Mutability,       changeableness. 
(282.) 


1.  Mutual,  reciprocal. 

2.  Immutable,  unchangeable. 

3.  Transmute,  to  change    from 

one  substance  to  another. 

1.  The  connection  (327)  of  the  New  and  the  Old  World,  by  the  Atlan- 
tic Telegraph,  will  probably  prove  a  mutual  advantage. 

2.  The  Medes  and  Persians  boasted,  that  their  laws  were  immuta- 
ble,  yet  not  a  vestige  (567)  of  them  remains  at  the  present  day. 

3.  How  vividly  (579)  does  Hawthorne,  in  his  "Wonder  Book,"  de- 
scribe the  "Golden  Touch  of  Midas,"  which  was  able  to  transmute 
everything  to  gold. 

324.  NAS'C-OR,  I  am  born.    NA'T-TJS,  to  be  born. 


,  Nativity,  birth. 
Innate,  inborn.  (123.) 
Nation,  a  distinct  people  unit- 
ed in  the  same  government. 
(113.) 
Natural,  native.  (4.) 


Nature,  essential  quality.  (1.) 

Naturalist,  one  versed  in  natu- 
ral history.  (138.) 

Supernatural,  beyond  nature. 
(41.) 

Native,  relating  to  birth.  (184.) 


1.  The  place  of  Homer's  nativity  is  a  doubtful  point,  as  may  bo 
seen  from  the  well-known  distich : 

"  Seven  cities  contend  for  Homer  dead, 
Through  which,  the  living  Homer  begged  his  bread." 

325.  NATJ'T-A,  a  sailor. 
1.  Nautical,  pertaining  to  navigation. 

1.  Before  the  invention  of  the  mariner's  compass,  in  1302,  nautical 
skill  was  limited  to  navigable  (326)  rivers,  and  the  shores  of  the  ocean. 


LAT1X   ROOTS. 


109 


326.  NAV'-IS,  a  ship. 

Circumnavigation-, 

around.  (32.) 
Naval,  maritime.  (113.) 


sailing 


Navigable,   passable  by  ships. 

(325.) 
Navigation,  relating  to  vessels. 

(233.) 


327..  NEC'T-O,  I  tie  or  bind.    NEX'-TJM,  to  tie  or  bind. 

1.  Annexation,  the  act  of  con-  I  2.  Disconnect,  to  separate, 
necting.  |       Connection,  joining.  (323.) 

1.  The  annexation  of  Texas  was  a  very  unpopular  (400)  measure 
with  a  large  party  in  the  North. 

2.  In  1836,  the  people  of  Texas,  disgusted  with  the  despotism  of 
Mexico,  determined  to  disconnect  Texas  from  that  country. 


328.  NE'G-O,  I  deny.    NEGA'T-TJM,  to  deny. 

Deny,   declare  not  to    be  true, 
(260.) 


1.  Negatives,  words  expressive 

of  denial. 
1.  Negation,  denial. 


Negative,  implying  denial. (102.) 
1.  Two  negatives  in  the  same  sentence  are  improper,  if  intended 
to  express  the  same  negation, 

329.  NEFA'RI-TJS,  wicked. 

1.  Nefarious,  extremely  wicked. 

1.  The  Emperor  Nero  was  guilty  of  such  nefarious  acts,  that  his 
name  is  a  synonym  for  monster. 


330.  NEU'TER,  neither  of  the  two. 

Neutral,  not  engaged  on  either 

side.  (57.) 
Neutrality,  the  state  of  taking 

no  part.  (285.) 


331.  NI'HIL,  nothing. 
Annihilation,  reducing  to  nothing.  (125.) 


Neutralizes,   destroys  peculiar 
properties.  (152.) 


332.  NO'C-EO,  I  hurt  ,•  I  harm. 

1.  Innocent,  free  from  guilt. 

2.  Nuisance,  that  which  incom- 

modes. 


3.  Obnoxious,  offensive. 
Innocence,  purity.  (57.) 


1.  In  Germany,  during  the  16th  century,  more  than  100,000  inno- 
cent persons  suffered  death  for  witchcraft. 

2.  Scholars  should  be  ashamed  of  conduct,  which  makes  a  school- 
house  a  nuisance* 


110  THE   MODEL  ETYMOLOGY. 

3.  George  III.  found  it  impossible,  to  mike  obnoxious  laws,  opera* 
five  (349)  in  the  American  Colonies, 

333.  NOE/M-A,  a  rule. 


1.  Normal,  according  to  estab- 
lished principles. 


Enormity,  excessive  greatness. 

(30.) 
Enormous,  huge.  (152.) 
1.  A  good  Normal  School  is  essential  to  the  existence  of  good 
Common  Schools. 

334.  NOS'C-0,Iknow.    NO'T-UM,  to  know.   NO'T-A,  a  mark.   NO'MEN, 
a  name. 


Noble,  generous.  (136.) 
Nobility,  patricians.  (217.) 
Nominate,  to  name  for  appoint- 
ment. (74.) 
Notify,  to  make  known.  (24.) 
Recognized,  remembered  as  pre- 
viously known.  (264.) 


1.  Notorious,  remarkable. 

2.  Reconnoitering,  surveying. 

3.  Nominal,  in  name  only. 
Denomination,  religious  sect. 

Ennoble,  to  raise  to  the  no- 
bility. (120.) 
Ignominy,  dishonor.  (29.)' 

1.  Captain  Kidd  was  a  notorious  pirate,  who  is  said  to  have  de- 
posited immense  treasure  on  the  coast  of  Massachusetts. 

2.  Sumpter  and  Marion  were  invaluable,  for  reconnoitering  and 
carrying  on  partisan  (365)  warfare. 

3.  The  treaty  of  Aix-la-Chapelle  was  but  a  temporary  (519)  suspen- 
sion of  hostilities,  and  the  peace  established,  proved  to  be  only 
nominal,  especially  where  there  was  not  a  full  complement  (391)  of 
regular  troops. 

335.  NO'V-US,  new. 

1.  Innovation,   introduction  of 

something  new. 

2.  Renovated,  made  new. 

1.  Walter  Scott,  having  become  insolvent  (491),  commenced  writing 
a  series  of  historical  novels,  which  were  such  an  innovation  on  the 
usual  style  of  novels,  that  they  created  a  great  sensation. 

2.  A  new  earth,  renovated,  and  made  free  from  all,  that  is  so  odious 
(343)  and  repugnant  (418)  in  this,  is  described  in  the  Apocalypse. 

3.  The  Thugs  of  India,  before  admitting  a  novice,  demand  a  solemn 
asseveration  (480),  that  he  will  never  divulge  their  secrets, 

336.  NOX,  (NOC'T-IS,)  night. 

1.  Nocturnal,  nightly.  I  Equinoctial,  pertaining  to  the 

equinox.  (269.) 
1.  Nothing  so  completely  eradicates  (434)  the  belief  in  spectres  (497) 
and  nocturnal  visitants  (571),  as  education.  -* 


3.  Novice,   one  new  in  a  busi- 
ness. 
Novels,  fictitious  tales.  (174.) 


LATIN   ROOTS.  Ill 

337.  NU'B-O,  I  marry.    NUP'T-TJM,  to  marry. 

1.  Nuptials,  marriage  ceremonies. 

1.  When  Lord  Lyons,  who  was  a  bachelor,  gave  formal  (187)  notice 
to  the  President,  of  the  nuptials  of  the  Prince  (412)  of  Wales,  Lin- 
coln merely  replied,  "Lord  Lyons,  go  thou  and  do  likewise." 

338.  NU'D-US,  naked. 

1.  Denude,  make  bare.  |  Nudity,  nakedness.  (14.) 

1.  When  the  cold  blasts  from  the  north  denude  the  trees,  we  should 
have  sympathy  with  those,  who  are  poor  and  suffering. 

339.  NUL'L-US,  no  one. 

1.  Nullify,    to    render    of    no  [  2.  Nullity,  that  which  is  void 
force.  I  in  law. 

1.  The  "Non-Intercourse  Act"  was  designed  to  nullify  the  Act; 
which  imposed  a  duty  on  tea,  glass,  paper,  painters'  colors,  &c. 

2.  The  Charter  of  Massachusetts  was  declared  a  nullity,  in  1684, 
by  Charles  II. 

340.  NU'MER-US,  a  number. 


1.  Supernumeraries,       persons 
beyond  the  usual  number. 


Innumerable,  too  many  to  be 
counted.  (320.)  # 

Numerical,  pertaining  to  num- 
bers. (57.) 

1.  Where  a  large  number  of  laborers  are  employed,  it  is  common  to 
have  several  supernumeraries* 


341.  NUN'CI-0,  I  announce. 

1.  Renounced,  disowned. 

Announce,  to  give  notice. (75.) 
Denounce,  to  stigmatize.  (120.] 


Denunciation,   public   menace. 

(158.) 
Enunciate,  to  utter.  (270.) 

1.  Such  was  the  odium  (343)  attached  to  the  name  of  Quaker,  that 
Admiral  Penn  renounced  his  son  for  professing  their  principles. 


342.  OC'TJL-TJS,  the  eye. 


2.  Ocular,  perceived  by  the  eye. 


1.  Inoculate,  to  communicate  a 
disease  by  inserting  conta- 
gious matter  in  the  flesh. 

1.  In  the  spring  of  1777,  Washington  determined  to  inoculate  his 
army  with  the  small-pox. 

2.  The  sailors  were  so  sceptical,  that  they  were  on  the  point  of  mu- 
tiny, when  they  had  ocular  demonstration,  that  they  were  approach- 
ing land. 

10 


112  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

343.  O'DI,  I  hate. 
Odious,  causing  hatred.  (335.)      [  OrtuM,  dislike.  (341.) 

344.  O'L-EO,  I  emit  odor. 
1.  Olfactory,  pertaining  to  the  l  Redolent,    diffusing  a    sweet 


sense  of  smelling.  |       scent  (followed  by  of).  (199.) 

1.  The  olfactory  nerves,  or  nerves  of  smelling,  are  very  sensitive 
ia  birds  of  prey. 


Omniscient,      having      infinite 
knowledge.  (176.) 


345.  OM'N-IS,  every;  all. 
Omnipotent,  having  all  power. 

(57.) 
Omnipresent,  everywhere  pres- 
ent. (176.) 

346.  O'N-US,  (ON'EB-IS,)  a  burden. 

1.  Exonerate,  to  exculpate.  |  2.  Onerous,  burdensome. 

1.  In  1636,  Harvey  was  sent  to  England,  charged  with  serious 
offences ;  but  he  found  it  easy  to  exonerate  himself,  and  soon  re- 
turned. 

2.  Pitt,  with  all  his  onerous  duties,  found  time  to  carefully  inves- 
tigate (567)  the  cause  of  the  reverses  in  America,  and  to  plan  a  vigor- 
ous (572)  prosecution  (476)  of  the  war. 

347.  OPI'N-OR,  I  think ;  I  imagine. 
Opinion,  judgment.  (143.) 

348.  OP'T-O,  I  wish.    OPTA'T-TJM,  to  wish. 

1.  Option,  choice.  |  Adopted,  chose.  (200.) 

1.  Unless  James  II.  could  have  induced  Louis  XIV.  of  France  to 
co-operate  (349)  with  him  in  a  civil  war,  he  had  no  option,  but  was 
compelled  to  abdicate. 

349.  OP'ER-A,  work;  labor. 

1.  Inoperative,   not    producing      Co-operate,  to  act  together.  (348.) 

effects.  Operation,  action.  (134.) 

2.  Operate,  produce  effects.  '  Operative,  effective.  (332.) 

1.  The  extraordinary  (351)  powers  granted  to  the  President,  by  the 
Alien  and  Sedition  (471)  Acts,  had  rendered  them  inoperative. 

2.  With  the  ordinary  (351)  covering,  the  telegraphic  wire  will  not 
operate  under  water. 

350.  OR'B-IS,  a  circle;  a  circular  body. 

1.  Exorbitant,  extravagant.        |  2.  Orbit,  path  of  a  planet. 


LATIN  ROOTS.  113 

1.  For  such  a  tract  of  land  as  the  Louisiana  Territory,  $15,000,000 
was  not  an  exorbitant  price. 

2.  Astronomy  teaches  us,  that  the  orbit  of  the  earth  is  oval  (356), 
and  that  the  earth  is  nearer  the  sun  in  winter,  than  in  summer. 


351.  OR  DO,  (OR'DIN-IS,)  order. 

1.  Ordinances,  laws. 

2.  Insubordination,      disobedi- 

ence to  lawful  authority. 

3.  Subordinate,  inferior. 

4.  Inordinate,  excessive. 


Extraordinary,     beyond     the 

usual  course.  (349.) 
Order,  command.  (102.)     . 
Ordinary,  in  the  usual  manner. 

(349.) 


1.  The  various  ordinances,  imposing  restrictions  (506)  on  the  com- 
merce of  the  colonies,  at  first  produced  remonstrance,  and  eventually 
(559)  rebellion. 

2.  Braddock  thought  it  showed  insubordination,  to  express  any 
doubt  as  to  the  expediency  of  his  plans. 

3.i  Aaron  Burr  h'eld  a  subordinate  position  in  the  army,  in  the 
early  part  of  the  war. 

4.  Ostentation  (520)  and  inordinate  love  of  dress,  have  induced 
many  persons  to  steal. 

352.  O'RI-OR,  I  rise ;  I  spring  from.    OR'DI-OR,  I  begin. 


Oriental,  eastern.  (46.) 
Originated,  brought  into  exist- 
ence. (142.) 


1.  Originality,   the   quality  of 
being  original. 

1.  Exordium,  formal  preface. 

2.  Originally,  at  first. 

1.  If  an  orator  has  eloquence  and  originality,  whether  his  dis- 
course commences  with  an  exordium,  and  ends  with  a  peroration 
(354),  or  not,  it  is  heard  with  interest. 

2.  The  tradition,  that  the  Indians  of  North  America,  originally 
came  across  the  "big  water,"  is  an  argument  for  the  unity  (551)  of 
the  human  race. 

353.  OR'N-O,  I  embellish.    ORNA'T-TJM,  to  embellish. 

1.  Ornate,  highly  ornamented.      |  Ornament,  embellishment.  (69.) 
1.  Many  of  the  cathedrals  in  England  are  built  in  an  ornate  and 

expensive  (374)  style. 

354.  O'R-O,  I  pray;  I  ask.    ORA'T-UM,  to  pray;  to  ask. 

Inexorable,  not  to  be  moved  by 
entreaty.  (29.) 


1.  Oratory,  eloquence. 

2.  Oracle,   a    place  where  the 

heathen  deities   were    con- 
sulted. 
2.  Orisons,  prayers. 

Adoration,  worship.  (46.) 


Oration,  a  formal  speech.  (46.) 
Orator,  a  public  speaker.  (10.) 
Peroration,  the  final  summing 
up  of  a  speech.  (352.) 


114  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  The  orations  of  Caesar  are  still  extant  (485),  and  are  regarded  as 
models,  to  be  studied  by  all,  who  would  excel  in  oratory* 

2.  Washington  sought  no  Delphic  oracle,  but,  amid  the  snows  of 
Valley  Forge,  offered  his  earnest  orisons,  for  the  sanction  (458)  of  a 
just  God  upon  his  undertaking. 

355.  O'TI-TJM,  ease. 

Negotiate,  to  establish  by  agreement.  (25.) 

356.  O'V-UM,  an  egg. 
Oval,  egg-shaped.  (350.) 

357.  PA'G-TJS,  a  village. 

1.  Paganism,  heathenism. 

1.  Even  'm  paganism,  man  has  a  consciousness  (466)  of  guilt,  and 
a  desire  to  expiate  (384)  his  sin. 

358.  PAN'D-O,  I  lay  open.    PAN'S-TJM,  to  lay  open. 

1.  Expansion,  the  act  of  expand- 

ing; enlarging. 

2.  Expansive,  having  power  to 

enlarge. 

1.  Montgolfier,  the  first  aeronaut,  made  many  attempts  to  effect  the 
expansion  of  the  first  balloon. 

2.  The  expansive  force  of  heat  is  shown,  in  the  lifting  of  the 
kettle-lid  by  the  steam. 

359.  PACT-US,  stipulated ;  agreed. 

1.  Compact,  firmly  united.  |  2.  Compact,  bargain. 

1.  Jackson  defended  New  Orleans  by  ramparts  of  cotton,  which 
were  so  compact,  as  to  be  impenetrable  (377)  to  cannon-balls. 

2.  Many  attempts  have  been  made  to  disparage  (361)  the  character 
of  Osceola  for  veracity  (566) ;  but  he  always  declared,  that  the  compact 
to  remove  was  made  without  his  knowledge. 


Expand,  enlarge,  (31.) 
Expanse,  wide  extent.  (57.) 


360.  PAL'LI-UM,  a  cloak. 

Pall,  a  covering  for  the  dead. 

(50.) 
Palliate,  extenuate.  (41.) 

361.  PAR,  equal;  like. 

1.  Peerage,  the  rank  of  a  peer. 

2.  Disparagement,  detraction. 
Disparage,  to  vilify.  (359.) 
Disparity,  inequality.  (292.) 


Palliative,  that  which  tends  to 

mitigate.  (303.) 
Palliation,  mitigation.  (5.) 


Compare,  examine  things  with 
reference  to  their  likeness. 
(113.) 


LATIN   ROOTS.  115 

/  1.  As  there  is  no  title  more  exalted,  than  that  cf  "  American  Citi- 
zen," it  is  impossible  to  raise  an  American  to  the  peerage* 

2.  Do  not  speak  in  disparagement  of  a  person,  unless  it  is  ab- 
solutely necessary. 

362.  PA'R-EQ,  I  am  present.    PAR'IT-TJM,  to  be  present. 


Apparent,  evident.  (40.) 
Appeared,  was  visible.  (142.) 


1.  Apparitions,  ghosts. 

2.  Transparent,  capable  of  be- 

ing seen  through. 

1.  Apparitions  are  not  often  visible  (571)  in  well-lighted  houses, 
inhabited  by  educated  people. 

2.  Our  comfort  is  greatly  increased  by  the  use  of  a  substance  (485), 
which  is  transparent,  and  yet  impervious  to  the  air. 

363.  PA'R-IO,  I  bring  forth.    PAR'T-UM,  to  bring  forth. 

Parent,    a  father,    or   mother.  I  Parental,  relating  to   parents. 
(122.)  I       (122.) 

364.  PA'R-O,  I  prepare.    PARA'T-UM,  to  prepare. 


Apparatus,    implements    for   a 

particular  business.  (302.) 
Unprepared,  not  ready.  (292.) 


1.  Reparation,  restitution. 

1.  Prepared,  made  ready. 

2.  Apparel,  clothing. 
2.  Impaired,  injured. 

1.  As  France  refused  to  make  reparation,  for  the  depredation 
(408)  on  our  commerce,  the  United  States  prepared  for  war. 

2.  Some  of  Stephen  Girard's  apparel,  and  household  utensils  (552), 
somewhat  impaired  by  age,  are  deposited  in  Girard  College,  Phila- 
delphia. 

365.  PARS,  (PAR'T-IS,)  a  part. 


Impartial,  not  favoring  either 

side.  (41.) 
Particle,  a  little  portion.  (13.) 
Partisan,  irregular  warfare  on 

outposts.  (334.) 

1.  To  induce  the  men,  on  board  of  a  privateer  (413),  to  exert  (477) 
themselves,  there  is  usually  &  partition  of  theorize  (409). 


1.  Partition,  division. 

Apartment,  a  room.  (177.) 
Department,  a  separate  class 
of  topics.  (241.) 


366.  PAS'C-O,  I  feed.    PAS'T-UM,  to  feed. 

1.  Pastoral,  rural.  I  2.  Pastor,    a    minister    having 

2.  Pasture,  grazing.  the  care  of  a  congregation. 

1.  David,  "the  sweet  singer  of  Israel,'*  Burns,  and  many  others, 
whom  we  love  to  extol  (533),  spent  their  youth  in  pastoral  occupa- 
tions. 

10* 


116  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

2.  In  1638,  Pastor  Davenport,  with  Eaton  and  others,  feeling  too 
much  circumscribed  (467)  by  the  narrow  limits  of  the  Plymouth  Colony, 
settled  on  the  fertile  pasture  lands  of  Connecticut. 


3.  Patrician,  one  of  the  nobility 
in  Rome. 
Compatriot,  one  of  the  same 

country.  (38.) 
Expatriate,    to   banish  from 
one's  country.  (41.) 


367.  PA'T-ER,  (PA'TR-IS,)  a  father. 

1.  Patrimony,  inheritance. 

1.  Paternal,    pertaining    to    a 

father. 

2.  Patron,  one  who  affords  as- 

sistance and  support. 
2.  Patronage,  special  support. 

1.  The  patrimony  of  General  Van  Rensselaer,  derived  from  his 
paternal  ancestor,  comprised  a  territory  forty-eight  miles  long,  and 
twenty-one  broad. 

2.  Benjamin  Franklin  was  the  patron  of  many  poor  youth,  whose 
aspirations  (499)  would  never  have  been  satisfied,  had  it  not  been  for 
his  patronage, 

3.  At  one  time,  a  patrician  of  Rome,  would  assert  that  a  plebeian 
(390)  had  no  rights,  that  any  one  was  bound  to  respect  (497). 


Impatient,  uneasy.  (203.) 
Passionate,  excited.  (185.) 
Patience,  endurance.  (28.) 


368.  PA'TI-OR,  I  suffer;  I  endure.    PAS'S-TJS,  to  suffer;  to  endure. 

1.  Passive,  unresisting. 
Compassion,  pity.  (34.) 
Compassionate,  pity.  (209.) 
Dispassionate,  calm.  (103.) 

1.  How  perverted  (565)  must  have  been  the  judgment  of  George  III., 
to  suppose  (399)  that  the  colonists  would  be  passive,  under  his  op- 
pressive enactments,  and  to  fail  to  perceive  the  result,  which  must  in- 
evitably (578)  follow  such  injustice. 

369.  PAX,  (PA'C-IS,)  peace. 

Pacific,  peace-making.  (48.)         I  Pacify,  to  quiet.  (192.) 
Pacification,  appeasing.  (200.)    |  Peace,  quiet,  (14.) 

370.  PATJ'PER,  poor. 

Pauperism,  indigence.  (320.)         |  Poor,  the  indigent.  (320.) 

371.  PECTUS,  (PECTORIS,)  the  breast. 
1.  Parapet,  breast-work. 

1.  Every  spectator  held  his  breath  in  suspense  (374)  as  Sergeant- 
Jasper  jumped  over  the  parapet,  amid  a  volley  (581;  of  shot,  and 
replaced  the  flag  on  Fort  Moultrie. 


LATIN  ROOTS. 


in 


372.  PECU'LI-TJM,  money.  PECU'NI-A,  money.  PECULA'T-TIS,  to  steal 
public  money. 


Pecuniary,   relating  to  money. 
(152.) 


1.  Peculiar,  special. 

Peculate,     to     steal     public 
property.  (152.) 

1.  It  requires  no  peculiar  talent  to  compile  (382)  a  compendium 
(374)  of  history ;  all  that  is  necessary  is,  perseverance  and  a  pen 
(378). 

373.  PEL'L-O,  I  drive.    PUL'S-UM,  to  drive. 


1.  Compulsory,  forcible. 

2.  Impulse,  force  imparted. 
2.  Impel,  force  forward. 

Compelled,  forced.  (207.) 


Expulsion,  driving  out.  (57.) 
Impulsive,  acting  from   impul- 
sion. (96.) 
Repulsive,  forbidding.  (47.) 


1.  In  all  criminal  prosecutions,  the  accused  shall  "have  compul- 
sory process  for  obtaining  witnesses." 

2.  The  impulse  given  to  a  stone,  in  a  sling,  will  impel  it  to  a 
great  distance. 


374.  PEN'D-EO,  I  hang.    PEN'D-0, 1  weigh;  I  pay  out, 
to  weigh ;  to  pay  out. 

1.  Pendulum  (of  a  clock),  a  vi- 

brating body. 

2.  Pension,  stated  allowance. 

3.  Propensity,  inclination. 

4.  Compendious,  comprehensive. 
4.  Appendix,    something   added 

at  the  end. 
Compensate,  to  give  an  equiv- 
alent. (192.) 


PEN'S-UM, 


Compendium,     an     abridgment. 

(372.) 
Dispensing,  distributing.  (209.) 
Expensive,  costing  much.  (353.) 
Impending,  hanging  over.  (243.) 


Indispensable,  requisite.  (117. 
Suspend,  to  hang.  (123.) 
Suspense,  uncertainty.  (371.) 
Suspension,  interruption.  (57.) 
Recompense,  reward.  (66.) 

1.  The  length  of  a  yard-stick  is  determined  by  the  pendulum  of 
a  clock, 

2.  Congress  gave  Molly  Pitcher  a  pension,  for  the  special  (497) 
service  rendered  by  her  at  Monmouth. 

3.  Cattle  have  such  a  propensity  for  salt  (455),  that  they  will  go 
a  great  distance  to  obtain  it. 

4.  In  some  books,  difficult  or  important  points  are  placed  in  a  com- 
pendious form,  in  an  appendix. 

375.  PE'N-E,  almost. 
1.  Peninsulas,  bodies  of  land  almost  surrounded  by  water. 

1.  It  is  a  singular  fact,  that  nearly  all  peninsulas  point  south- 
ward. 


118 


THE  MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


376.  PENI'T-EO,  I  repent. 

Penal,     enacting     punishment. 
(41.) 
Penalty,    suffering     in    conse- 
quence of  an  act.  (63.) 
Penitence,  repentance.  (247.) 


Subpo3na,  a  writ  commanding 
one  to  appear  in  court.  (191.) 

Repent,  to  feel  sorrow  for  what 
one  has  done.  (129.) 

Penitentiary,  a  prison.  (153.) 


377.  PEN'ETR-O,  I  pierce.    PENETRA'T-UM,  to  pierce. 

1.  Penetration,  acuteness.  I  Impenetrable,    not    pierceable. 

Penetrate,  to  pierce.  (144.)  (359.) 

1.  Had  Charles  I.  possessed  any  penetration,  he  would  have  ex- 
pedited (380)  the  departure  of  such  troublesome  malcontents  as  Crom- 
well and  Hampden. 

378.  PEN'N-A,  a  feather;  a  wing. 

Pen,  an  instrument  to  write  with.  (372.) 


Person,  human  being.  (4.) 
Personally,  in  person.  (98.) 


379.  PERSO'N-A,  a  person. 

1.  Personify,  to  ascribe  life  to 

inanimate  objects. 

2.  Personated,  represented. 

1.  In  most  European  languages,  every  noun  is  either  masculine  or 
feminine  gender  ;  but  in  the  English,  things  without  life  are  all  neuter  ; 
and  this  enables  us  to  personify  them  —  that  is,  speak  of  them  as 
persons. 

2.  Alfred  the  Great  personated  a  harper,  and  thus  obtained  access 
to  the  Danish  camp. 


380.  PES,  (PE'D-IS,)  a  foot. 

1.  Peddler,  a  travelling  trader. 

1.  Pedestrian,   a    traveller    on 
foot. 
Expediency,  fitness  of  meas- 
ures to  secure   a   desirable 
end.  (141.) 


BiPED,a  two-footed  animal.  (147.) 
Expedition,  an  important  en- 
terprise at  some  distance.  (25.) 
Expedited,  hastened.  (377.) 
Impediment,  hindrance.  (75.) 
Quadruped,  a  four-footed  ani- 
mal. (147.) 

1.  A  peddler,  especially  if  he  is  a  pedestrian,  has  a  fine  oppor- 
tunity to  explore  (393)  a  country. 

381.  PE'T-0, 1  seek.    PETI'T-TJM,  to  seek. 

1.  Appetite,  desire  for  food. 

2.  Repetition,  the  doing  again 

3.  Competition,  rivalry. 


4.  Impetuous,  headstrong. 
Competent,  capable.  (306.) 
Petulant,  peevish.  (47.) 


LATIN    ROOTS.  119 

1.  The  cold  climate  of  Greenland  gives  the  Esquimaux  an  appe- 
tite, which  enables  him  to  eat  train  oil  and  walrus  flesh  with  voracity 
(686). 

2.  Constant  repetition,  and  close  attention,  united,  form  the  best 
art  of  memorizing. 

3.  The  Navigation  Acts  destroyed  all  competition  in  business,  by 
compelling  the  colonists  to  buy  and  sell  in  England. 

4.  The  impetuous  character  of  Lee  brought  him  into  many  serious 
difficulties. 

382.  PI'L-O,  I  pillage;  I  rob. 

1.  Pillage,  robbing.  I  Compile,  to  select  and  put  to- 

I       gether.  (372.) 

1.  Many  of  the  Arabs  perform  no  labor,  but  live  entirely  by  pil- 
lage. 

383.  PIN'G-O,  I  paint.    PIC'T-TJM,  to  paint. 

1.  Picturesque,  fitted  to  form  a  I  Depict,  describe.  (228.) 
pleasing  picture.  ' 

1.  The  scenery  of  New  Hampshire  is  so  picturesque,  that  the 
State  is  called  the  "  Switzerland  of  America." 

384.  PI'-O,  I  appease  by  sacrifice.    PIA'T-UM,  to  appease  by  sacrifice. 

1.  Expiatory,  having  power  to  I  Expiate,  to  atone  for.  (357.) 
atone.  ' 

1.  The  sense  of  guilt  is  so  implanted  (387)  in  the  human  heart,  that, 
in  all  ages,  and  in  all  nations,  men  have  offered  expiatory  sacrifices. 

385.  PI'-US,  pious;  religious. 

1.  Impiously,  profanely. 

1.  The  Romans,  knowing  the  antipathy  of  the  Jews  to  swine,  im- 
piously sacrificed  them  on  the  altar,  consecrated  (453)  to  the  worship 
-of  God. 


386.  PLA'C-EO,  I  please. 

1.  Complacence,  satisfaction. 
Implacable,    not    to    be    ap- 
peased. (129.) 

1.  William  Penn  could  not  but  feel  complacence  at  the  prosper- 
ous condition  of  b:s  colony. 


Placid,  tranquil.  (46.) 
Pleasure,  satisfaction.  (141.) 


120 


THE    MODEL  ETYMOLOGY. 


387.  PLAN'T-A,  a  plant. 

1.  Supplant,  to  displace  by  tak- 
ing the  place  of  the  ejected 
person. 
Implanted,  deepty  fixed. (384.) 
Plant,  a  vegetable.  (14.) 


Plantain,  an  herb.  (286.) 
Plantation,  a  farm.  (161.) 
Transplanting,    removing   and 

planting     in    another    place. 

(40.) 


1.   Conway  sent  a  letter  to  Washington,  explanatory  (888)  of  his  con- 
duct, in  reference  to  the  attempt  to  supplant  Washington. 

388.  PLA'N- US,  plain ;  smooth ;  evident. 

Explanatory,  containing  expla-  I  Explains,     makes    intelligible, 
nation.  (387.)  ! 

389.  PLATJ'D-0,  I  clap  ;  I  applaud. 

1.  Plausible,  right  in  appear- 
ance. 

Applaud,  join  in  applause 
(205.) 

Applause,  expression  of  ap- 
probation. (135.) 


(40.) 

PLATJ'S-UM,  to  clap ;  to  applaud. 

Exploded,  burst  with  a  loud 
report.  (227.) 

Explosion,  violent  bursting. 
(105.) 

Explosive,  liable  to  cause  ex- 
plosion. (60.) 


1.  Duche\  who  opened  the  first  Continental  Congress,  with  a  solemn 
invocation  (580),  soon  after  addressed  a  letter  to  Washington,  using 
the  most  plausible  arguments,  to  induce  him  to  desert  (477)  the 
American  cause. 

390.  PLEBS,  (PLE'B-IS,)  the  common  people. 
Plebeian,  one  of  the  common  people.  (367.) 

PLE'N-US,  full. 


Accomplished,  performed.  (48.) 
Complement,  full  number.  (334.) 
Completely,  perfectly.  (314.) 
Replete,  filled.  (76.) 
Supply,  to  furnish.  (133.) 
Supplying,  providing,  (10.) 


391.  PLE'-O,  I  fill.    PLE'T-UM,  to  fill. 

1.  Expletive,  something  added 

to  fill  up. 

2.  Implements,  tools. 

3.  Plenipotentiary,  full. 

4.  Plentiful,  abundant. 

5.  Complete,  perfect. 
5.  Supplement,   an  addition  to 

supply  defects. 

1.  The  adverb  "there,"  is  frequently  used  simply  to  introduce  a 
sentence,  and  is  then  considered  a  mere  expletive* 

2.  There  has  been  great  improvement  in  the  mechanism  of  all  kinds 
of  implements. 

3.  In  1795,  Mr.  Jay,  our  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  England, 
concluded  the  treaty  which  beLrs  his  name. 

4.  Artesian  wells,  which  provide  &  plentiful  supply  of  water,  have 
been  sunk  in  the  deserts  of  Africa. 


LATIN   ROOTS.  121 

5.  So  many  inventions  are  patented  every  year,  that  no  Dictionary 
of  Arts  and  Sciences  is  complete  without  a  supplement, 

392.  PLI'C-O,  I  fold.    PLICA'T-TJM,   to  fold.    PLEC'T-O,   I  twine  or 
weave.    PLEX'-UM,  to  twine  or  weave. 

Apply,  to  fix  closely.  (167.) 
Applying,  laying  on.  (308.) 
Complexion,  the  hue  of  the  skin 
(184. 


1.  Complicated,  intricate. 

1.  Accomplice,  a  person  joined 

in  a  plot. 

2.  Explicit,  clear. 
Application,   the   act  of  ap- 

plying.  (102.) 


Implicate,  to  involve.  (105.) 
Pliant,  easily  bent.  (21.) 

1.  It  was  scarcely  possible,  that  Burr  would  undertake  such  a  com- 
plicated  affair,  as  the  formation  of  an  empire,  without  an  accom- 
plice, 

2.  The  Constitution  makes  an  explicit  statement,  that  "  all  debts 
contracted  before  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  shall  be  valid 
against  the  United  States." 

393.  PLO'R-0,  I  cry;  I  bewail.    PLORA'T-TJM,  to  cry;  to  bewail. 

1.  Implored,  besought.  I  Deplore,  regret.  (48.) 

Deplorable,  lamentable.  (58.)  |  Explore,  to  examine.  (380.) 

1.  When  the  Northmen  invaded  England,  the  wretched  inhabitants 
implored  the  Remans  to  aid  them,  in  expelling  their  assailants  (456). 

394.  PLTJM'B-UM,  lead. 

Plummet,  a  leaden  weight  at  the  end  of  a  line.  (300.) 

395.  PLUS,  (PLU'B-IS,)  more. 

1.  Plurality,  the  greater  num-  .  2.  Surplus,  what  is  over, 
ber.  I 

1.  In  the  Presidential  election  of  1800,  neither  Jefferson  nor  Burr 
had  a  plurality  of  votes. 

2.  In  1835,  the  national  debt  was  extinguished;  and,  in  1837,  the 
surplus  was  distributed  among  the  States. 

396.  PO'LI-0,  I  polish.    POLI'T-UM,  to  polish. 

1.  Polished,  smooth  and  glossy.  I  2.  Politeness,  elegance  of  man- 

'  ners. 

1.  Before  glass  was  manufactured,  polished  plates  of  metal  were 
used  for  mirrors. 

2.  Benjamin  Franklin,  at  the  French  Court,  was  noted  for  his  po- 
liteness and  suatity  (509)  of  manners. 


122 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


397.  PO'M-TJM,  an  apple. 

I.  Pomological,  relating  to  fruit. 

1.  Poniological  societies  have  done  much  to  improve  the  fruit- 
trees  of  the  country. 

398.  PON'D-US,  (PON'DER-IS,)  a  weight. 

Ponderous,  heavy.  (82.)  |  Preponderates,  exceeds.  (19.) 

399.  PO'N-O,  I  put  or  place.    POS'IT-TJM,  to  put  or  place. 


1.  Transposing,  putting  each  into 

the  place  of  the  other. 

2.  Postpone,  to  put  off. 
Composure,  tranquility.  (68.) 
Decomposed,  resolved  into  its 

constituent  parts.  (225.) 
Deposition,        displacement. 
(110.) 

Disposition,  temper.  (240.) 
Position,  situation.  (306.) 


Exposure,   state  of  being  laid 

bare.  (215.) 
Impost,  a  tax  laid  on  goods  im- 
ported. (162.) 
Imposition,  a  cheat.  (266.) 
Interpose,  interfere.  (54.) 
Opponent,  an  antagonist.  (13.) 
Proposition,  proposal.  (167.) 
Repose,  to  place.  (45.) 
Suppose,  to  imagine.  (368.) 


1.  Any  verb  in  the  past  tense,  may  be  rendered  subjunctive  in  mean- 
ing, by  transposing  the  verb  and  the  nominative;  thus:  "I  had  a 
book."     "Had  I  a  book.?" 

2.  Penn  intended  to  visit  Pennsylvania  in  1692 ;  but,  being  deprived 
of  his  charter,  was  compelled  to  postpone  his  visit,  until  1699. 


400.  POP' UL-TJS,  the  people.    PUB'LIC-0,  I  publish. 

Population,  the  whole  number 
of  people.  (71.) 


1.  Publicity,  general  notoriety. 
1.  Publish,  send  out  to  the  pub- 
lic. 

People,  a  nation.  (3.) 
Populace,  the  common  people. 

(38.) 
Popular,  suitable  to  people  in 
general.  (39.) 


Populous,  full  of  people.  (71.) 
Public,  open  to  the  knowledge 

of  all.  (146.) 
Publication,  publishing.  (31.) 
Unpopular,  not  favored  by  the 

people.  (327.) 


1.  To  secure  pMblidtjfto  the  Acts  of  Congress,  the  Constitution 
provides,  that  "Each  House  shall  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings, 
and,  from  time  to  time,  publish  the  same." 

401.  POE'T-A,  a  gate. 
1.  Portals,  entrances.  Port,  place  of  entry.  (215.) 

1.  One  of  the  portals  of  the  Temple  at  Jerusalem  was  beautifully 
ornamented. 


LATIN    ROOTS.  123 

402.  POR'T-0,  I  carry. 


Import,   to  bring  into  a  coun- 
try. (57.) 
Importunity,  urgent  solicitation. 

(177.) 
Opportune,  well-timed.  (215.) 
Opportunity,  fit  time.  (167.) 
Report,  rumor.  (92.) 
Transported,  carried.  (54.) 


1.  Portable,  easily  carried. 

2.  Inopportune,  unseasonable. 
2.  Portly,  corpulent. 
2.  Portmanteau,  valise. 
2.  Portfolio,  a  case  for  carrying 

concealed  papers. 
Export,   to   send   out  of  the 

country.  (57.) 
Important,  momentous.  (123.) 

1.  Soldiers  are  generally  compelled  to  cook  their  victuals  (579),  in 
such  utensils  as  are  portable, 

2.  Doubtless,  General  Prescott  felt  the  intrusion  (542)  of  Col.  Barton 
on  his  privacy  (413),  to  be  very  inopportune ;  while  Barton  felt  no 
compunction  (420)  of  conscience,  in  carrying  off  the  portly  old  General, 
without  giving  him  time  to  pack  his  portmanteau,  or  secure  the 
portfolio  containing  his  military  plans. 

403.  POS'S-UM,  I  am  able.    POT'-UI,  I  have  been  able. 


Impotent,  powerless.  (213.) 
Potentate,  a  monarch.  (57.) 


1.  Potent,*  powerful. 

Impossible,    not    capable    of 
being  done.  (25.) 

1.  Many  circumstances  corroborate  (446)  the  statement,  that  the 
Emperor  of  Russia  is  becoming  one  of  the  most  potent  monarchs  of 
Europe. 

404.  POSTER-US,  after. 

1.  Preposterous,  absurd.  I  Posterity,    succeeding   genera- 

tions. (290.) 

1.  "How  preposterous"  said  some  one  to  Columbus,  "to  sup- 
pose that  we  are  on  the  surface  of  a  ball,  that  is  turning  round !  How 
do  we  keep  from  falling  off?" 

405.  POS'TUL-0,  I  demand.    POSTULA'T-UM,  to  demand. 
Expostulated,  reasoned  earnestly  with  a  view  to  dissuade.  (223.) 

406.  POR'R-0,  forth;  farther. 

1.  Portend,  to  foretoken.     (See  l  Portentous,  ominous.   (SeeTEN- 
Tendo.)  (174.)  I       do.)  (68.) 

1.  During  the  "dark  ages,"  the  approach  (415)  of  a  comet  spread 
consternation  (503)  among  the  ignorant  masses,  as  it  was  thought  to 
portend  some  dire  calamity 
11 


124 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


407.  PEE  C-OR,  I  entreat.    PRECA'T-US,  to  entreat. 
Deprecate,  regret  deeply.  (25.)     I  Precarious,  uncertain.  (318.) 


Predatory,  plundering.  (103.) 


408.  PRJE'D-A,  prey ;  plunder. 

Depredation,  spoliation.  (364.) 
Depredator,  a  robber.  (184.) 

409.  PREHEN'D-0,  I  seize.    PREHEN'S-TJM,  to  seize. 


Apprehended,  arrested.  (144.) 
Apprised,  informed.  (187.) 
Comprehend,  take  into  the  mind. 

(135.) 
Comprised,  included.  (26.) 
Enterprise,     an    undertaking. 

(101.) 
Impregnable,  not  to  be  taken. 
(58.) 

410.  PRE'M-0,  I  press.    PRES'S-TJM,  to  press. 


Incomprehensible,  not  to  be  un- 
derstood. (176.) 

Prize,  that  which  is  taken  in 
contest.  (365.) 

Reprehensible,     blameworthy. 
(272.) 

Surprise,  astonishment  at  some- 
thing unexpected.  (3.) 


1.  Compressible,     yielding     to 
pressure. 

1.  Pressure,  force  bearing  upon. 

2.  Impression,  a  mark  made  by 

pressure. 
Express,  to  squeeze  out. (199.) 


Oppressive,     unjustly     severe. 

(210.) 
Oppressed,  down-trodden.  (251.) 
Oppression,      unjust      severity. 

(133.) 
Print,  publish.  (158.) 


1.  Cotton  is  so  compressible,  that,  under  a  high  pressure,  its 
bulk  can  be  greatly  reduced. 

2.  Robinson  Crusoe  was  startled,  when  he  saw  the  impression 
of  a  man's  foot  on  the  sand. 

411.  PRE'CIUM,  (for  PRETIUM,)  price;  esteem. 


Appreciate,  to  estimate  justly. 
(301.) 

412.  PRI'M-TJS,  first. 

Primroses,    roses    which    open 
early  in  the  spring.  (199.) 


Depreciated,  lessened  in  value. 

(31.) 
Precious,  valuable.  (16.) 


Prince,  son  of  a  king.  (337.) 
Prior,  antecedent.  (176.) 


413.  PRI'V-US,  one's  own ;  not  public. 

Privateer,  a  vessel  commanded 


1.  Deprive,  to  take  away  from. 

2.  Privily,  secretly. 
Privacy,  retirement.  (402.) 
Private,  secret.  (247.) 


by  a  private  person,  bearing 
a  commission  to  capture  the 
property  of  citizens  of  another 
nation.  (365.) 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


125 


1.  So  vindictive  (574)  were  the  feelings  of  Charles  II.,  towards  Crom- 
well, that  he  determined  to  deprive  the  body  of  decent  burial. 

2.  Many  Puritans,  perceiving  that  the  virulence  (577)  of  their  ene- 
mies increased,  endeavored  to  leave  privily,  but  were  arrested  (485) 
by  Charles  I. 


PROBA'T-UM,  to  prove,  to  try. 

Improve,  to  do  better.  (247.) 

Probation,  trial.  (247.) 

Probe,  to  examine  by  thrusting 

in  an  instrument.  (149.) 
Prove,  to  test.  (225.) 


414.  PRO'B-0, 1  approve,  I  try. 

1.  Probable,  likely. 

Approbation,        satisfaction. 

(58.) 
Approve,     be   pleased  with. 

(187.) 
Disproved,  confuted.  (252.) 

1.  It  is  probable,  that  Africa  and  South  America  were  once 
united,  and  that  the  disruption  (451)  was  effected  by  some  sudden  con- 
vulsion (557)  of  nature. 

415.  PROP  E,  near.    PEOX'IM-US,  nearest,  next. 

1.  Approximate,  como  near.  I  Proximity,  immediate  nearness. 

Approach,  advance.  (406.)  (42.) 

1.  We  cannot  obtain  exactly  the  square  root  of  .1,  but  we  can  up* 
proximate  to  it,  by  means  of  decimals. 


Proprietor,  a  person  who  re- 
ceived a  grant  of  land  in  let- 
ters patent  from  the  king. 
(208.) 


416.  PRO'PRI-US,  belonging  to. 

Appropriate,  suitable.  (21.) 
Property,  that  which  belongs  to 

a  person  or  thing.  (84.) 
Propriety,  justness.  (3.) 

417.  PITER,  a  boy. 

1.  Puerile,  childish. 

1.  James  I.  spent  much  of  his  time  in  diversions  (565)  of  the  most 
puerile  character. 


418.  PUG'N-A,  a  battle. 

1.  Pugnacious,  disposed  to  fight. 

2.  Pugilist,  one  who  fights  with 

the  fists. 


Repugnance,  aversion.  (44.) 
Repugnant,  adverse.  (335.) 


1.  A  pugnacious,  quarrelsome  disposition,  will  be  very  likely  to 
bring  a  person  into  trouble. 

2.  A  person  must  undergo  a  severe  training,  before  he  can  be  an  ex- 
pert pugilist. 


126 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


419.  PTJL'V-IS,  (PUL'VER-IS,)  dust. 

1.  Pulverize,  to  reduce  to  pow-  I  2.  Pulverization,  the  reducing 
der.  |        to  powder. 

1.  Many  spices  are  so  pungent  (420),  that  it  is  necessary  to  pulver- 
ize them  before  using. 

2.  The  pulverization  of  many  substances  can  be   effected,  by 
grinding,  or  beating. 

420.  PUN'G-0, 1  sting,  I  point.    PUNC'T-TJM,  to  sting,  to  point. 

1.  Puncture,  pierce. 

2.  Punctuality,     adherence    to 

the   exact   time   of  an   ap- 
pointment. 

1.  To  perform  vaccination,  puncture  the  skin,  and  insert  a  small 
particle  of  vaccine  matter. 

2.  The  want  of  punctuality  in  business  transactions,  has  ruined 
many  enterprising  men. 

3.  Very  little  attention  was   paid  to  punctuation,  or  capitals, 
until  the  fifteenth  cCntury. 


3.  Punctuation,  the  art  of  point- 
ing written  language. 
Compunction,  sting.  (402.) 
Pungent,  biting.  (419.) 


421.  PU'NI-0, 1  punish.    PUNI'T-UM,  to  puuisn. 


Impunity,  freedom  from  punish- 
ment. (23.) 


Punishable,   liable  to    punish- 
ment. (275.) 


422.  PU'T-0,  I  think.    PTJTA'T-UM,  to  think. 


1.  Imputed,  ascribed. 

2.  Deputation,  persons  commis- 

sioned. 

3.  Deputed,   appointed  as  sub- 

stitute. 


4.  Amputation,  cutting  off. 

Deputy-Governor,  one  who 
acts  in  place  of  the  Gov- 
ernor. (298.) 

Reputation,  character.  (92.) 


1.  Many  atrocities  have  been  imputed  to  Brant,  but  it  does  not 
appear  that  he  was  responsible  (501)  for  the  Wyoming  massacre. 

2.  In  1781,  the  soldiers  at  Morristown,  having  suffered  greatly 
from  want  of  their  regular  (438)  pay,  mutinied ;  but  while  on  their 
way  to  Philadelphia,  they  were  met  by  a  deputation  from  Con- 
gress, who  relieved  their  immediate  wants. 

3.  The  charter  having  been  restored  to  Penn,  in  1694,  he  deputed 
his  friend,  William  Markham,  to  take  charge  of  the  Colony. 

4.  Santa  Anna  was  so  severely  wounded  in  the  leg,  that  amputa- 
tion was  necessary,  and  a  wooden  one  was  substituted  (485). 


W 


LATIN  ROOTS. 


127 


423.  QUA'L-IS,  such  as ;  of  what  kind. 


3.  Qualify,  to  render  capable. 
Disqualified,  rendered  unfit. 
(152.) 


1.  Qualifications,   natural    en- 

dowments which  fit  a  person 
for  a  place. 

2.  Quality,  character. 

1.  When  the  Constitution  was  framed,  there  were  many  diverse  (565) 
opinions,  as  to  the  qualifications  necessary  for  the  Presidency. 

2.  The  Tyrians  manufacture  a  purple  cloth,  of  very  superior  qual- 
ity, designed  for  the  vesture  (568)  of  kings. 

3.  Lincoln   spent   months   in    the  study  of  Geometry,  in  order  to 
qualify  himself  to  demonstrate  any  proposition  in  law. 

424.  QTJAN'T-US,  how  great  ,*  how  much. 
Quantity,  amount.  (111.) 

425.  QTJAS'S-UM,  to  shake. 

1.  Concussion,  violent  agitation.  |  Discuss,  to  debate.  (214.) 

I  Discussion,  debate.  (13.) 

1.  The  mere  concussion :of  the  air,  produced  by  cannonading,  haa 
often  proved  very  detrimental  (526)  to  health. 

426.  QUAR'T-TJS,  the  fourth.    QUAD'R-A,  a  square. 


1.  Quart,  the  fourth  part  of  a 

gallon. 

2.  Squadron,  a  detachment  of 

ships  of  war. 


Quarantine,  restraint  of  inter- 
course to  which  a  ship  is  sub- 
jected on  suspicion  of  being 
infected.  (152.) 


1.  A  quart,  beer  measure,  contains  12|  cubic  inches  more  than  a 
quart,  wine  measure.     This  is  to  allow  for  the  froth  of  the  beer. 

2.  In    1778,  France,  having   formed   an   alliance  with   the   United 
States,  sent  a  squadron  to  aid  the  American  cause. 

427.  QUE'R-OK,  I  complain. 

1.  Quarrel,  to  contend  angrily,    i  1.  Quarrelsome,  easily  provoked 

I  to  contest. 

1.  It  is  easy  to  quarrel,  if  you  are  of  a  quarrelsome  dispo- 
sition. 

428.  QTLffi'RO,  I  seek ;  I  ask.    QTUESPT-UM,  to  seek ;  to  ask. 

1.  Quest,  search. 

2.  Perquisites,  fees. 

3.  Requisition,  demand. 
Acquire,  to  obtain.  (117.) 
Acquisition,    the    obtaining, 

(167.) 
Conquest,  subjugation.  (57.) 
11* 


Exquisite,  excessively  nice.  ( 165.  * 
Inquires,  asks.  (138.) 
Inquisitive,  prying.  (123.) 
Query,  question.  (158.) 
Question,  a  doubt.  (13.) 
Requiring,  demanding.  (285.) 
Requisite,  necessary.  (200.) 


128  THE  MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

1.  The  sanguine  temperament  (519)  of  Ponce  de  Leon,  led  him  to  go 
in  quest  of  a  fountain,  whose  waters  would  restore  youth  and  beauty 
to  his  wrinkled  visage  (571). 

2.  In  some  offices,  the  amount  of  the  perquisites  is  greater  than 
the  salary  (455). 

3.  When  a  requisition  is  made  for  a  person  charged  with  crime, 
the  Governor  must  not  deliver  him  to  irresponsible  (501)  parties,  nor 
resort  to  any  evasion  (553)  to  withhold  him. 

429.  QtTC'ES,  (QTIIE'T-IS,)  rest. 

1.  Acquiesced,  rested  satisfied.      |  2.  Quiescence,  state  of  repose. 

1.  In  1701,  the  people  of  Delaware  refused  to  be  united  to  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  Penn  acquiesced  in  their  decision. 

2.  Although  Charles  V.  resigned  his  regal  (438)  power,  he  did  not 
find  that  quiescence  which  he  expected. 

430.  QUIN'QTJE,  five. 

1.  Quintillion,  a  million  twice  multiplied  by  a  million. 

1.  It  requires  nineteen  figures  to  express  one  quintillion,  and 
twenty-one  figures  to  express  one  hundred  quintillions. 

431.  QTTOT,  how  many. 
1.  Quota,  just  share. 

1.  When  war  breaks  out,  every  State  is  required  to  furnish  its 
quota  of  troops. 

432.  RA'EI-ES,  madness. 
Ravings,  wild,  delirious  talk.  (216.) 

433.  RA'DI-TJS,  a  rod,  a  spoke. 

Irradiates,  illuminates.  (276.)     I  Rays,  lines  of  light.  (276.) 
Radiance,  effulgence.  (46.)  | 

434.  KA'DIX,  (BADI'C-IS,)  a  root. 

Eradicates,  roots  out.  (336.) 

435.  KA'D-0, 1  shave.    RA'S-TIM,  to  shave. 

1.  Razed,  demolished.  |  2.  Erasure,  obliteration. 

1.  After  the  taking  of  Jerusalem,  the  city  was  first  given  over  to 
rapine  (437),  and  then  razed  to  its  foundations. 

2.  The  erasure  of  lead-pencil  marks,  is  easily  effected  by  means 
of  India-rubber. 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


129 


436.  RAN'C-EO,  I  am  stale  or  rancid. 
1.  Rancorous,  malignant. 

1.  The  Pequods  secretly  cherished  the  most  rancorous  feelings 
towards  the  Connecticut  settlers. 


437.  RA'P-IO,  I  snatch. 
Rapacious,  greedy.  (26.) 
Rapid,  swift.  (185.) 
Rapidly,  swiftly.  (25.) 


RAP'-TUM,  to  snatch. 

Rapine,  plunder.  (435.) 
Rapture,  ecstasy.  (30.) 
Ravage,  to  lay  waste.  (184.) 


438.  RE'G-O,  I  direct;  I  rule.    REC'T-UM,  to  direct;  to  rule. 


1.  Regulate,  to  adjust  method- 

ically. 

2.  Incorrigible,  irreclaimable. 

3.  Correction,  making  right. 

4.  Interregnum,  the  interval  in 

which  a  throne  is  vacant  be- 
tween two  reigns. 

5.  Rectify,  to  correct. 


Incorrect,  wrong.  (2.) 
Rectitude,  uprightness.  (44.) 
Regal,  kingly.  (429.) 
Regent,  governor.  (274.) 
Regular,    according    to    estab- 
lished laws.  (422.) 
Reign,  the  time  during  which  a 
sovereign  exercises  authority. 
(184.) 

1.  The  Constitution  vests  (568)  in  Congress,  "The  power  to  coin 
money,  regulate  the  value  thereof,''  &c. 

2.  Several  States  provide  institutions,  in  which  incorrigible  boys 
are  subjected  to  a  rigorous  (443)  discipline. 

3.  The  correction  of  a  bad  habit  is  so  difficult,  that  it  is  safest 
not  to  form  any. 

4.  Louis  XVI.  was  beheaded  in  1793,  and  Napoleon  became  First 
Consul  in  1800.  During  the  interregnum,  various  changes  were 
made  in  the  Government. 

5.  America  ought  to  have  been  called  after  Columbus,  but  it  is  now 
too  late  to  rectify  the  mistake. 

439.  RA'T-TJS,  thinking ;  judging. 

1.  Ratify,  sanction. 

2.  Ration,  fixed  allowance. 
2.  Irrational,  not  according  to 

reason. 

1 


confirmation. 


Ratification, 

(305.) 
Rational,  agreeable  to  reason. 

(58.) 

Three-fourths  of  the  States,  either  by  their  Legislatures,  or  by 
conventions,  must  ratify  an  amendment. 

2.  After  the  scanty  ration,  which  often  falls  to  the  soldier,  it  is 
not  irrational  to  suppose,  that  he  will  frequently  satiate  (463)  him- 
eelf  with  food,  obtained  from  the  enemy  by  surreptitious  (440)  means. 

440.  REPT-UM,  to  creep. 
Surreptitious,  without  proper  authority.  (439.) 


130 


THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


441.  RES,  a  thing. 
Reality,  actual  existence.  (174.) 


Realize, 
(103.) 


to    consider  as    real. 


442.  RI'DE-O,  I  laugh.    RI'S-TJM,  to  laugh. 


Deride,  laugh  at  in  a  contemptu- 
ous manner.  (117.) 
Derision,  ridicule.  (148.) 
Ridicule,  derision.  (213.) 
Ridiculed,  made  sport  of.  (217.) 

443.  RI'G-EO,  I  am  stiff  (as  with  cold). 


Ridiculous,  worthy  of  ridicule. 
Risible,  pertaining  to  laughter. 


Rigid,  strict.  (122.) 


|  Rigorous,  severe.  (438.) 


444.  RI'G-0, 1  water.    RIGAT-TJM.  to  water. 
1.  Irrigate,  to  water. 

1.  In  many  countries,  it  is  necessary  for  the  farmer  to  have  a  reser- 
voir (479)  of  water,  from  which  to  irrigate  his  land  in  the  dry 
season. 


2.  Arrived,  came  to. 
Derived,  drawn   from 
source.  (169.) 


some 


445.  RI'V-TTS,  a  stream. 

1.  River,  a  stream. 

1.  Rival,  a  competitor. 

2.  Rivulet,  a  little  stream. 

1.  James,  who  had  subsidized  (471)  a  large  body  of  French  troops, 
met  his  formidable  rival  on  the  banks  of  the  river  Boyne. 

2.  The  Rubicon  was  a  rivulet  separating  Italy  from  Gaul.  Caesar 
having  planned  an  invasion  (553)  of  Italy,  paused,  when  he  arrived 
at  this  river;  then,  hurrying  across,  exclaimed,  "The  Rubicon  is 
passed." 

446.  RO'B-TJR,  (ROB'OR-IS)  an  oak ;  strength. 

1.  Corroborative,    tending    to  |  Corroborate,  confirm.  (403.) 
confirm.  I  Robust,  vigorous.  (218.) 

1.  Tradition  specifies  (497)  the  exact  mountain  on  which  the  ark 
rested ;  but  travellers  find  nothing  corroborative  of  the  statement. 

447.  RO'G-O,  I  ask.    ROGA'T-UM,  to  ask. 


1.  Prerogative,    an     exclusive 

privilege. 
1.  Arrogate,   assume  to  one's 

self. 
3.  Interrogative,  containing  a 

question, 


Abrogated,  repealed.  (182.) 
Arrogance,  pride.  (117.) 
Arrogant,  haughty.  (99.) 
Derogatory,   tending  to  lessen 

in  value.  (117.) 
Interrogation,  a  question. (255.) 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


131 


1.  The  Stuarts  had  such  an  exalted  idea  of  the  «■  divine  right  of 
kings,"  that  there  was  scarcely  a  prerogative  they  did  not  claim, 
nor  a  power  they  did  not  arrogate* 

2.  The  interrogative  form  of  the  verb  is  limited  to  the  Indicative 
and  Potential  moods. 


448.  RO'T-A,  a  wheel. 

1.  Rotary,  turning  as  a  wheel 

on  its  axis. 

2.  Routine,  round  of  business. 


Rotation,  rotary  motion.  (6.) 
Rotundity,  sphericity.  (117.) 


1.  By  the  rotary  motion  of  the  earth,  a  person  living  on  the  equa- 
tor, moves  more  than  one  thousand  miles  in  an  hour. 

2.  Scholars  should  carefully  avoid  any  interruption  (451)  to  the  daily 
routine  of  school  duties. 

449.  RTJ'D-IS,  rude,  ignorant. 

1.  Rudiments,  the  beginnings  of  I  Erudite,  learned.  (117.) 
any  branch  of  knowledge. 

1.  The  most  skilful  teachers  should  be  employed  to  instruct  children 
in  the  rudiments. 

450.  RTJ'MOR,  a  common  report 

1.  Rumor,  a  common  report. 

1.  In  1778,  the  rumor,  that  a  simultaneous  (482)  attack  was  to  be 
made  on  Newport,  greatly  alarmed  the  royalists. 

451.  RUF'T-TJM,  to  break. 

Abrupt,  having  a  sudden  termi- 
nation. (123.) 

Bankrupt,  one  who  cannot  pay 
his  debts.  (108.) 

Corrupt,  decomposed.  (50.) 

Disruption,  the  act  of  breaking 
asunder.  (414.) 

452.  RTTS,  (RU'R-IS,)  the  country. 

Rural,  belonging  to  the   coun- 
try. (8.) 
Rustic,  unpolished.  (8.) 


Eruption,  a  bursting  out.  (305.) 
Interruption,      a      hindrance. 

(448.) 
Rupture,  open  hostility,  breach 

of  peace.  (189.) 
Uninterrupted,        continuous. 

(305.) 


Rusticate,    to    reside 
country.  (199.) 


in    the 


453.  SA'CER,  (SA'CR-I,)  holy,  sacred. 


Consecrated,  devoted  to  sacred 

purposes.  (385.) 
Desecrate,  to   abuse    a   sacred 

thing.  (89.) 


Sacrament,  a  religious  cere- 
mony. (290.) 

Sacrilege,  a  violation  of  what 
is  sacred.  (167.) 


132  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

454.  SA'GAX,  (SAGA'C-IS,)  knowing,  foreseeing. 

Sage,  wise.  (174.)  i  Sagacity,  discernment.  (164.) 

Sagacious,  discerning.  (117.)        I 

455.  SAL,  salt. 

1.  Saline,  consisting  of  salt.  Salt,  a  substance  used  for  sea- 

Salary,  a  fixed  annual  com-  soning.  (374.) 

pensation  for  services.  (428.) 

1.  To  satisfy  (463)  the  natural  craving  for  salt,  there  is,  in  many 
countries,  a  superabundance  (513)  cf  saline  substances. 

456.  SA'L-IO,  I  leap,  I  spring.    SAL'T-TJM,  to  leap,  to  spring. 


1.  Desultory,  immethodical. 

2.  Sally,  to  rush  out  suddenly 
2.  Assail,  to  attack. 


Assailants,  those  who  make  an 

attack.  (393.) 
Insult,  an  affront.  (151.) 
Result,  effect.  (15.) 

1.  Desultory  reading  is  of  little  practical  utility  (552),  and  -is  a 
great  detriment  (526)  to  the  mind. 

2.  Gansevoort,  besieged  in  Fort  Schuyler,  determined  to  sally  from 
the  fort,  and  assail  the  enemy. 

457.  SA'L-US,  (SALTJ'T-IS,)  health,  safety. 


1.  Salutation,  greeting. 

2.  Salutatory,  introductory  ora- 

tion at  a  Commencement. 


Salubrity,  tendency  to  promote 

health.  (103.) 
Salutary,  advantageous.  (58.) 

1.  Great  diversity  exists  in  the  conventional  (559)  forms  of  saluta- 
tion. The  ancient  Greeks  avoided  all  verbiage  (561),  and  simply  said, 
"  Rejoice.'' 

2.  Terseness  (524)  of  style  should  characterize  both  the  salutatory 
and  the  valedictory  (555) ;  as  the  subject  is  trite  (526),  there  is  danger, 
that  the  speaker  will  be  verbose  (561),  and  his  remarks  not  pertinent 
(521). 


458.  SANC'T-TJS,  holy,  sacred. 

1.  Sanctity,  sacredness. 

2.  Sanctify,  to  make  holy. 
Sanction,  approval.  (354.) 


Sanctimonious,   having  an   ap- 
pearance of  holiness.  (90.) 
Sanctuary,  a  sacred  place.  (89.) 


1.  The  Mohammedans  have  such  regard  for  the  sanctity  of  the 
Mosque,  that  they  deem  it  irreverent  (562)  to  enter  with  the  shoes  on. 

2.  Many  things,  in  this  temporal  (519)  existence,  which  are  inscruta- 
ble (468)  to  man,  may  be  intended  to  sanctify 9  and  prepare  him  for 
a  happier  condition. 


LATIN    BOOTS.  133 

459.  SAN'GU-IS,  (SAN'GUIN-IS,)  blood. 

1.  Consanguinity,    relationship  I  Sanguinary,  bloody.  (.57.) 
by  blood.  |  Sanguine,  confident.  (68.) 

1.  As  a  sovereign  of  Europe  will  not  condescend  (465)  to  espouse  (501) 
a  subject,  there  is  no  alternative  but  to  choose  a  person  already  con- 
nected by  consanguinity. 


460.  SA'N-TJS,  sound,  healthy. 

1.  Sanative,  tending  to  heal. 
Insane,  deranged.  (12.) 


Insanity,  derangement.  (145.) 
Sanity,  saneness.  (255.) 

1.  Many  years  ago,  a  medicine,  called  "  The  Elixir  of  Life,"  was 
considered  a  panacea  for  all  diseases,  till  some  sensible  (473)  physician 
proved,  by  a  careful  analysis,  that  it  contained  no  sanative  proper- 
ties. 

461.  SATI-0,  I  savor,  I  know. 

1.  Savory,     agreeable    to     the    I  Insipid,  tasteless.  (169.) 
taste.  J  Sapient,  wise,  (93.) 

1.  To  an  Esquimaux,  the  most  sumptuous  (512)  repast  is  not  so 
savory,  as  bread  saturated  (463)  with  train  oil. 

462.  SATO,  soap. 

1.  Soap,  a  substance  used  for  cleansing.     (The  result  of  the  combi- 
nation of  acid  obtained  from  fatty  bodies,  and  an  alkali.) 

1.  The  great  consumption  (512)  of  soap  and  paper,  makes  it  very 
desirable  to  find  a  substitute  (485)  for  each  of  these  indispensable 
articles. 


463.  SA'TIS,  enough. 

Insatiable,  not  to  be   satisfied, 

(89.) 
Satiate,  feed  to  the  full.  (439.) 


Satisfy,  to  gratify  wants  to  the 
full  extent.  (455.)  ^ 
Satisfactory,  sufficient.  (321.) 


Satiety,  repletion.  (306.)  j  Saturated,  soaked.  (461.) 

464.  SCA'L-A,  a  ladder. 

1.  Scale,  to  climb. 

1.  Although  Montcalm  was  a  veteran  (569),  yet  Wolfe  deceived  him, 
by  marching  against  the  Lower  Town,  while  his  ulterior  (547)  design 
was,  to  scale  the  Heights  of  Abraham,  and  attack  the  Upper  Town. 

465.  SCAN'D-0,  I  climb.    SCAN'S-TJM,  to  climb. 

Ascended,  went  up.  (80.)  J  Transcend,  rise  beyond.  (176.) 

Condescend,  stoop.  (459.) 


134 


THE   MODEL  ETYMOLOGY. 


460.  SCr-O,  I  know.    SCIEN'TI-A,  knowledge. 


Conscience,  the  knowledge  of 
right  and  wrong.  (68.) 

Conscientious,  obedient  to  the 
dictates  of  conscience.  (92.) 


467.  SCRI'B-O,  I  write.    SCRIP'T 

Conscription,  a  compulsory  en- 
rolment for  military  service. 
(293.) 

Circumscribed,  limited.  (366.) 

Describes,  gives  an  account  of. 
(187.) 

Prescribes,  gives  a  rule  of  con- 
duct. (57.) 

468.  SCBU'T-OE,  I  examine. 
Inscrutable,  unsearchable.  (458. )  i 

469.  SE'C-O,  I  cut.    SEC'T-UM,  to 
Sect,  denomination.  (123.) 


Consciousness,  the  knowledge 
of  what  passes  in  one's  own 
mind.  (357.) 

Scientific,  well  versed  in  sci- 
ence. (10.) 

TJM,  to  write. 

Scribbling,  writing  carelessly. 

(151.) 
Scriptures,  the  Bible.  (14.) 
Subscribe,  sign  with  one's  own 

hand.  (240.) 
Transcribe,  to  write  a  copy  of 

anything.  (267.) 


Scrutinizes,  examines  closely. 
(317.) 

cut. 

I  Sections,  distinct  portions.  ( 187.) 


470.  SEC'UL-TJM,  an  age. 

1.  Secular,  pertaining  to  the  present  world. 

1.  Solomon  enjoins  a  proper  supervision  (571)  over  secular  affairs, 
and  a  wise  providence  (571)  in  preparing  for  the  future. 


471.  SE'D-EO,  I  sit.    SES'S-UM,  to  sit, 

1.  Subsidiary,  aiding. 
1.  Insidious,  treacherous. 

Assiduous,  unremitting.  (207.) 

Presidency,    office  of   chief- 
magistrate.  (4.) 

Possession,  holding.  (165.) 

Reside,  to  dwell.  (207.) 

Sedate,  calm.  (103.) 

Sediment,  dregs,  (123.) 


Sedentary,  requiring  much  sit 
ting.  (104.) 

Sedition,  insurrection.  (349.) 

Session,  a  sitting.  (6.) 

Subsidized,  purchased  by  pay- 
ment of  a  subsidy.  (445.) 

Supersede,  to  take  the  place  of 
another.  (241.) 

Vice-President,  one  in  place  of 


the  chief-magistrate.  (13.) 
1.  St.  Leger's  expedition  was  intended  to  be  subsidiary  to  the 
main  campaign  ;  but,  ignorant  of  the  insidious  character  of  the  In- 
dians, he  found  himself  deserted  by  them,  in  the  time  of  his  greatest 
need. 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


135 


472.  SE*M-EN,  (SEM'IN-IS,)  seed. 
Dissemination,  general  diffusion.  (242.) 

473.  SEN'TI-O,  I  feel,  I  think.    SEN'S-TJM,  to  feel,  to  think. 


1.  Sentiments,  thoughts. 
Consent,  assent.  (191.) 
Presentiment,       foreboding. 
(44.) 


Sensible,  intelligent.  (460.) 
Sensitive,  easily  affected.  (174.) 
Sentenced,  adjudged.  (135.) 
Sentimental,  reflective.  (191.) 


1.  Many  wise  sentiments  are  contained  in  the  Proverbs  (561), 
which  have  been  transmitted  to  us,  from  ancient  philosophy. 

474.  SEPUL'CHR-UM,  a  grave. 
Sepulchre,  a  place  of  burial.  (67.) 

475.  SEFTEM,  seven. 

Septennial,  happening  every  seven  years.  (14.) 

476.  SE'QTJ-OR,  I  follow.    SECU'T-TJS,  to  follow. 


1.  Consecutive,  following  in  reg- 
ular order. 
Consequence,  by  reason  of.  (57. ) 
Execute,    carry    into    effect. 

Jm-)  ' .    . 

Obsequious,  complying  in  a 
servile  manner.  (57.) 

Obsequies,  funeral  solemni- 
ties. (64.; 


Prosecute,  to  follow  on.  (57.) 
Prosecution,  pursuit  by   effort 

of  body  or  mind.  (346.) 
Pursued,  followed,  (3.) 
Pursuit,  the  endeavor  to  attain. 

Sequel,    that    which     follows. 

(167.) 
Subsequent,  occurring  at  a  later 

period.  (96.) 


Persecuted,  pursued  with  in 
juries  and  vexations.  (46.) 
1.  In  all  text-books,  the  paragraphs  should  be  numbered  in  con- 
secutive order. 

477.  SE'R-O,  I  knit  together.    SEB/T-UM,  to  knit  together. 


Series,  a  succession  of  things. 

(57.) 
Desert,  forsake.  (389.) 


Assertor,  a  vindicator.  (152.) 
Dissertation,  a  treatise.  (204.) 
Deserters,  those  who  desert.  (11.) 
Exert,  to  put  into  action.  (365.) 

478.  SER'P-O,  I  creep. 
Serpentine,  winding.  (294.) 

479.  SER'V-O,  I  watch,  I  preserve.    SEKVA'T-TJM,  to  watch,  to  pre- 
serve. 


Observing,  watching.  (19.) 
Preservation,  being  kept  from 
decay.  (135.) 
12 


Preserve,  save.  (177.) 
Reservoir,  a  cavity  for  holding 
a  fluid.  (444.) 


136 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Servant,  one  who  serves.  (50.) 
Servile,  slavish.  (111.) 
Servitude,  slavery.  (52.) 

i  480.  SEVE'R-TJS,  severe. 

Asseveration,  solemn  assertion. 
(335.) 

Perseverance,  constancy  in  pur- 
suit. (28.) 

481.  SIG'N-TJM,  a  sign,  a  seal. 

1.  Ensign,  a  standard. 

1.  Designate,  to  point  out. 

Insignificant,    unimportant. 
(252.) 

Resigned,  gave  up.  (38.) 

1.  In  battle,  each  of  the  tribes  of  Israel  carried 
designate  its  place  in  the  field. 


Subservient,  useful  in  promot- 
ing some  end.  (117.) 


Severely,  sharply.  (13.) 
Severity,  harshness.  (254.) 


Signals,  those  things  which  give 

notice.  (287.) 
Sign,    to    affix    the    signature. 

(272.) 


an  ensign,  to 


482.  SIM'IL-IS,  like. 

1.  Assimilate,  become  like. 

2.  Dissemble,  hide  under  a  false 

appearance. 
Dissimulation,  hypocrisy.  (41.) 


Similarity,  resemblance.  (38.) 
Similar,  like.  (101.) 
Simultaneous,  at  the  same  time. 
(450.) 


1.  Insensibly,  we  assimilate,  in  character,  to  the  persons  with 
whom  we  associate. 

2.  There  is  something  beautiful  in  the  character  of  one,  who  will 
neither  dissemble,  nor  act  from  a  sinister  (483)  motive,  but  will  always 
speak  the  words  of  truth  and  verity  (566). 

483.  SINIS'TER,  on  the  left  hand;  bad. 
Sinister,  dishonest.  (482.) 

484.  SI'N-US,  a  fold,  a  bosom. 

Insinuate,  to  introduce  bv  art- 
ful means.  (210.) 

485.  SIS'T-O,  or  ST-0, 1  stand,  I  set  up.      STA'T- TJM,  to  stand,  to  set  up. 


Insinuation,  a  hint.  (117.) 


1.  Interstices,    narrow    spaces 

between  things. 

2.  Stationary,  fixed. 

2.  Constitute,  compose. 

3.  Subsistence,  support. 

3.  Restitution,  giving  back. 
3.  Stability,  steadiness. 


Arrested,  apprehended.  (413.) 
Circumstance,  event.  (102.) 
Constant,  continual.  (6.) 
Constantly,  continually.  (31.) 
Constitution,    established    sys- 
tem of  laws.  (4.) 
Destitute,  needy.  (83.) 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


m 


Distant,  remote.  (287.) 
Establish,  to  settle  firmly.  (99.) 
Existence,  being.  (301.) 
Extant,  now  in  being.  (354.) 
Instant,  a  point  of  time.  (118.) 
Instance,  example.  (207.) 
Instituted,  established.  (290.) 
Obstacle,  that  which  stands  in 

the  way.  (83.) 
Resist,  to  withstand.  (14.) 
Persistent,  persevering.  (283. 


Stature,  tbQ  height  of  a  person. 

(149.)  m      ; 

Substitute,  that  which  is  put  in 

the  place  of  something  else. 

(462.) 
Substituted,   put  in    place   of 

something  else.  (422.) 
Substantial,  solid.  (210.) 
Superstition,   belief  in   omens 

and  prognostics.  (257.) 
Substance,  material.  (362.) 


1.  The  settlers  of  America  built  their  houses  of  logs,  filling  the  in- 
terstices with  clay.  Sometimes,  before  the  clay  had  time  to  con-? 
solidate  (488),  a  wolf  would  obtrude  (542)  his  unwelcome  nose  be- 
tween the  logs,  and  produce  quite  a  tumult  (544)  among  the  children. 

2.  Stars  are  Stationary  bodies.  The  planets,  which  constitute 
our  solar  (487)  system,  revolve  (584)  around  the  sun. 

3.  The  Arabs  depend  on  plunder  for  subsistence  ;  and  though  the 
Pacha  often  promises  restitution  of  the  stolen  goods,  yet,  such  is 
the  lack  of  stability  in  the  Government,  that  the  promise  is  seldom 
kept. 

486.  SO'CI-US,  a  companion. 
Associated,  united.  (301.) 
Association,  society.  (13.) 
Sociable,  familiar.  (240.) 


Social,   pertaining   to    society. 

(116.) 
Society,  the  community.  (80.) 


487.  SOL,  (SO'E-IS, )  the  sun. 
Solar,  pertaining  to  the  sun.  (485.) 


488.  SOL'ID-TJS,  solid. 

Consolidate,  to  form  into  a  com- 
pact mass.  (485.) 
Solid,  not  fluid.  (19.) 


Solidify,  to  make  solid.  (112.) 
Soldiery,  the  body  of  military 
men.  (3.) 


SOLA'T-US,  to  comfort,  to  soothe. 

Disconsolate,  sorrowful.  (129.) 
Solace,  comfort.  (171.) 


489.  SO'L-OR,  I  comfort,  I  soothe. 

1.  Inconsolable,  not  to  be  com- 
forted. 
Consoled,  cheered.  (270.) 

1.  If  there  were  no  resurrection  (514),  and  the  spiritual  (499)  nature 
could  be  reduced  to  nonentity  (511),  we  might  well  be  inconsolable 
at  the  death  of  friends. 


490.  SO'L-US,  alone  j,  only. 

Desolate,  cheerless.  (228.) 
Solitary,  living  alone.  (12.) 


Solitude,  a  lonely  place.  (192.) 


138  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


491.  SOL'V-0, 1  loose.    SOLU'T-UM,  to  loos©. 

3.  Absolution,  remission. 
Absolute,  unconditional. 


1.  Soluble,  capable  of  being  dis- 
solved. 

1.  Solution,  diffused  through  a 

fluid. 

2.  Solvency,  ability  to  pay. 

3.  Dissolute,  loose  in  morals. 


(108.; 
Insolvent,  not  able  to  pay. 

(335.) 
Resolved,  determined.  (195.) 


1.  Many  substances,  not  soluble  in  water,  can  be  held  in  solu- 
tion by  alcohol. 

2.  During  the  "Great  Money  Pressure"  of  1837,  many  of  the  most 
respectable  (497)  merchants,  whose  solvency  had  never  been  doubted, 
became  bankrupt. 

3.  When  Charles  II.  took  a  retrospect  (497)  of  hi?  dissolute  life,  he 
was  terrified  at  the  thought  of  the  retribution  (541)  that  awaited  him ; 
and,  borne  down  by  the  prostration  (503)  of  disease,  he  besought  ab- 
solution for  all  his  sins. 

492.  SOM'N-US,  sleep. 

1.  Somnambulist,  one  who  walks  in  sleep. 

1.  A  somnambulist  will  sometimes  traverse  (565)  a  dangerous 
path,  and  not  evince  (573)  the  slightest  fear. 


493.  SO'N-TJS,  a  sound. 

Consonant,  a  letter  which  can 
be  sounded  only  in  connection 
with  a  vowel.  (142.) 


Sound,  a  noise.  (88.) 


494.  SOBS,  (SOR'T-IS,)  a  sort,  lot,  share. 

Consort,  a  wife.  (146.)  I  Resort,    to    have  recourse   to. 

1       (22.) 

495.  SPAR'S-TIM,  to  strew,  to  scatter. 

1.  Interspersing,  scattering  be-      Sparsely,  thinly  scattered.  (217.) 

tween. 

2.  Aspersion,  calumny. 

1.  In  the  tuition  (543)  of  little  children,  care  should  be  taken  to 
diversify  (565)  the  exercises,  by  interspersing  recreations  and 
lighter  studies,  with  those  which  are  more  wearisome. 

2.  St.  Clair,  in  order  to  prove  the  severe  strictures  (506),  passed  upon 
him,  to  be  an  aspersion  of  his  character,  was  wont  to  expatiate  (496) 
on  the  various  contingent  (517)  circumstances,  which  compelled  him  to 
surrender  Ticonderoga ;  but  his  specious  (497)  arguments  had  little 
weight,  after  his  defeat,  in  1791. 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


139 


496.  SPA'TI-TJM,  space. 

Expatiate,  to  enlarge  in  discourse.  (495.) 

497.  SPE'CI-O,  I  look,  I  see.    SPEC'T-TJM,  to  look,  to  see. 


1.  Conspicuous,  prominent. 

2.  Specific,  specified. 

2.  Perspicuity,    freedom    from 
obscurity. 
Despicable,   worthy  of   con- 
tempt. (267.) 
Disrespect,  dishonor.  (210.) 
Respect,  to  regard.  (367.) 
Respectable,   worthy   of   re- 
gard. (491.) 


Retrospect,  looking  back  on  the 

past.  (491.) 
Special,  particular.  (374.) 
Species,  a  kind.  (46.) 
Specifies,  points  out.  (446.) 
Specimen,  a  sample.  (184.) 
Specious,  plausible.  (495.) 
Spectres,  apparitions.  (336.) 
Speculated,  theorized.  (321.) 
Suspected,  mistrusted.  (167.) 


1.  In  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  in  those  parts  of  Maryland  and 
Virginia,  which  lie  contiguous  (517),  the  most  conspicuous  and 
attractive  (538)  object  is  the  Capitol. 

2.  The  specific  duty  of  the  President,  to  "  give  to  Congress  in- 
formation of  the  state  of  the  Union,"  was  formerly  performed  in  per- 
son ;  but  as  most  men  write  with  more  perspicuity  than  they  speak, 
this  information  is  now,  by  tacit  (516)  consent,  given  in  writing. 


498.  SPE'R-0, 1  hope. 

Desperate,  without  hope.  (13.) 
Desperado,  a  desperate  fellow. 
(12.) 


Prosperity,  successful  progress. 

(58.) 
Prosperous,  successful.  (164.) 


499.  SPI'B-O,  I  breathe.    SPIRA'T-TJM,  to  breathe. 

1.  Aspirant,    one  who  aims  at 

something  elevated. 

2.  Inspirit,  to  animate. 
Aspirations,  desires  for  some- 
thing higher.  (367.) 

Conspiracy,  a  plot.  (105.) 


Expired,  ceased  to  exist.  (160.) 
Inspire,  to  infuse  into  the  mind. 

(40.) 
Inspiration,  a  drawing  in  of  the 

breath.  (183.) 
Spiritual,  immaterial.  (489.) 


1.  The  Duke  of  Monmouth  was  an  aspirant  to  the  throne  of 
England,  and  so  tenacious  (521)  of  his  rights,  that  all  efforts,  to 
dissuade  (508)  him  from  invading  England,  were  in  vain. 

2.  During  Queen  Mary's  long  detention  (521)  in  prison,  her  attend- 
ants tried  to  lessen  the  intensity  (520)  of  her  grief,  and  inspirit  her 
with  fresh  hopes. 


500.  SPLEN  D-EO,  I  shine. 
Splendid,  magnificent.  (129.) 
12* 


Resplendent,  very  bright.  (89.) 


140  THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 

501.  SPON'D-EO,  I  promise.    SPON'S-UM,  to  promise. 

Irresponsible,  not  liable  for  con- 


Correspond,  to  communicate  by 

letters.  (142.) 
Espouse,  to  marry.  (459.) 


sequences.  (428.) 
Responsible,    liable    for   conse- 
quences. (422.) 


Prostrate,  lying  flat.  (46/ 
Stratum,  a  layer.  (147.) 


502.  STEL'LA,  a  star. 
Constellation,  a  cluster  of  fixed  stars.  (135.) 

503.  STER'N-0, 1  spread,  I  strew.    STRA'T-TTM*  to  spread,  to  strew, 

Consternation,    great    surprise 

mingled  with  terror.  (406.) 
Prostration,  depression.  (491.) 

504.  STIL'L-A,  a  drop. 
Distillery,  the  place  where  distilling  is  carried  on.  (57.) 

505.  STIRPS,  a  root,  or  stock. 

Extirpation,  total  destruction.  I  Extirpate,  to  root  out.  (72.) 
(228.)  I 

506.  STRIN'G-0,  I  bind.    STRICT-UM,  to  bind. 

1.  Astringent,  contracting. 
District,  circuit  of  authority. 

(71.) 
Restrain,  to  repress.  (14.) 

1.  Some  articles,  as  green  persimmons,  are  so  astringent,  that, 
when  taken  into  the  mouth,  they  distort  (535)  the  features. 

507.  STRU'-O,  I  build,  I  construct.    STRUC'T-UM,  to  build,  to  construct. 


Restrictions,  limitations.  (351.) 
Strictures,    critical    censures. 
(495.) 


1.  Construction,  formation. 

1.  Instrument,  tool. 

2.  Instruct,  to  teach. 

3.  Construed,  interpreted. 


Constructed,  built.  (153.) 
Destruction,  ruin.  (40.) 
Destructive,  ruinous.  (293.) 
Superstructure,  an  edifice.  (60.] 


1.  In  the  construction  of  Solomon's  Temple,  no  instrument 

of  iron  was  "heard  in  the  house,  while  it  was  in  building." 

2.  No  matter  what  the  abstruseness  (542)  of  the  subject,  it  is  pleas- 
ant to  instruct  those  who  desire  to  learn. 

3.  Wolsey,  convinced  that  the  King's  words  could  only  be  con- 
strued against  him,  avowed  (586)  his  determination  to  resign  his 
property  and  position. 

508.  SUA'DE-0,  I  advise.    STJA'S-UM,  to  advise 

L  Dissuasive,  advising  against,  j  Dissuade,    to   divert   from  any 

I      measure  by  persuasion.  (499.) 


LATIN   300TS. 


141 


1.  To  the  dissuasive  advice  of  bis  friends,  Wolsey  replied,  that 
the  King's  words  "were  not  equivocal  (580),  and  that  he  should  resign 
the  great  seal. 

509.  STJA'V-IS,  sweet,  pleasant. 
Suavity,  softness.  (396.) 

510.  SUI,  of  one's  self. 

Suicidal,   destructive   to  one's 
self.  (185.) 


Suicide,  self-murder.  (270.) 


511.  SUM,  lam. 
to  be. 


ES'S-E,  to  be.    EN'T-IS,  being.    FUTU'R-TJS,  about 


1.  Futurity,  the  future. 
Absent,  not  present.  (300.) 
Essence,  the  peculiar  quality. 

(199.) 
Essential,  necessary.  (44.) 


Interests,  advantages.  (293.) 
Nonentity,  nothing.  (489.) 
Present,  before  the  face.  (300.) 
Representative,  agent.  (174.) 
Representing,  exhibiting.(152.) 


1.  Astrologers  professed  to  look  into  futurity,  and  prophesy  good 
or  evil,  from  the  position  of  the  stars. 

512.  SU'M-0,  I  take.    STJMFT-UM,  to  take. 

Assumption,   the  act  of  taking 

upon  one's  self.  (293.)    ' 
Consumption,  use.  (462.) 


Presumption,  arrogance.  (99.) 
Sumptuous,  expensive.  (461.) 


513.  SU'PER,  high.    SUPE'RIOR,  higher.    STJPRE'M-US,  highest. 


1.  Superlative,  highest  in  de- 
gree. 

Insuperable,  not  to  be  over- 
come. (282.) 

Superabundance,  more  than 
enough.  (455.) 


Supercilious,  haughty.  (14.) 
Superior,  higher  in  excellence. 

(48.) 
supremacy,      supreme     power. 

(152.) 
Supreme, highest  in  power.  (149.) 


1.  As  the  adjective  "perfect"  seems  to  have  a  superlative  mean- 
ing, the  expression,  "more  perfect,"  may  be  redundant  (549),  but  it 
can  scarcely  be  considered  ungramniatical,  when  it  is  found  in  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

514.  SUR'G-0,  I  rise.    STJRREC'T-TJM,  to  rise. 


Insurgents,  those  who  rise  in 
opposition  to  the  Government. 
(285.) 


Insurrection,  a  rising  in  rebel- 
lion. (285.) 

Resurrection,  rising  again. 
(489.) 


515.  TABER'NA,  a  shed. 
Tabernacle,  a  temporary  habitation.  (301.) 


142 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Contiguity,  contact.  (187.) 
Contiguous,  touching.  (497.) 
Contingent,  accidental.  (495.) 
Tact,  peculiar  aptness.  (102.) 


516.  TA'C-EO,  I  am  silent.    TACIT-TIM,  to  be  silent. 

Tacit,  implied,  but  not  expressed,  i  Taciturn,  not  free  to  converse. 
(497.)  I       (143.) 

517.  TANG  0,  I  touch.    TAC'T-UM,  to  touch. 

1.  Intact,  uninjured. 

2.  Intangible,    not   capable    of 

being  touched. 
Contagion,  communication  of 
disease  by  touch.  (106.) 

1.  The  Poles  fought  with  desperation,  to  preserve  their  little  terri- 
tory intact,  but,  assailed  at  every  vulnerable  (588)  part  by  such  an 
adversary  (565),  they  first  became  tributary  (541),  and  finally  were  com- 
pelled to  accept  the  ultimatum  (547)  of  Russia,  viz.,  the  total  extinguish- 
ment of  their  kingdom. 

2.  We  believe  in  many  things,  which  are  intangible,  and  invisible 
(571)  ;  for  instance,  electricity. 

518.  TE  GO,  I  cover.    TEC'T-UM,  to  cover. 

Protect,  defend.  (177.)  |  Protection,  preservation.  (5.) 


519.  TEM'P-US,  (TEMPO'R-IS,)  time. 


,  Temporize,  yield  to  the  cur- 
rent of  opinion. 

Contemporary,  living  at  the 
same  time.  (142.) 

Extemporaneous,  produced  at 
the  time.  (103.) 

Intemperance,  indulgence  in 
drinking  spirituous  liquors. 
(136.) 


Temperament,    natural    organi- 
zation. (428.) 
Temperance,  moderation.  (99.) 
Temporal,  not  everlasting. (458.) 
Temporary,  lasting  only  a  time. 

(334.) 
Tense,  is  that  attribute  of  a  verb 
by  which  it  expresses  the  dis- 
tinction of  time.  (215.) 


1.  "The  more  you  temporize,  the  more  contumacious  (544)  and 
exacting  will  these  rebels  become,"  was  the  argument  of  those,  who 
opposed  Lord  North's  Conciliatory  Bill. 

520.  TEN'D-O,  I  stretch.    TEN'S-UM,  to  stretch. 


Attendance,  presence.  (300.) 
Attention,  application.  (207.) 
Extensive,  wide-spread.  (48.) 
Extent,  compass.  (103.) 
Intense,  keen.  (66.) 
Intensity,  vehemence.  (499.) 
Intention,  design.  (60.) 
Ostentation,  ambitious  display. 
(351.) 


Ostensible,  seeming.  (60.) 
Pretension,  claim  laid.  (151.) 
Portend,  foretoken.  (174.)     See 

Porro. 
Portentous,  ominous.  (68.)    See 

Porro. 
Superintending,        overseeing. 

(161.) 
Tendency,  inclination.  (10.) 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


143 


521.  TE'N-EO,  I  hold,  I  keep.TEN'T-TJM,  to  hold,  to  keep. 


1.  Abstinence,     the    refraining 

from  indulgence  of  appetite. 

2.  Continuity,     unbroken    con- 

nection. 
Continual,       uninterrupted. 

(187.) 
Countenance,     the      visage. 

(149.) 
Detention,  confinement.  (499.) 
Entertain,   to    receive   with 


Pertinacity,  inflexibility.  (57.) 
Pertinent,  applicable.  (457.) 
Retentive,  having  power  to  re- 
tain. (298.) 
Sustenance,  support.  (185.) 
Tenable,  capable  of  being  main- 
tained. (198.) 
Tenacious,  holding  fast.  (499.) 
Tendril,  the  clasper  of  a  vine. 

(199.) 
Tenement,  habitation.  (199.) 
Tenure,  a  holding.  (318.) 


hospitality.  (185.) 
Impertinent,  intrusive.  (40.) 
Pertinacious,  inflexible.  (40.) 

1.  Much  animadversion  (565)  has  been  cast  on  Cranmer;  but  it 
should  be  remembered,  that,  weakened  by  imprisonment  and  long 
abstinence,  he  was  unable  to  controvert  (565)  the  statements  of  those 
opposed  to  him. 

2.  Some  truths  are  perceived  by  intuition  (543) ;  but  others  are  only 
arrived  at  by  an  argument,  which  requires  continuity  of  thought. 

522.  TEN'T-O,  I  try.    TENTA'T-UM,  to  try. 

Attempt,  endeavor.  (3.)   '  |  Temptation,  inducement.  (136.) 

523.  TEN'U-IS,  thin,  slender. 

Attenuate,  to  make  thin.  (133.)  |  Extenuate,  palliate.  (174.) 

524.  TEK'G-0,  I  make  clean.    TER'S-UM,  to  make  clean. 

Terse,  elegant  and  concise.  (10.)  |  Terseness,    elegance    and    con- 


ciseness. (457.) 


525.  TER'MIN-US,  a  bound  or  limit. 

1.  Conterminous,  having  a  com- 
mon boundary. 
Determination,      resolution. 

(207.) 
Determined,  decided.  (24.) 


Exterminate,  to  destroy  utterly. 

(82.) 
Interminable,  endless.  (50.) 
Terminate,  to  come  to  an  end. 

(65.) 

1.  As  Canada  ancj.  the  United  States  are  conterminous,  it  is  of 
vital  (579)  importance,  that  all  virulent  (577)  feelings  should  be 
allayed. 

526   TE'R-0,  I  rub.    TRI'T-uKT,  to  rub. 

Detriment,  injury.  (456.)  I  Trite,  well  worn.  (457.) 

Detrimental,  injurious.  (425.)     j 


144 


THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


527.  TER'R-A,  the  earth. 

1.  Mediterranean,  the  sea  be- 
tween Europe  and  Africa. 

1.  Terrestrial,  pertaining  to  the 
earth. 


Subterranean,  under  the   sur- 
face of  the  earth.  (50.) 
Territory,  a  district.  (9.) 


1.  The  ancients  gave  the  name  of  Mediterranean,  because  they 
Bupposed  it  to  be  in  the  middle  of  this  terrestrial  habitation. 

528.  TER'R-EO,  I  fill  with  fear.    TER'RIT-UM,  to  fill  with  fear. 

1.  Terrific,  frightful.  I  Terrible,  fearful.  (12.) 

Deter,  stop  by  fear.  (32.)  |  Terrify,  fill  with  fear.  (157.) 

1.  The  terrific  explosion,  caused  by  the  bursting  of  a  torpedo  (534), 
will  destroy  a  large  ship. 


529.  TES'T-IS,  a  witness. 

1.  Testament,  a  will. 
1.  Attest,  to  certify. 
1.  Testator,  one  who   makes  a 
will. 
Contested,  disputed.  (244.) 
Intestate,    without    a    will. 
(299.) 

1.  It  would  invalidate  (555)  a 
no  witness  to  attest  the  fact, 
mind. 


Protest,  to  make  a  formal  dec- 
laration against.  (77.) 

Protestants,  those  who  join  in 
a  protest.  (65.) 

Testify,  bear  witness.  (123.) 

Testimony,  that  which  is  af- 
firmed by  a  witness.  (241.) 

will,  or   testament,  if  there  was 
that  the   testator  was  of  sound 


Texture,  the  manner  in  which  a 
fabric  is  woven.  (150.) 


530.  TEX'T-TJM,  to  weave. 

1.  Context,  connected  passages. 

Pretext,  a  pretence.  (167.) 

Text,  a  passage  of  Scripture. 
(87.) 

1.  A  gross  perversion  (565)  of  truth  may  be  made,  by  taking  a  text 
of  Scripture  without  the  context* 

531.  TIM'-EO,  I  fear. 

Intimidate,  to  terrify.  (254.)  |  Timorous,  full  of  fear.  (239.) 

532.  TIN'G-0,  I  dye.    TINC'T-UM,  to  dye. 
Tint,  slight  coloring.  (95.) 

533.  TOL'L-0,  I  lift  up, 

Extol,  to  praise  highly.  (366.)      |  Tolerate,  to  endure,  (239.) 


LATIN    ROOTS. 


145 


534.  TOR'P-EO,  I  am  numb  or  torpid. 
Torpedo,  a  machine  for  blowing  I  Torpid,  inactive.  (129.) 
up  ships.  (528.)  I 


535.  TOR'T-UM,  to  twist. 
.  Tortuous,  crooked. 
Contortions,  writhings.  (135.) 
Distort,  twist  out  of  shape. 

(506.) 
Extort,  to  wrest  from.  (98.) 


Extortion,  oppressive  exaction. 
(48.) 

Ketorted,  threw  back  an  objec- 
tion. (240.) 

Torment,  suffering.  (308.) 


1.  The  tortuous  course  of  some  of  the  rivers  of  Africa,  and  the 
ferocious  beasts,  which  lurk  on  the  umbrageous  (548)  banks,  render  their 
navigation  both  difficult  and  dangerous. 

536.  TO'T-US,  whole;  all. 
Totally,  entirely.  (292.) 

537.  TRA'D-0,  I  deliver.    TRAD'IT-TJM,  to  deliver. 


Tradition,  that  which  is  trans- 
mitted from  age  to  age  by  oral 
communication.  (301.) 


Traitor,  one  who  levies  war 
against  his  country,  or  who 
adheres  to  its  enemies,  giving 
them  aid  and  comfort.  (239.) 


538.  TRA'H  0,  I  draw.    TRAC'T-UM,  to  draw. 


Abstract,  existing  in  the  mind 

only.  (204.) 
Attracted,  drawn  to.  (169.) 
Attractive,  engaging.  (497.) 
Betray,  to  deliver  up  in  breach 

of  trust.  (267.) 
Detraction,  slander.  (40.) 

539.  TRE'M-0,  I  shake. 
Tremendous,  terrible.  (105.) 


Distraction,  confusion.  (176.) 
Extract,  to  draw  out.  (111.) 
Portray,  depict.  (169.) 
Tractable,    capable    of    being 

easily  managed.  (115.) 
Treat,  to  use.  (192.) 
Treaty,  a  league.  (9.) 


Tremulous,  quivering.  (182.) 


540.  TRES,  (TRI'A,)  three. 
1.  Trivial,  unimportant, 

1.  During  the  voyage  to  Virginia,  the  most  trivial  remark  of  John 
Smith's,  was  regarded  as  intrusive  (542),  by  his  companions. 

541.  TRIB'U-0,  I  give.    TRIBU'T-TJM,  to  give. 


Attribute,  to  ascribe.  (2.) 
Contribute,    give     in    common 

with  others.  (204.) 
Distribute,  to  dispense.  (222.) 
Retribution,  requital.  (491.) 


Retributive,  requiting.  (210.) 
Tributary,  contributive.  (517.) 
Tribute,  a  tax  paid  to  secure 
peace.  (207.) 


146 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


542.  TKU'D-O,  I  thrust.    TRU'S-UM,  to  thrust. 


1.  Intrude,  thrust  themselves  in. 
Intrusive,    entering   without 

right.  (540.) 
Intrusion,   entrance  without 

right.  (402.) 


Abstruse,  difficult  to  be  compre- 
hended. (201.) 

Abstruseness,  quality  of  being 
abstruse.  (507.) 

Obtrude,  thrust  in.  (485.) 


1.  Cuckoos  intrude   upon   any  nest,  whose   occupants  they  can 
venture  (559)  to  attack. 

543.  TU'E-OR,  I  view,  I  guard.    TUFT-US,  to  view,  to  guard. 

Intuition,  immediate  perception  I  Tuition,  instruction.  (495.) 
of  truth.  (521.)  ' 


544.  TU'ME-0,  I  swell. 

Contumacious,  obstinate.  (519.) 
Contumacy,  contempt  of  author- 
ity.  (53.) 

545.  TUN'D-0,  I  beat,  I  bruise. 
Contusion,  a  bruise.  (102.) 

546.  TUR'B-A,  a  crowd,  a  hustle. 

Disturbance,  confusion.  (152.) 
Imperturbable,   not  to  be   agi- 
tated. (123.) 

547.  UL'TIM-US,  last. 

Ultimate,  final.  (35.) 
Ulterior,  further.  (464.) 

548.  UM'BR-A,  a  shade. 
Umbrage,  offence.  (153.) 

549.  UN'D-A,  a  wave. 

1.  Inundate,  to  overflow. 
1.  Undulate,  rise  in  waves. 
Abundant,  plentiful.  (320.) 

1.  Though  the  Nile  rises  sufficiently  to  inundate  the  country,  yet 
the  waters  undulate  so  little,  as  to  be  scarcely  perceptible. 


Contumely,  insolence.  (174.) 
Tumid,  swollen.  (182.) 
Tumult,  a  commotion.  (485.) 

TU'S-UM,  to  heat,  to  bruise. 


Perturbation,  agitation  of  mind. 

(46.) 
Turbulence,      insubordination. 

(164.) 


Ultimatum,  a  final  proposition, 
(517.) 


Umbrageous,  shady.  (535.) 


Redundant, superfluous.  (513.) 
Undulating,   rising    in  waves. 
(57.) 


550.  UN'GU-0, 1  anoint.    UNC'T-UM,  to  anoint. 
Unctuous,  oily.  (308.) 


LATIN  ROOTS. 


1« 


551.  U'N-TJS,  one. 

Unity,  oneness.  (352.) 
Universal,       comprising       the 
whole.  (215.) 

552.  U'T-OR,  I  use.    TJ'S-US,  to  use. 

1.  Usurp,  to  seize  without  right. 
Disuse,  cessation  of  use.  (25.) 
Peruse,  to  read.  (109.) 
Usage,  treatment.  (110.) 
Use,  employ.  (150.) 

1.    Vague  (554)  rumors  pervaded  (553)  Rome,  that  Caesar  intended  to 
USUVp  the  supreme  authority,  and  proclaim  himself  Emperor.  B.  C.  44, 


Universe,  the  whole  system  of 

created  things.  (10.) 
Unite,  to  join.  (283.) 


Usual,  common.  (123.) 
Usually,  ordinarily.  (152.) 
Utensils,  implements.  (364.) 
Utility,  profitableness.  (456.) 


553.  VA'D-0,  I  go.    VA'S-UM,  to  go. 


Evade,  to  elude.  (285.) 
Evasion,   an   artifice   to    elude. 

(428.) 
Invade,  to  enter  as  an  enemy. 

(83.) 


Invasion,  entrance  with  hostile 

intentions.  (445.) 
Pervaded,  spread  through  the 

whole  extent.  (553.) 


Vagabond,  an  outcast.  (182.) 
Vagrant,  wandering.  (74.) 
Vague,  indefinite.  (552.) 


554.  VA'G-TTS,  wandering. 

1.  Vagaries,  fancies. 

Extravagance,  excess.  (48.) 
Extravagant,  excessive.(201.) 

1.  Who  can  account  for  the  strange  vagaries,  which  pass  through 
the  brain  during  sleep  ? 

555.  VA'L-EO,  I  am  strong. 

1.  Invalid,  of  no  legal  force. 
Available,  capable  of  being 

used  with  advantage.  (39.) 
Convalescent,       recovering 

health.  (143.) 
Invalidate,  lessen  the  force 

of.  (529.) 
Invaluable,  inestimable.  (143.) 


Prevalent,  current.  (145.) 
Prevail,  succeed.  (223.) 
Valedictory,  a  farewell  address. 

(457.)    , 
Valiant,  Tbrave.  (68.) 
Valid,  of  legal  force.  (3.) 
Valor,  bravery.  (68.) 
Valuable,  having  worth.  (268.) 

1.  In  1687,  while  the  Assembly  was  convened  (559)  at  Hartford, 
Andross  appeared,  intending  to  seize  the  Charter,  and  declare  it  in- 
valid. By  an  adroit  stratagem,  they  managed  to  circumvent  (559) 
him;  and  during  the  period,  which  intervened  (559)  before  the  second 
attempt,  the  Charter  was  hid  in  an  oak. 

556.  VE'H-0,  I  carry.    VEC'T-TJM,  to  carry. 
Inveigh,  to  rail  against.  (179.)       |  Invective,  reproach.  (29.) 
13 


148 


THE   MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


557.  VEL'L-O,  I  tear.    VUL'S-UM,  to  tear. 
Convulsion,  any  violent  and  irregular  motion.  (414.) 

558.  VE'L-O,  I  cover,  I  conceal. 

1.  Developed,  disclosed.  I  Revelation,  a  disclosing  of  what 

Enveloped,  wrapped.  (308.)  was  before  hidden.  (93.) 

1.  After  scarlet  fever  has  developed  itself,  some  other  disease  fre-% 
quently  supervenes  (559). 

559.  VE'NI-O,  I  come.    VEN'TUM,  to  come. 

Adventurers,  those  who  under- 
take bold  enterprises.  (320.) 
Circumvent,  to  deceive  by  strata- 


gem. (555.) 
Convened,  assembled.  (555.) 
Convention,  assembly.  (74.) 
Convenient,  commodious.  (109.) 
Conventional,     agreed     upon. 

(457.) 
Event,  occurrence.  (15.) 


Eventually,  in  the  issue.  (351.) 
Intervened,      came      between. 

(555.) 
Invented,  devised.  (134.) 
Invention,  the  making  of  that 

which   did  not   exist    before. 

(25.) 
Prevent,  to  hinder.  (242.) 
Supervenes,  comes  in  addition. 

(558.) 
Venture,  dare.  (542.) 


560.  VEN'T-US,  the  wind. 
1.  Ventilate,  afford  free  circulation  of  air. 

1.  The  air  of  a  school-room  soon  becomes  impure, 
the  defect,  ventilate  the  room. 


To  obviate  (570) 


Verbiage,    superabundance  of 
words.  (457.) 


561.  VEB/B-UM,  a  word. 

1.  Verbatim,  word  for  word. 
Proverbs,  maxims.  (473.) 
Verbose,  full  of  words.  (457.) 

1.  Rules  and  definitions  should  be  studied  verbatim,  lest,  by  some 
inadvertence  (565),  an  important  error  should  occur. 

562.  VE'BE-OK,  I  fear. 
Revere,  regard  with  respect  and 


fear.  (38.) 
Irreverent,  wanting  in  respect. 
(458.) 

563.  VEB/G-O,  I  tend  towards. 

1.  Diverge,   recede    from    each 
other. 


Reverential,  expressing  rever- 
ence. (103.) 


1.  Converge,  tend  towards  each 
other. 


1.  Lines  which  diverge  in  one  direction,  must  necessarily  con- 
verge in  the  opposite  direction. 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


149 


564.  VER'M-IS,  a  worm. 

1.  Vermin,  noxious  little  animals,  insects,  &c.  (46.) 

565.  VER'T-O,  I  turn.    VER'S-TJM,  to  turn. 


1.  Irreversible,  not  capable   of 

being  revoked. 
1.  Adversity,  calamity. 

1.  Avert,  to  turn  away. 

2.  Controversy,  disputation. 

2.  Perverse,  obstinately  wrong. 

2.  Convert,  to  change  from  one 

state  to  another. 

3.  Versatility,     capability     of 

turning  to  new  subjects. 
Advert,  to  turn  the  attention 

to.  (4.) 
Adversary,  an  enemy.  (517.) 
Advertise,  to   publish  a  no- 
tice. (3.) 
Animadversion,  censure.  (521.) 
Aversion,  dislike.  (239.) 


Controvert,  to  oppose  in  argu- 
ment. (521.) 
Diversions,  amusements.  (417.) 
Diverse,  various.  (423.) 
Diversity,  difference.  (118.) 
Diversify,  to  vary.  (495.) 
Inadvertence,        heedlessness. 

(561.) 
Perverted,  turned  in  a  wrong 

direction.  (368.) 
Perversion,  a  wrong  interpreta- 
tion. (530.) 
Reversed,  changed  to  an  oppo- 
site course.  (14.) 
Subvert,  to  destroy.  (241.) 
Subversive,    tending    to    over- 
throw. (207.) 
Traverse,  pass  over.  (492.) 

1.  Haman,  supposing  the  King's  decree  to  be  irreversible,  re- 
joiced greatly  at  the  adversity  he  had  brought  upon  the  Jews. 
But  Esther,  hoping  to  avert  the  calamity,  went  before  the  King,  after 
devout  (586)  supplication  to  God,  and  obtained  a  complete  victory  (573) 
over  the  wicked  Haman. 

2.  Henry  VIII.  delighted  to  engage  in  controversy 9  but  he  was 
so  perverse,  that  it  was  impossible  to  convert  him  to  an  opinion, 
even  when  it  was  obviously  (570)  correct. 

3.  The  graphic  descriptions  in  Milton's  beautiful  epic,  exhibit  the 
wonderful  versatility  of  his  genius. 


566.  VE'E-US,  true. 

1.  Verifying,  proving  to  be  cor- 
rect. 
Verity,  truth.  (482.) 

1    Kepler  devoted  (586)  himself,  for  years,  to  the  task  of  verifying 

astronomical  calculations. 


Veracity,  truthfulness.  (359.) 
Veritable,  genuine.  (301.) 


567.  VESTIG'I-UM,  a  footstep. 

Investigate,     to    search    into. 
(346.) 


Vestige,  a  trace.  (323.) 


150 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


568.  VES'T-IS,  a  garment. 

Invest,  to  surround.  (66.) 
Vesture,  a  robe.  (423.) 


Vests,   puts  m  possession  of. 
(438.) 


569.  VE'T-US,  (VET'ER-IS,)  old;  ancient. 

Inveterate,  fixed  by  long  con-  I  Veteran,  an  old  soldier.  (464.) 
tinuance.  (125.) 

570.  VI'-A,  a  way. 

Deviation,  turning  aside.  (47.) 
Impervious,  impenetrable.  (133.) 
Obviate,  to  remove.  (560.) 


Obvious,  evident.  (117.) 
Obviously,  evidently.  (565.) 


571.  VIDEO,  I  see.    VI'S-TJM,  to  see. 


1.  Survey,  to  look  over. 

1.  Vista,   prospect  through    an 

avenue. 

2.  Proviso,    exception   provided 

for. 
Evidence,  proof.  (240.) 
Evident,  apparent.  (143.) 
Individuals,   human  beings. 

(146.) 
Invisible,   not    to    be    seen. 

(517.) 
Provided,  prepared.  (5.) 
Providence,  forethought.  (470/ 


Provision,  special   enactment. 

(44.) 
Prudent,  wise.  (117.) 
Supervision,  oversight.  (470.) 
View,  appearance.  (149.) 
Visage,  the  countenance.  (428.) 
Visible,  capable  of  being  seen. 

(362.) 
Vision,  sight.  (30.) 
Visionary,    given    to    reverie. 

(120.) 
Visitants,  visitors.  (336.) 
Visitor,  one  who  visits.  (322.) 


1.  To  survey  the  Tuilleries,  through  the  long  vista  of  trees 
which  line  the  approach,  gives  a  much  better  idea  of  its  magnificent 
proportions,  than  a  nearer  inspection. 

2.  The  Constitution  makes  this  proviso  to  the  power  of  amend- 
ment: "That  no  State  shall,  without  its  consent,  be  deprived  of  its'* 
vote  (586)  in  the  Senate. 

572.  VI'GOR,  strength,  energy. 

Invigorate,  to  strengthen.  (93.)  I  Vigorous,  energetic.  (346.) 
Vigor,  energy.  (57.) 

573.  VIN'C-0,  I  conquer.    VIC'T-UM,  to  conquer. 


Convinced,  persuaded.  (3.) 
Conviction,  belief.  (39.) 
Evince,  exhibit.  (492.) 
Invincible,  unconquerable. 
(174.) 


Province,  a  country  subject  to 

a  foreign  power.  (14.) 
Victory,  success  over  an  enemy. 

(565.) 
Victim,  a  person  sacrificed.  (89.) 


LATIN   ROOTS. 


151 


574.  VIN'D-EX,  (vTN'DIC-IS,)  a  defender;  an  avenger. 


Vindicate,  to  defend.  (314.) 
Vindictive,  revengeful.  (413.) 


Grape-vine,  a  climbing  place. 
(21.) 


Revenge,  to  vindicate.  (13.) 
Vengeance,  recompense  of  evil. 
(89.) 

575.  VI'N-UM,  wine. 

1.  Vinous,  having  the  qualities 

of  wine. 

2.  Vintage,  the  gathering  of  the 

crop  of  grapes. 

1.  Many   articles,   besides   grapes,   have  vinous  qualities;   large 
quantities  of  wine  are  made  from  berries. 

2.  The  time  of  the  vintage  in  France,  is  a  period  of  great  hilarity. 

576.  VIR,  a  man. 

1.  Virago,  a  bold  woman. 

1.  Xantippe,  the  wife  of  Socrates,  was  a  virago 9  noted  for  her  vul- 
garity (587),  and  voluble  (584)  tongue. 


577.  VI'R-TJS,  poison. 
Virulence,  malignancy.  (413.) 


Virulent,  malignant.  (525.) 


578.  VI'T-O,  I  shun,  I  avoid. 

Inevitable,  unavoidable.  (25.)      |  Inevitably,  unavoidably.  (368.) 

579.  VI'V-O,  I  live.-  VIC'T-TJM,  to  live. 


1,  Vivify,  endue  with  life. 
Convivial,  festive.  (157.) 
Victuals,  food.  (402.) 
Vital,  highly  important.  (525.) 

1.  How  quickly,  after  a  long  winter,  does  the  returning  sun  vivify 
and  animate  the  face  of  nature. 


Vivacity,  liveliness.  (143.) 
Vividly,   in  a    lively  manner. 

(323.) 
Vivid,  lively.  (147.) 


580.  VO'C-0, 1  call.    VOCA'T-UM,  to  call. 


1.  Vociferates,  cries  out  loudly. 
Advocate,  a  pleader.  (46.) 
Avocation,  employment.  ( 1 17.) 
Convocation,     an    assembly. 

(14.) 
Equivocal,  ambiguous.  (508.) 
Invocation,  prayer.  (389.) 
Irrevocable,  not  capable  of 

being  repealed.  (46.) 
1.  Before  making  a  proclamation  in  court,  a  crier  vociferates, 
three  times,  "Oyes;"  meaning  "oyez,"  attend. 
13* 


Provocation,   cause  of  resent- 
ment. (174.) 
Revoke,  to  repeal.  (117.) 
Vocabulary,  a  dictionary.  (231.) 
Vocal,  relating  to  the  voice.  (74.x 
Vocation,  business.  (268.) 
Voice,    sound    uttered    by    tho 
mouth.  (30.) 


152 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


581.  VO'L-0,  I  fly.    VOLA'T- TJM,  to  fly. 


Volatile,  fickle.  (102.) 

582.  VO'L-O,  I  will,  I  wish. 
1.  Benevolence,    desire    to    do 

good. 
1.  Voluntary,  without  compul- 
sion. 


Volley,  a  flight  of  shot.  (371.) 

« 
2.  Malevolence,  ill-will. 

Benevolent,  charitable. (251.) 
Volunteers,    voluntary    sol- 
diers. (22.) 


1.  The  benevolence  of  Regulus,  and  his  voluntary  return  to 
Carthage,  have  immortalized  him  in  Roman  history. 

2.  Such  was  the  malevolence  of  Cato,  towards   Carthage,  that 
every  speech  on  the  subject  ended  with  "  Carthage  must  be  destroyed." 

583.  VOLUP'T-AS,  pleasure. 

Voluptuous,  devoted  to  luxury  and  pleasure.  (102.) 

584.  VOL'V-0,  I  roll.    VOLTJ'T-UM,  to  roll. 


Devolving,  resting  upon. (320.) 
.Revolve,  roll  around.  (485.) 
Revolt,  to  renounce  allegiance. 
(207.) 

585.  VO'R-0,  I  devour. 

Carnivorous,  eating  flesh.  (209.) 
Devoured,  ate  up  greedily. (149.) 


Revolution,   an   entire  change 

in  government.  (3.) 
Voluble,  fluent.  (576.) 


Voracity,   greediness  of  appe- 
tite. (381.) 


586.  VO'VE-0,  I  vow.    VO'T-UM,  to  vow. 


Devotee,  one  who  is  dedicated. 

(255.) 
Devout,  earnest.  (565.) 
Vote,  suffrage.  (571.) 


1.  Votary,  one  devoted  to  some 
particular  object. 
Avowed,     declared     openly. 

(507.) 
Devoted,  dedicated.  (566.) 

1.  Queen  Elizabeth,  the  votary  of  pleasure,  was  subject  to  attacks 
of  the  deepest  melancholy. 

587.  VUL'G-TJS,  the  common  people. 

Divulge,  to  make  known.  (142.)   i  Vulgarism,  vulgarity.  (151.) 
Vulgar,  common.  (57.)  Vulgarity,  grossness.  (576.) 

588.  VUL'N-TJS,  (VUL'NER-IS,)  a  wound. 

1.  Invulnerable,  not  capable  of  I  Vulnerable,   capable  of  being 
being  wounded.  wounded.  (517.) 

1.  The  mother  of  Achilles,  in  order  to  render  him  invulnerable $ 
dipped  him  in  the  river  Styx. 


KEY. 


Words,  whose  analysis  is  obvious,  have  been  omitted  in  the  Key;  thus,  gravitation  is 
given,  but  not  gravity,  because  all  the  parts  of  gravity  are  contained  in  gravitation.  If 
inopportune  is  given,  opportune  is  not;  if  inflammatory  is  given,  inflammation  is  not. 

Words  ending  in  fy,  may  be  derived  from  facio,  or  from  fy,  to  make. 


Abbreviate.    Ab,  brevis,  ate. 
Abdicate.    Ab,  dicatum. 
Aberration.    Ab,  erratum,  ion. 
Ability.    Hdbeo,  ity. 
Able.    Habeo,  ble. 
Ablution.    Ab,  lutum,  ion. 
Abrogated.    Ab,  rogatum. 
Absent.    A bs,  entis. 
Absolution.    Ab,  solutum,  ion. 
Abstinence.    Abs,  teneo,  ence. 
Abstract.    Abs,  tractum. 
Abstruseness.    Abs,  trusum,  ness. 
Abu  ndant.    A  b,  unda,  ant. 
Acceptable.    Ac,  captum,  able. 
Accessory.    Ac,  cessum,  ory. 
Acclamation.    Ac,  clamatum,  ion. 
Acclivity.    Ac,  clivus,  ity. 
Accommodate.    Ac,  com,  modus,  ate. 
Accomplice.    Ac,  com,  plico. 
Accomplished,    Ac,  com,  pleo,  ish. 
Accurate.    Ac,  cura,  ate. 
Accusations.    Ac,  causa,  ion. 
Acerbity.    Acerbus,  ity. 
Acidity.    Acidus,  ity. 
Acidulate.    Acidus,  ate. 
Acquiesced.    Ac,  quies. 
Acquire.    Ac,  quero. 
Acquisition,    Ac,  quesitum,  ion. 
Acrid.    Acris,  id. 
Acrimony.    Acris,  mony. 
Actual.    Actum,  al. 
Actuary.    Actum,  ary. 
Acumen.    Acutus. 
Adequate.    Ad,  equus,  ate. 
Adjacent.    Ad,  jaceo,  ent. 
Administer.    Ad,  minister. 
Administration.    Ad,  ministri,  ate,  ion. 
Admirable.    Ad,  mirus,  able. 
Admirably.    Ad,  mirus,  able,  y. 
Admiration.    Ad,  mirus,  ion. 
Admonish.    Ad,  moneo,  ish. 
Admonition.    Ad,  moniium,  ion. 
Admonitory.    Ad,  monitum,  ory. 
Adoration.    Ad,  oratum,  ion. 
Adventurers.    Ad,  ventum,  ure,  er. 
Adversary.    Ad,  versum,  ary. 
Adversity.    Ad,  versum,  ity. 
Advertise.    Ad,  verto,  ise. 
Advocate.    Ad,  vocatum. 
Affability.    Af,  fan',  ble,  ity. 
Affectation.    Af,  factum,  ion. 
Affianced.     Afjido,  ance. 
Affirmation.    Af,  firmus,  ion. 
Affirmative.     A f,  firmus,  ive. 
Affinity.    Affmis,  ity. 
Affliction.    Afflictum,  ion. 
Affluence.    Afjluo,  ence. 
Aggrandize.    Ag,  grandis,  ize. 
Aggravation.    Ag,  gravis,  ate,  ion. 
Aggregate.    Ag,  gregis,  ate. 


Aggressions.    Ag,  gressum,  ion. 
Agriculture.    Agri,  cultum,  ure. 
Alienation.    Alienus,  ate,  ion. 
Aliment.    Alitum,  ment. 
Allegations.    Al,  legatum,  ion. 
Allegiance.    Al,  ligo,  ance. 
Alleviate.    Al,  levo,  ate. 
Allusions.    Al,  lusum,  ion. 
Altercation.    Alter,  ate,  ion. 
Alternately.    Alternus,  ate,  ly. 
Alternative.    Alternus,  ate,  ive. 
Altitude.    Altus,  tude. 
Amanuensis.    A,  manus. 
Ambient.     Amb,  Hum,  ent. 
Ambition.    Amb,  itum,  ion. 
Ameliorate.    A,  melior,  ate. 
Amicable.    Amicus,  able. 
Amity.    Amicus,  ity. 
Ammunition.    Am,  munitum,  ion. 
Amount.    A,  montis. 
Amplification.    Amplus,  facioi  ion. 
Amplify.    Amplus,  fy. 
Amplitude.    Amplus,  tude. 
Amply.    Amplus,  y. 
Amputation.    Am,  putatum,  ion. 
Ancestor.    Ante,  cessum,  or. 
Angular.    Angulus,  ar. 
Animadversion.    Animus,  ad,  ion. 
Animadverted.    Animus,  ad,  verto. 
Animalcule.    Anima,  al,  cule. 
Animation.    Anima,  ate,  ion. 
Animosity.    Animus,  ity. 
Annexation.    An,  nexum,  ion. 
Annihilation.    An,  nihil,  ate,  ion. 
Antecedent.    Ante,  cedo,  ent. 
Antediluvians.    Ante,  diluvium,  an. 
Anticipation.    Anti,  capio,  ate,  ion. 
Antiquary.    Antiquus,  ary. 
Antiquated.    Antiquus,  ate. 
Antique.    Antiquus. 
Anxiety.    Anxi,  ty. 
Apartment.    A,  partis,  ment. 
Aperture.    Apertum,  ure. 
Apparatus.    Ap,  paratum. 
Apparel.    Ap,  paro. 
Apparent.    Ap,  pareo,  ent. 
Apparitions.    Ap,  paritum,  ion. 
Appendix.    Ap,  pendo. 
Appetite.    Ap,  peto,  ite. 
Application.    Ap,  plicatum,  ion. 
Applying.    Ap,  plico. 
Appreciate.    Ap,  precium,  ate. 
Apprised.    Ap,  prehensum. 
Approach.    Ap,  prope. 
Approbation.    Ap,  probatum,  ion. 
Appropriate.    Ap,  proprius,  ate. 
Approximate.    Ap,  proximus,  ate. 
Aptitude.    Aptus,  tude. 
Aquatic.    Aqua,  ic. 
Aqueduct.    Aqua,  ductum. 

(163) 


154 


THE   MODEL  ETYMOLOGY. 


Aqueous.    Aqua,  ous. 

Arable.    Aro,  able. 

Arbitrary.    Arbiter,  airy. 

Arbitrator.    Arbiter,  ate,  or. 

Arbor.    Arbor. 

Ardent.    Ardeo,  ent. 

Ardor.    Ardeo. 

Argue.    Arguo. 

Argumentative.    Arguo,  ment,  int. 

Armada.    Arma. 

Armistice.    Arma,  sto,  ice. 

Armorer.    Arma,  or,  er. 

Aimory.    Arma,  ory. 

Army.    Arma,  y. 

Arrested.    Ar,  re,  sto. 

Arrogance.    Ar,  rogo,  ance. 

Arson.    Arsum. 

Articulation.    Articulus,  ate,  ion. 

Artificer.    Artis,fado,  er. 

Artist.    Artis,  ist. 

Asperity.    Asper,  ity. 

Aspirant.    A,  spiro,  ant. 

Aspirations.    A,  spiratum,  ion. 

Assailants.    As,  salio,  ant. 

Assertor.    -4  s,  sertum,  or. 

Asseveration.    As,  severus,  ate,  ion. 

Assiduous.    As,  sedeo,  ous. 

Assimilate.    As,  similis,  ate. 

Association.    As,  socius,  ate,  ion. 

Assumption.    As,  sumptum,  ion. 

Astringent.    A,  stringo,  ent. 

Attempt.    At,  tento. 

Attendance.    At,  Undo,  ance. 

Attention.    At,  tensum,  ion. 

Attenuate.    At,  tenuis,  ate. 

Attractive.    At,  tr actum,  ive. 

Auctioneer.   'Auctum,  ion,  eer. 

Audible.    Audio,  ble. 

Auditory.    Auditum,  ory. 

Augment.    Augeo,  ment. 

Augury.    Augur,  y. 

Auspicious.    Auspicis,  ous. 

Authority.    Auctum,  or,  ity. 

Auxiliary.    Auxilium,  ary. 

Available.    A,  valeo,  able. 

Aversion.    A,  versum,  ion. 

Avocation.    A,  vocatum,  ion. 

Avowed.    A,  voveo. 

Bankrupt.    Ruptum,  {banco,  a  bench.) 

Barbarous.    Barbarus,  ous. 

Beatitude.    Beatus,  tude. 

Benediction.    Bene,  dictum,  ion. 

Benefaction.    Bene,  factum,  ion. 

Beneficent.    Bene,  f ado,  ent. 

Benefit.    Bene, f ado. 

Benevolent.    Bene,  volo,  ent. 

Benignity.    Bene,  ity. 

Betray.    Be,  traho. 

Biennial.    Bini,  annus,  al. 

Biped.    Bini,  pedis. 

Bounty.    Bonus,  ty. 

Brevity.    Brevis,  ity. 

Cadence,  Cado,  ence. 

Calculate.    Calculus,  ate. 

Candidate.    Candeo,  id,  ate. 

Candor.    Candeo,  or. 

Canine.    Cants,  ine. 

Canticle.    Cantus,  die. 

Capacious.    Capio,  ous. 

Capacitate.    Capio,  ity.  ate. 


Capital.    Capitis,  al. 

Capitation.     Capitis,  ate,  ion* 

Capitulate.    Capitis,  ate. 

Captious.    Captum,  ous. 

Capture.    Captum,  ure. 

Captivate.    Captum,  ive,  ate. 

Caixass.     Caro. 

Carnage.    Carnis,  age. 

Career.    Curro,  eer. 

Caress.    Carus. 

Carnivorous.     Carnis,  voro,  ous. 

Casfcigation.    Castigo,  ate,  ion. 

Casualty.    Casum,  al,  ty. 

Caution.     Cautio,  ion. 

Cavil.    Cavilla. 

Ceaseless.    Cessum,  less. 

Celebration.     Celebris,  ate,  ion. 

Celebrity.     Celebris,  ity. 

Celerity.     Celer,  ity. 

Celestial.     Coelum,  al. 

Cellar.     Cella,  ar. 

Censorious.     Censeo,  or,  ous. 

Censurable.    Censeo,  ure,  able. 

Census.    Censeo. 

Centenarian.     Centum,  ary,  ian. 

Centennial.     Centum,  annus,  al. 

Centurion.     Centum,  ion. 

Century.    Centum,  ry. 

Certificate.    Certus,  f ado,  ate. 

Certify.     Certus,  fy. 

Cessation.     Cessum,  ion. 

Chant.     Cantus. 

Charnel-house.     Caro. 

Cinders.     Cineris,  er. 

Circuitous.     Circus,  itum,  ous. 

Circulate.    Circus,  ate. 

Circumjacent.    Circum,jaceo,  ent. 

Circumlocution.    Circum,  locutus,  ion. 

Circumnavigation.    Circum,  navis,  agot  ate, 

ion. 
Circumscribed.     Circum,  scribo. 
Circumstance.     Circum,  sto,  ance. 
Circumvent.    Circum,  ventum. 
Cite.    Cito. 
Citizen.     Civis. 
Civic.    Civis,  ic. 
Civilian.    Civis,  ian. 
Civilization.     Civis,  ize,  ion. 
Clamorous.     Clamo,  or,  ous. 
Clandestine.    Clandestinus. 
Clarion.     Clarus,  ion. 
Classical.    Classis,  ic,  al. 
Classification.     Classis,  fado,  ion, 
Clemency.     Clemens,  y. 
Coalesce.     Co,  alo. 
Coalition.     Co,  alitum,  ion. 
Code.    Codex. 
Coercion.     Co,  arceo,  ion. 
Coeval.     Co,  evum,  al. 
Cogent.     Co,  ago,  ent. 
Coincidence.    Co,  in,  cado,  ence. 
Coincided.     Co,  in,  cado. 
Collapse.    Col,  lapsus. 
Collateral.     Col,  lateris,  al. 
Colleague.     Col,  lego. 
Collect.    Col,  ledum. 
Colloquy.     Col,  loquor,  y. 
Colloquial.     Col,  loquor,  al. 
Colonies.     Colo,  y. 
Colonists.    Colot  ist 


KEY. 


155 


Combine.    Com,  hint. 
Comfort.    Com,fortis. 
Comity.    Comitis,  y. 
Command.     Com,  mando. 
Commemorate.    Com,  menvor,  ate. 
Commerce.     Com,  mercor. 
Commiserated.    Com,  miser,  ate. 
Commissary.    Com,  missum,  ary. 
Commissioners.    Com,  missum,  ion,  er. 
Committing.     Com,  mitto. 
Commodity.     Com,  modus,  ity. 
Common.     Com,  munus. 
Commotion.    Com,  motum,  ion. 
Communication.     Com,  munus,  ate,  ion. 
Communicative.     Com,  munus,  ate,  ive. 
Community.    Com,  munus,  ity. 
Compact.     Com,  pactus. 
Compare.    Com,  par. 
Compassionate.     Com,  passus,  ion,  ate. 
Compatriot.     Com,  patris. 
Compelled.     Com,  pelh. 
Compendious.     Com,  pendo,  ous. 
Compendium.    Com,  pendo. 
Compensate.    Com,  pensum,  ate. 
Competent.     Com,  peto,  ent. 
Competition.     Com,  petitum,  ion. 
Compile.     Com,  pilo. 
Complacence.     Com,  placeo,  ence. 
Complement.    Com,  pleo,  ment. 
Completely.     Com,pletum,ly. 
Complexion.     Com,  pUxum,  ion. 
Complicated.     Com,  plicatum. 
Composure.     Com,  positum,  ure. 
Comprehend.     Com,  prehendo. 
Compressible.     Com,  pressum,  ible. 
Comprised.     Com,  prchensum. 
Compromise.     Com,  pro,  missum. 
Compulsory.     Com,pulsum,  ory. 
Compunction.    Com,  punctum,  ion. 
Concealment.     Con,  celo,  ment. 
Concede.     Con,  cedo. 
Conceive.     Con,  capio. 
Conception.    Con,  captum,  ion. 
Concern.     Con,  cerrto. 
Concert.     Con,  cerlo. 
Conciliatory.    Concilium,  ate,  ory. 
Concise.     Con,  cozsum. 
Conclusive.     Con,  clusum,  ive. 
Concoct.     Con,  coctum. 
Concomitant.     Con,  comitis,  ant. 
Concordance.     Con,  cordis,  ance. 
Concourse.     Con,  cur  sum. 
Concussion.    Con,  quassum,  ion. 
Condemn.     Con,  damnum. 
Condensation.     Con,  densus,  ate,  ion. 
Condescend.     Con,  de,  scando. 
Condign.     Con,  dignus. 
Condition.    Con,  datum,  ion. 
Condole.     Con,  doleo. 
Conduct.    Con,  ductum. 
Conduit.     Con,  ductum. 
Confederacy.     Con,federis,  acy. 
Conference.     Con,fero,  ence. 
Confidential.     Con,fido,  ent,  al. 
Confinement.     Con,  finis,  ment. 
Confirmation.     Con,firmus,  ion. 
Confiscation.     Con,Jiscus,  ate,  ion. 
Conflagration.     Con,jlagro,  ion. 
Conflict.     Con,Jiictum. 
Confluence.    Con^fiuo,  ence. 


Conformity.    Con, ,  brma,  ity. 
Confront.     Con,  frcntis. 
Confusion.     Con,  fusum,  ion. 
Congeal.     Con,  gelu. 
Congenial.     Con,  genus,  al. 
Congregation.    Con,  gregis,  ate,  ion. 
Congress.     Con,  gressus. 
Conjectured.     Con,jactum,ure. 
Conjugal.     Con,  jungo,  al. 
Conjuncture.    Con,junctum,  ure. 
Conjured.     Con,juro. 
Connection.     Con,  necto,  ion. 
Conquest.     Con,  quozsitum. 
Consanguinity.     Con,  sanguinus,  ity. 
Conscientious.     Con,  scientia,  ous. 
Consciousness.     Con,  scio,  ous,  ness. 
Conscription.     Con,  scriptum,  ion. 
Consecrated.     Con,  sacer,  ate. 
Consecutive.     Con,  secutus,  ive. 
Consent.     Con,  sentio. 
Consequence.     Con,  sequor,  ence. 
Consoled.    Con,  solor. 
Consolidate.     Con,  solidus,  ate. 
Consonant.     Con,  sonus,  ant. 
Consort.     Con,  sortis. 
Conspicuous.     Con,  specio,  ous. 
Conspiracy.     Con,  spiro,  acy. 
Constantly.     Con,  sto,  ant,  ly. 
Constellation.    Con,  stella,  ion. 
Consternation.     Con,  stcrno,  ion. 
Constitution.     Con,  statum,  ion. 
Construction.     Con,  structum,  ion. 
Construed.     Con.  struo. 
Consumption.     Con,  sumptum,  ion. 
Contagion.    Con,  tango,  ion. 
Contemporary.     Con,  temporis,  ary. 
Conterminous.     Con,  terminus,  ous. 
Contested.     Con,  testis. 
Context.     Con,  textum. 
Contiguity.     Con,  tango,  ity. 
Contingent.     Con,  tango,  ent. 
Continual.     Con,  teneo,  al. 
Continuity.     Con,  teneo,  ity. 
Contortions.     Con,  tortum,  ion. 
Contradictory.     Contra,  dictum,  ory. 
Contribute.     Con,  tributum. 
Controversy.     Contro,  versum,  y. 
Contumacious.     Con,  tumeo,  acy,  ous. 
Contumely.     Con,  tumeo,  y. 
Contusion.     Con,  tusum,  ion. 
Convalescent.     Con,  valeo,  escent. 
Convenient.     Con,  venio,  ent. 
Conventional.     Con,  ventum,  ion,  al. 
Conviction.     Con,  victum,  ion. 
Convivial.     Con,  vivo,  al. 
Convocation.    Con,  vocatum,  ion. 
Convulsion.     Con,  vulsum,  ion. 
Co-operate.     Co,  opera,  ate. 
Cordiality.     Cordis,  al,  ity. 
Cornet.     Cornu,  et. 
Cornucopiae.     Cornu,  copia. 
Coronation.     Corona,  ion. 
Coroner.     Corona,  er. 
Coronet.     Corona,  et. 
Corporation.    Corporis,  ate^  ion. 
Corporeal.     Corporis,  al. 
Corpulent.     Corpus,  ent. 
Corpuscle.     Corpus,  cle. 
Correction.    Cor,  rectum,  ion. 
Correspond.    Cor,  re,  spondee. 


156 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Corroborative.    Cor,  robur,  ate,  ive. 
Corrupt.     Cor,  ruptum. 
Council.     Concilium. 
Countenance.     Con,  teneo,  ance. 
Counterfeit.     Counter,  facio. 
Countermand.     Counter,  mando. 
Courier.     Curro,  er. 
Creator.     Creatum,  or. 
Credentials.     Credo,  al. 
Credible.     Credo,  ible. 
Credit.     Creditum. 
Credulous.     Credo,  ous. 
Criminal.     Criminis,  al. 
Crucial.    Cruets,  al. 
Crude.     Crudus. 
Culpable.    Culpa,  able. 
Cultivate.    Cultum,  ate. 
Cumulative.    Cumulo,  ate,  ive. 
Curable.    Cur  a,  able. 
Curate.     Cura,  ate. 
Curious.     Cura,  ous. 
Currency.    Curro,  ency. 
Cursory.     Cursum,  ory. 
Custody.     Cuslodis,  y. 
Cutaneous.     Cutis,  ous. 
Debilitated.    De,  habeo,  ity,  ate. 
Debtor.    Debitum,  or. 
Decapitate.    De,  capitis,  ate. 
Decay.    De,  cado. 
Decease.     De,  cessum. 
Decency.    Deceits,  y. 
Decennial.    Decern,  annus,  al. 
Decide.     De,  ccedo. 
Deciduous.    De,  cado,  ous. 
Decisive.    De,  ccesum,  ive. 
Declamation.     De,  clamatum,  ion. 
Declaration.    De,  clarus,  ion. 
Declivity.    De,  clivis,  ity. 
Decoction.    De,  coctum,  ion. 
Decorate.    Decor,  ate. 
Decorum.    Decor. 
Decree.     De,  cretum, 
Decrepitude.    De,  crepitum,  ude. 
Dedicate.    De,  dicatum. 
Defamatory.    De,  fama,  ory. 
Defective.    De,  factum,  ive. 
Defenceless.    De,fensum,  less. 
Defendan  t.    De,  fendo,  ant. 
Deference.    De,fcro,  ence. 
Definitive.    De,  finis,  ite,  ive. 
D  efor m  i  ty .    De,  forma,  ity. 
Defraud.    De,fraudis. 
Degradation.    De,  gradior,  ion. 
Deign.    Dignus. 
Deist.    Deus,  ist. 
Deity.    Deus,  ity. 
Dej ection.    De,  jactum,  ion. 
Delegated.    De,  legatum. 
Deliberation.    De,  libratum,  ion. 
Delineate.    De,  linea,  ate. 
Delinquent.    De,  linquo,  ent. 
Delusion.    De,  lusum,  ion. 
Demolition.    De,  molitus,  ion. 
Demonstrate.    De,  monstratum. 
Demoralize.    De,  moris,  al,  ize. 
Denomination.     De  nomen,  ate,  ion. 
Denounce.    De,  nuncio. 
Density.    Densus,  ity. 
Dentist.    Dentis,  ist. 
Denude.    De,  nudus. 


Denunciation.    De,  nunciatum,  ion. 
Deny.    De,  nego. 
Department.    De,  partis,  ment. 
Depict.    De,  pictum. 
Deplorable.    De,  ploro,  able. 
Deposition.    De,  positum,  ion. 
Deprecate.    De,  precatus. 
Depreciated.    De,  precium,  ate. 
Depredator.    De,  preda,  ate,  or. 
Deprive.    De,  privus. 
Deputation.    De,  putatum,  ion. 
Deputy-governor.    De,  puto,  y,  guberno% 
Derision.    De,  risum,  ion. 
Derived.    De,  rivus. 
Derogatory.    Dc,  rvgatum,  ory. 
Descant.    De,  cantus. 
L'Cccribes.    De,  scribo. 
Desecrate.    De,  sacer,  ate. 
Deserters.    De,  sertum,  er. 
Designate.    De,  signum,  ate. 
Desolate.    De,  solus,  ate. 
Desperado.    De,  spero. 
Despicable.    De,  specio,  able. 
Destitute.    De,  statum. 
Destructive.    De,  siructum,  ive. 
Desultory.    De,  saltum,  ory. 
Detention.    De,  tentum,  ion. 
Deterioration.    Deterior,  ate,  ion. 
Determination.    De,  terminus,  ate,  ion. 
Detraction.    De,  tractum,  ion. 
Detrimental.    De,  tritum,  ment,  al. 
Developed.    De,  velo. 
Deviation.    De,  via,  ate,  ion. 
Devolving.    De,  volvo. 
.Devotee.    De,  votum,  ee. 
Devoured.    De,  voro. 
DeArout.    De,  votum. 
Dexterity.    Dexter,  ity. 
Dial.    Dies,  al. 

Dialects.    Dia,  (Greek,)  ledum. 
Diary.    Dies,  ary. 
Dictatorial.    Dictum,  ate,  ory,  al. 
Diction.    Dictum,  ion. 
Dictionary.    Dictum,  ion,  ary. 
Difficulties.    Dif,  facio,  ty. 
Diffidence.    Dif/Jido,  ence. 
Diffuse.    Dif,  fusum. 
Digit.    Digitus. 
D  i  gnify .    Dignus,  fy. 
Dignity.    Dignus,  ity. 
Digressions.    Di,  gressus,  ion. 
Dilapidation.    Di,  lapidis,  at' ,  ion. 
Dilate.     Di,  latum,. 
Dilatory.    Di,  latum,  ory. 
Diligent.    Di,  lego,  ent. 
Dilute.    Di,  lutum. 
Diminutive.    Di,  minutum,  ive. 
Disarm.    Dis,  arma. 
Discernment.    Dis,  cerno,  ment. 
Discipline.    Discipulus,  ine. 
Disclaim.    Dis,  clamo. 
Disconcert.    Dis,  con,  certo. 
Disconnect.    Dis,  con,  necto. 
Disconsolate.    Dis,  con,  solatus. 
Discourse.    Dis,  cursum. 
Discrepancy.    Dis,  crepo,  ancy. 
Discretion.    Dis,  cretum,  ion. 
Discrimination.    Dis,  cerno,  ate,  '*n. 
Discussion.    Dis,  quassum,  ion. 
Disdain.    Dis,  dignus. 


KEY. 


15» 


Disgusting.    Dis,  gustus. 
Dishonor.    Dis,  honor. 
Disinherit.    Dis,  in,  hceres. 
Dismissed.    Dis,  missum. 
Disparity.    Dis,  par,  ity. 
Dispassionate.    Dis,  passus,  ion,  ate. 
Dispensing.    Dis,  pensum. 
Disposition.    Dis,positum,  ion. 
Disproved.    Dis,  probo. 
Disqualified.    Dis,  qualis,fy. 
Disrespect.    Dis,  re,  spectum. 
Disruption.    Dis,  ruptum,  ion. 
Dissemble.    Dis,  similis,  ble. 
Dissemination.    Dis,  seminis,  ate,  ion. 
Dissertation.    Dis,  sertum,  ion. 
Dissimulation.    Dis.  similis,  ate,  ion. 
Dissolute.    Dis,  solutum. 
Dissuasive.    Dis,  suasum,  ive. 
Distant.    Di,  sto,  ant. 
Distillery.    Di,  stilla,  ry. 
Disturbance.    Dis,  turba,  ance. 
Disuse.    Dis,  usus. 
Diurnal.    Dies,  al. 
Diverge.    Di,  vergo. 
Diversify.    Di,  versum,  fy. 
Diversity.    Di,  versum,  ity. 
Divination.    Divus,  ine,  ion. 
Divinity.    Divus,  ine,  ity. 
Divulge.    Di,  vulgus. 
Docility.    Doceo,  He,  ity. 
Doctor.    Doctum,  or. 
Document.    Doceo,  ment. 
Doleful.    Doleo,ful. 
Domesticate.    Domus,  ic,  ate. 
Domicile.    Domus,  He. 
Domination.    Dominus,  ate,  ion. 
Domineer.    Dominus. 
Dominion.    Dominus,  ion. 
Donation.    Do,  ate,  ion. 
Donor.    Do,  or. 
Dormitory.    Dormitum,  ory. 
Dubious.    Dubius,  ous. 
Ductile.    Ductum,  ile. 
Duel.    Duo. 

Duodecimal.    Duo,  decern,  al. 
Duodecimo.    Duo,  decern. 
Duplicity.    Duo,  plico,  ity. 
Duration.    Durus,  ion. 
Edible.    Edo,  ible. 
Edict.    E,  dictum. 
Edifice.    Edes,facio. 
Educate.    E,  duco,  ate. 
Efface.     Ef,  fades. 
Effected.    Ef,  factum. 
Effeminacy.    Effemina,  acy. 
Efficacious.    Ef,  facio,  ous. 
Effigy.    Ef,  Jingo,  y. 
Efflorescence.    Ef,  floris,  escence. 
Effulgence.    Effulgeo,  ence. 
Effusion.    Effusum,  ion. 
Egotistical.    Ego,  ist,  ical. 
Egregious.    E,  gregis,  ous. 
Ejaculation.    E,  jacio,  ate,  ion. 
Eject.     E,jactum. 
Elaborate.    E,  labw,  ate. 
Elapsed.     E,  lapsus. 
Elate.    E,  latum. 
Election.    E,  ledum,  ion. 
Elevate.    E,  levatum. 
Eligible.    E,lego,ible. 


Elocution.    E,  locutus,  ion. 
Elongate.    E,  longus,  ate. 
Eloquent.    E,  loquor,  ent. 
Elucidate.    E,  luceo,  id,  ate. 
Emergency.    E,  mergo,  ency. 
Emigrate.    E,  migratum. 
Eminent.    E,  mineo,  ent. 
Emissary.    E,  missum,  ary. 
Emollient.    E,  mollis,  ent. 
Emotion.    E,  motum,  ion. 
Emperor,    lmpero,  or. 
Empire.    lmpero. 
Emulation.    Emulus,  ate,  ion. 
Enacted.    En,  actum. 
Enchants.    En,  cantus. 
Encircle.    En,  circus. 
Encumbrance.    En,  cumbo,  ance. 
Endorse.    En,  dorsum. 
Endure.    En,  durus. 
En  j  oin.    En,  jungo. 
Enmity.    En,  amo,  ity. 
Ennoble.    En,  notum,  ble. 
Enormity.    E,  norma,  ity. 
Ensign.    En,  signum. 
Enterprise.    Enter,  prehensum. 
Entertain.    Enter,  teneo. 
Enunciate.     E,  nunciatum. 
Enveloped.    En,  veto. 
Equalize.    Equus,  al,  ize. 
Equanimity.    Equus,  animus,  ity. 
Equation.    Equus,  ate,  ion. 
Equestrian.    Eques,  ian. 
Equilateral.    Equus,  lateris,  al. 
Equilibrium.    Equus,  libro. 
Equinoctial.    Equus,  noctis,  al. 
Equipage.    Eques,  age. 
Equity.    Equus,  ity. 
Equivalent.    Equus,  valeo,  ent. 
Equivocate.    Equus,  vocatum. 
Eradicates.    E,  radicis,  ate. 
Erasure.    E,  rasum,  ure. 
Erratic.    Erratum,  ic. 
Erroneous.    Erro,  ous. 
Erudite.    E,  rudis,  He. 
Eruption.    E,  ruptum,  ion. 
Espouse.    E,  sponsum. 
Essence.    Esse,  ence. 
Essential.    Esse,  al. 
Establish.    E,  statum,  ble,  ish. 
Estimable.    Estimo,  able. 
Estimation.    Estimo,  ate,  ion. 
Evasion.    E,  vasum,  ion, 
Eventually.    E,  ventum,  al,  ly. 
Evident.    E,  video,  ent. 
Evince.    E,  vinco. 
Exact.    Ex,  actum. 
Example.    Exemplum. 
Exasperate.    Ex,  asper,  ate. 
Excavation.    Ex,  cavus,  ate,  ion. 
Except.    Ex,  captum. 
Excessive.    Ex,  cessum,  ive. 
Excision.    Ex,  cmsum,  ion. 
Excitable.    Ex,  cito,  able. 
Excitement.    Ex,  cito,  ment. 
Excrescence.    Ex,  cresco,  ence. 
Excruciating.    Ex,  crucis,  ate. 
Exculpate.    Ex,  culpa,  ate. 
Excursion.    Ex,  cursum,  ion. 
Execute.    Ex,  secutus. 
Exemplary.    Exempium,  ary. 


158 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Example.    Exemplum. 
Exemplification.  Exemplum,  f ado,  ion. 
Exemption.    Ex,  tmptum,  ion. 
Exert.    Ex,  sertum. 
■  Exhalations.    Ex,  halo,  ion. 
Exhaust.    Ex,  haustum. 
Exhibit.    Ex,  habitum. 
Exhumed.    Ex,  humus. 
Exigency.    Ex,  ago,  ency. 
Existence.    Ex,  sisto,  ence. 
Exit.    Ex,  itum. 
Exonerate.    Ex,  oneris,  ate. 
Exorbitant.    Ex,  orbis,  ant. 
Exordium.    Ex,  ordior. 
Expand.    Ex,  pando. 
Expansion.    Ex,pansum,  ion. 
Expatiate.    Ex,  spatium,  ate. 
Expatriate.     Ex,  patris,  ate. 
Expediency.    Ex,  pedis,  ency. 
Expedition.    Ex,  pedis,  ite,  ion. 
Expensive.    Ex,pensum,  ive. 
Expiatory.    Ex,  pigium,  ory. 
Expired.    Ex,  spiro. 
Explains.    Ex,  planus. 
Expletive.    Ex,  pletum,  ive. 
Explicit.    Ex,  plicatum. 
Exploded.    Ex,  plaudo. 
Explore.    Ex,  ploro. 
Explosion.    Ex,  plausum,  ion. 
Expostulated.    Ex,  postulatum. 
Exposure.    Ex,  positum,  ure. 
Expulsion.    Ex,  pulsum,  ion. 
Exquisite.    Ex,  quesilum. 
Extant.    Ex,  sto,  ant. 
Extemporaneous.    Ex,  temporis,  ous. 
Extensive.    Ex,  tensum,  ive. 
Extenuate.    Ex,  tenuis,  ate. 
Exterior.    Exterus,  or. 
Exterminate.    Ex,  terminus,  ate. 
External.    Exterus,  al. 
Extirpation.    Ex,  stirps,  ate,  ion. 
Extol.    Ex,  tollo. 
Extortion.    Ex,  tortum,  ion. 
Extract.    Ex,  tractum. 
Extraneous.    Exterus,  ous. 
Extraordinary.    Extra,  ordinis,  ary. 
Extravagant.    Extra,  vagus,  ant. 
Extremity.    Exterus,  ity.  , 
Fabricate.    Fabrico,  ate. 
Face.    Fades. 

Facilitate.    Facio,  He,  ity,  ate. 
Facility.    Facio,  ile,  ity. 
Fallacious.    Fallo,  acy,  ous. 
Fallacy.    Fallo,  acy. 
Familiarize.    Familia,  ar,  ize. 
Famine.    Fames,  ine. 
Famish.     Fames,  ish. 
Famous.    Fama,  ous. 
Fanatic.    Fanum,  ic. 
Farinaceous.    Farina,  aceous. 
Fatal.  '  Fatus,  al. 
Febrile.    Febris,  ile. 
Federal.    Federis,  al. 
Felicitous.    Felicis,  ity,  ous. 
Feminine.    Femina,  ine. 
Fender.    Fendo,  er. 
Fermentation.    Ferveo,  ment,  ion. 
Ferocious.    Fera,  ous. 
Fervor.    Ferveo,  or. 
Ferule.    Ferula. 


Festival.    Festum,  ive,  al. 
Festivity.    Festum,  ive,  ity. 
Feverish.    Febris,  ish. 
Fictitious.    Fictum,  ous. 
Fidelity.    Fido,  ity. 
Fierce.    Fera. 
Figurative.    Figura,  ive. 
Filial.    Filiu's,  al. 
Finally.    Finis,  al,  ly. 
Finite.    Finis,  ity. 
Firmament.    Firmus,  ment. 
Flagrancy.    Flagro,  ancy. 
Flexible.    Flexum,  ible. 
Floral.    Floris,  al. 
Floriferous.     Floris,  fero,  ous. 
Flourish.    Floris,  ish. 
Florid.    Floris,  id. 
Flowers.    Floris. 
Fluctuation.    Fluxum,  ate,  ion. 
Fluency.    Fluo,  ency. 
Foliage.    Folium,  age. 
Folio.    Folium. 
Formality.    Forma,  al,  ity. 
Fori  ification .    Fortis,  facio,  ion. 
Fortitude.    Fortis,  tude. 
Fortress.    Fortis. 
Fortuitous.    Fortis,  ous. 
Fortunate.    Fortis,  ate. 
Fossils.    Fossa. 
Found.    Fundus. 
Foundation.    Fundus,  ion. 
Fracture.     Fractum,  ure. 
Fragility.    Frango,  ile,  ity. 
Frailty.    Frango,  ty. 
Fraternity.    Frater,  ity. 
Fratricide.    Frater,  cozdo. 
Fraudulent.    Fraudis,  ent. 
Frigidity.    Frigus,  id,  ity. 
Frontiers.    Frontis,  er. 
Frontispiece.    Frontis. 
Fruition.    Fruitus,  ion. 
Fugitive.    Fugitum,  ive. 
Fulgency.    Fulgo,  ence. 
Fumigation.    Fumus,  ate,  ion. 
Fundamental.    Fundus,  ment,  al, 
Fusible.    Fusum,  ible. 
Generalize.     Generis,  al,  ize. 
Generation.    Generis,  ate,  ion. 
Generous.     Generis,  ous. 
Genial.    Genus,  al. 
Genius.    Genus. 
Gentility.     Genus,  ile,  ity. 
Genuine.     Genus,  ine. 
Gesticulation.    Gestum,  ate,  ion. 
Gesture.     Gestum,  ure. 
Gladiatorial.     Gladius,  or,  al. 
Glutton.     Glutio. 
Govern.    Guberno. 
Gracious.     Gratus,  ous. 
Gradation.     Gradior,  ion. 
Graduate.    Gradior,  ate. 
Granary.    Granum,  ary. 
Grandee.    Grandis,  ee. 
Grandeur.     Grandis. 
Granite.     Granum,  ite. 
Granivorous.    Granum,  voro,  ous. 
Grape-vine.     Vinum. 
Grateful.     Gratus,  ful. 
Gratified.    Gratus,  fy. 
Gratis.    Gratus. 


KEY. 


159 


Gratitude     Gratus,  tude. 
Gratuitous.     Gratus,  ity,  ous. 
Gravitation.     Gravis,  ity,  ate,  ion. 
Grievous.     Gravis,  ous. 
Gubernatorial.     Guberno,  ate,  al. 
Habitation.    Habitum,  ion. 
Habitual.    Habitum,  al. 
Hereditary.     Heredis,  ary. 
Hesitate.    Hcesum,  ate. 
Homicide.    Homo,  cozdo. 
Honesty.    Honor,  ty. 
Honorary.    Honor,  ary. 
Horticulture.    Hortus,  cultum,  ure. 
Hospitality.    Hospitis,  al,  ity. 
Hostilities.    Hostis,  He,  ity. 
Hosts.    Hostis. 
Humane.    Homo,  an. 
Humanity.    Homo,  an,  ity. 
Humanize.    Homo,  an,  ize. 
Humiliation.    Humilis,  ate,  ion. 
Identical.    Idem,  ical. 
Id  entity.    Idem,  fy. 
Identity.    Idem,  ity. 
Ignited.    Ignis. 
Ignominy,    lg,  nomen,  y. 
Illegal.     i7,  legis,  al. 
Illiberality.    11,  liber,  al,  ity. 
Illiterate.    11,  litera,  ate. 
Illumination.    II,  luminis,  ate,  ion. 
Imagery.    Imago,  ry. 
Imaginary.    Imaginis,  ary. 
Imbibed.    Im,  bibo. 
Immature.    Im,  maturus. 
Immediately.    Im,  niedius,  ate,  ly. 
Immigration.    Im,  migratum,  ion. 
Immersion.    Im,  mersum,  ion. 
Immemorial.    Im,  memor,  al. 
Immorality.    Im,  moris,  al,  ity. 
Immortalize.    Im,  mortis,  al,  ize. 
Immunities.    Im,  munus,  ity. 
Immured.    Im,  murus. 
Immutable.    Im,  muto,  able* 
Impaired.    Im,  paro. 
Impartial.    Im,  partis,  al. 
Impatient.    Im,  potior,  ent. 
Impediment.    Im,  pedis,  ment. 
Impending.    Im,  pendo. 
Impenetrable.    Im,  penetro,  able. 
Imperative.    Impero,  ive. 
Imperial.    Impero,  al. 
Impertinent.    Im,  per,  teneo,  ent. 
Imperturbable.    Im,per,  turba,  able. 
Impervious.    Im,  per,  via,  ous. 
Impetuous.    Im,  pelo,  ous. 
Impiously.    Im,  pius,  ous,  ly. 
Implacable.    Im,  placeo,  able. 
Implanted.    lm,planta. 
Implements.    Im,  pleo,  ment. 
Implicate.    Im,  plicatum. 
Implored.    Im,  ploro. 
Importunity.    Im,  porto,  ity. 
Imposition.    Im,  positum,  ion. 
Impossible.    Im,  possum,  ible. 
Impotent.    Im,  potui,  ent. 
Impregnable.    Im,  prehendo,  able. 
Impression.     Im,  pressum,  ion. 
Improve.    Im,  probo. 
Impulsive.    Im,  pulsum,  ive. 
Impunity.    Im,  punitum,  y. 
Inadvertence,    In,  ad,  verto,  ence. 

u 


Inalienable.    In,  alienus,  able. 

Inanition.    Inanis,  ity,  ion. 

Inarable.     In,  aro,  able. 

Inarticulate.     In,  articulus,  ate. 

Inaugurate.    In,  augur,  ate: 

Inauspicious,     hi,  auspicis,  ous. 

Incantation.    In,  cantus,  ion. 

Incarcerate.    In,  career,  ate. 

Incarnation.    In,  carnis,  ate,  ion. 

Incendiary.    In,  candeo,  ary. 

Incentive.    In,  candeo,  ive. 

Incident.    In,  cado,  ent. 

Incipient.    In,  capio,  ent. 

Incision.    In,  co2sum,  ion. 

Incitement.    In,  cito,  ment. 

Inclement.    In,  dementis. 

Inclination.    In,  clino,  ion. 

Incoherent.    In,  co,  hozreo,  ent. 

Incommoded.    In,  com,  modus. 

Incomprehensible.  In,  com,  prehensum,  ible. 

Inconsolable.    In,  con,  solor,  able. 

Incorrect.    In,  cor,  rectum. 

Incorrigible.    In,  cor,  rego,  ible. 

Increase.    In,  cresco. 

Incredulity.    In,  credo,  ity. 

Incumbent.    In,  cumbo,  ent. 

Incursion.    In,  cursum,  ion. 

Incurvate.    In,  curvus,  ate. 

Indecorum.    In,  decor. 

Indefinite.    In,  de,  finis,  ite. 

Indemnify.    In,  damnum,  fy. 

Indenture.    In,  dentis,  ure. 

Index.    Index. 

Indication.    In,  dicatum,  ion. 

Indict.    In,  dictum. 

Indigestion.    In,  di,  gestum,  ion. 

Indignant.    In,  dignus,  ant. 

Indispensable.    In,  dis,  pensum,  able. 

Indite.    In,  dictum. 

Individuals.    In,  di,  video,  al. 

Indomitable.    In,  domilum,  able. 

Indubitable.    In,  dubius,  able. 

Inebriate.    In,  ebrius,  ate. 

Inestimable.     In,  estimo,  able. 

Inevitably.    In,  e,  vito,  able,  ly. 

Inexhaustible.    In,  ex,  haustum,  ible. 

Inexorable.    In,  ex,  oro,  able. 

Infamous.    In,fama,  ous. 

Infancy.     In,Jari,ancy. 

Infanticide.    In,  fari,  ant,  cozdo. 

Inferior.    Inferus,  or. 

Infernal.    Ivferus,  al. 

Infested.    In,  festum. 

Infidelity.     ln,fido,ity. 

Infinite.    In,  finis,  ite. 

Infirmary.    In,firmus,  ary. 

Inflammation.    ln,fiamma,  ion. 

Inflate.    In,fiatum. 

Inflexible.    In\flexum,  ible. 

Influential.    In,  fluo,  ent,  al. 

Influx.    In,fiuxum. 

Informality.    In,  forma,  al,  ity. 

Information.    In,  forma,  ion. 

Informer.    In,  forma,  er. 

Infraction.    In,  fractum,  ion. 

Infringement.    In,  frango,  ment. 

Ingenious.    In,  genus,  ous. 

Ingenuity.    In,  genus,  ity. 

Ingenuousness.    In,  genus,  ous,  ties*. 

Ingrate.    In,  gratus. 


160 


THE   MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


Ingratiate.    In,  gratus,  ate. 

Ingratitude.    In,  gratus,  tude. 

Inhabitants.    In,  habitum,  ant. 

Inherent.    In,  ho&reo,  ent. 

Inheritance.     In,  heres,  ance. 

Inimical.    In,  amicus,  al. 

Iniquity.    In,  equus,  ity. 

Initiation.    In,  Hum,  ate,  ion. 

Injurious.     In,  juris,  ous. 

Injustice.    In,  jus,  ice. 

Innocence.    In,  noceo,  ence. 

Innovation.    In,  novus,  ate,  ion. 

Innumerable.    In,  numerus,  able. 

Inoculate.    In,  oculus,  ate. 

Inoperative.    In,  opera,  ate,  ive. 

Inordinate.    In,  ordinis,  ate. 

Inquires.     In,  quero. 

Inquisitive.    In,  quesitum,  ive. 

Insanity.    In,  sanus,  ity. 

Insatiable.    In,  satis,  able. 

Inscrutable.    In,  scrutor,  able. 

Insidious.    In,  sedeo,  ous. 

Insignificant.    In,  signum,  facio,  ant. 

Insinuation.    In,  sinus,  ate,  ion. 

Insipid.    In,  sapio,  id. 

Inspiration.    In,  spiratum,  ion. 

Inspirit.    In,  spiro. 

Instant.    In,  sto,  ant. 

Instituted.    In,  sto. 

Instrument.    In,  struo,  ment/. 

Insubordination.    In,  sub,  ordinis,  ate,  ion. 

Insular.    Insula,  ar. 

Insult.    In,  saltum. 

Insuperable.    In,  super,  able. 

Insurgents.    In,  surgo,  ent. 

Intangible.    In,  tango,  ible. 

Insurrection.    In,  surrectum,  ion. 

Integrity.    Integer,  ity. 

Intelligible.    Intel,  lego,  ible. 

Intemperance.    In,  temporis,  er,  ance. 

Intensity.    In,  tensum,  ity. 

Intercede.    Inter,  cedo. 

Intercept.    Inter,  captum. 

Intercession.    Inter,  cessum,  ion. 

Interdict.    Inter,  dictum. 

Interests.    Inter,  esse. 

Interior.    Intra,  or. 

Interminable.    In,  terminus,  able. 

Intermittent.    Inter,  mitto,  ent. 

Interregnum.    Inter,  rego. 

Interrogation.    Inter,  rogatum,  ion. 

Interruption.    Inter,  ruptum,  ion. 

Interspersing.    Inter,  sparsum. 

Interstices.    Inter,  sto,  ice. 

Intervened.    Inter,  venio. 

Intestate.    In,  testis,  ate. 

Intimation.    Intus,  ate,  ion. 

Intimidate.    In,  timeo,  id,  ate 

Intrinsic.     Intra,  ic. 

Introductory.    Intro,  ductum,  ory. 

Intrusion.    In,  trusum,  ion. 

Intuition.    In,  tuitus,  ion. 

Inundate.    In,  unda,  ate. 

Invalidate.    In,  vale.o,  id,  ate. 

Invaluable.    In,  valeo,  able. 

Invasion.    In,  vasum,  ion. 

Invective.    In,  vectum,  ive. 

Inveigh.     In,  veho. 

Invention.    In,  ventum,  ion. 

Invest.    In,  vestis. 


Investigate.    In,  vestigium,  ate. 
Inveterate.    In,  veteris,  ate. 
Invigorate.     In,  vigor,  ate. 
Invincible.    In,  vinco,  ible. 
Invisible.    In,  visum,  ible. 
Invocation.    In,  vocatum,  ion. 
Invulnerable.    In,  vulneris,  able. 
Irascible.    Ira,  ible. 
Irradiates.    Ir,  radias,  ate. 
Irrational.     Ir,  rat  us,  ion,  al. 
Irrefragable.    Ir,  re,frango,  able. 
Irrelevant.    Ir,  re,  levo,  ant. 
Irremediable.    Ir,  re,  medeor,  able. 
Irresponsible.    Ir,  re,  sj)onsum,  ible. 
Irreverent.    Ir,  re,  vereor,  ent. 
Irreversible.    Ir,  re,  versum,  ible. 
Irrevocable.    Ir,  re,  voco,  able. 
Irrigate.    Ir,  rigatum. 
Isolated.    Insula,  ate. 
Iterate.    Iter,  ate. 
Itinerant.    Itineris,  ant. 
Jocularity.    Jocus,  ar,  ity. 
Judicatory.    Judicatum,  ory 
Judicious.    Judico,  ous. 
Judiciary.    Judico,  ary. 
Junction.    Junctum,  ion. 
Junior.    Juvenis,  or. 
Jurisdiction.    Juris,  dictum,  ion.  > 
Jurisprudence.    Juris,  pro,  video,  end. 
Jury.    Juro,  y. 
Justice.    Jus,  ice. 
Juvenile.    Juvenis,  He. 
Laborious.    Labor,  ous. 
Language.    Lingua,  age. 
Latitude.    Latus,  tude. 
Laudatory.    Laudis,  ory. 
Lecture.    Ledum,  ure. 
Legal.    Legis,  al. 
Legation.    Legatum,  ion. 
Legend.    Lego. 
Legible.    Lego,  ible. 
Legislature.    Legis,  latum,  ure. 
Legitimate.    Legis,  ate. 
Lenity.    Lenis,  ity. 
Levity.    Levo,  ity. 
Liberalize.    Liber„  al,  ize. 
Liberty.    Liber,  ty. 
Library.    Libri,  ary. 
Lineage.    Linea,  age. 
Lineament.    Linea,  ment. 
Linen.    Linum. 
Linguist.    Lingua,  ist. 
Linseed.    Linum. 
Literature.    Liter  a,  ure. 
Litigation.    Litis,  ago,  ate,  ion. 
Locality.    Locus,  al,  ity. 
Locomotion.    Locus,  motum,  ion. 
Longevity.    Longus,  cvum,  ity. 
Longitude     Longus,  tude. 
Loquacity.    Loquor,  ity. 
Lucid.    Luceo,  id. 
Lucrative.    Lucrum,  ive. 
Ludicrous.    Ludo,  ous. 
Luminary.    Luminis,  ary. 
Lunacy.    Luna,  acy. 
Lunatic.    Luna,  ic. 
Magisterial.    Magister,  al. 
Magistracy.     Magister,  acy. 
Magnanimity.    Magnus,  animus,  ity. 
Magnify.    Magnus,  fy. 


KEY. 


161 


Magnitude.    Magnus,  tude. 

Maintain.    Manus,  Unto. 

Majority.    Mapr,  ity. 

Maladministration.    Male,  ad,  ministri,  ate, 

ion. 
Malcontent.    Male,  con,  tentum. 
Malediction.     Male,  dictum,  ion. 
Malevolent.    Male,  volo,  ent. 
Malicious.    Male,  ice,  ous. 
Malignity.    Male,  ity. 
Manacles.    Manus,  c/e. 
Management.    Manus,  ago.  mcnt. 
Mandate.    Mandatum. 
Manoeuvre.    Manus,  opera. 
Manual.    Manus,  al. 
Manufactory.    Manus,  factum,  ory. 
Manumission.     Manus,  missum,  ion. 
Manuscript.     Manus,  scriptum. 
Maritime.    Mare. 
Matron.    Matris. 
Maturity.    Maturus,  ity. 
Meandering.    Meo. 
Mediation.    Medius,  ate,  ion. 
Medical.    Medeor,  ical. 
Medicinal.    Medeor,  ine,  al. 
Medium.    Medius. 
Melioration.    Melior,  ate,  ion. 
Memento.    Memor. 
Memorable.    Memor,  able.  • 

Memorial.    Memor,  al. 
Memory.    Memor,  y. 
Mental.    Mentis,  al. 
Mercantile.    Mercor,  ant,  ile. 
Mercenary.    Mercor,  ary. 
Merchandise.  Mercor,  ant,  ise. 
Merchant.     Mercor,  ant. 
Meridian.    Medius,  dies,  an. 
Migration.     Migratum,  ion. 
Militant.     Militis,  ant. 
Militia.    Militis. 
Millennium.    Mille,  annus. 
Ministerial.    Minister,  al. 
Minority.    Minor,  ity. 
Minute.    Minutum. 
Miraculous.    Mirus,  ous. 
Miscellaneous.    Miceo,  ous. 
Miscellany.    Misceo,  y. 
Misery.    Miser,  y. 
Misfortune.    Mis,  fortis. 
Missionary.    Missum,  ion,  ary. 
Missive.    Missum,  ive. 
Mitigate.    Mitigo,  ate. 
Moderate.    Modus,  ate. 
Modesty.    Modus,  ty. 
Modify.    Modus,  fy. 
Mollify.    Mollis,  fy. 
Monster.     Monsiro,  er. 
Monstrous.    Monstro,  ous. 
Morbidly.    Morbus,  id,  ly. 
Mortification.    Mortis,  f ado,  ion. 
Mortify.    Mortis,  fy. 
Motive.    Motum,  ive. 
Movables.    Moveo,  able. 
Movement.    Moveo,  ment. 
Mul  tiform.    Multus,  forma. 
Multitude.    Multus,  tude. 
Mundane.    Mundus. 
Municipal.    Munus,  capio,  al. 
Munificence.    Munustfacio,  ence. 
Muses.    Musa. 


Museum.    Musa. 
Musician.    Musa,  ic,  an. 
Mutability.     Muto,  able,  ity. 
Mutual.    Muta,  al. 
Nativity.    Natus,  ive,  ity. 
Naturalist.    Natus,  ure,  al,  ist. 
Nautical.    Nauta,ical. 
Naval.    Navis,  al. 
Navigation.    Navis,  ago,  ate,  ion. 
Nefarious.    Nefarius,  ous. 
Negatives.    Negatum,  ive. 
Negligence.    Neg,  lego,  ence. 
Negotiate.    Neg,  otium,  ate. 
Neutralizes.    Neuter,  al,  izt. 
Nobility.    Nomen,  ble,  ity. 
Noble.    Nomen,  ble. 
Nocturnal.    NocLis,  al. 
Nominal.    Nomen,  al. 
Normal.    Norma,  al. 
Notify.    Noia,  fy. 
Notorious.    Notum,  ous. 
Novels.    Novus. 
Novice.    Novus. 
Nudity.    Nudus,  ity. 
Nuisance.    Noceo,  ance. 
Nullify.    Nullus,  fy. 
Nullity.    Nullus,  ity. 
Numerical.    Numerus,  ical. 
Nuptials.    Nuptum,  al. 
Obduracy.     Ob,  durus,  acy. 
Obituary.     Ob,  Hum,  ary. 
Oblation.     Ob,  latum%  ion. 
Obligation.     Ob,  ligatum,  ion. 
Obliterate.    Ob,  litera,  ate. 
Obloquy.     Ob,  loquor,  y. 
Obsequies.     Ob,  sequor. 
Obsequious.     Ob,  sequor,  ous. 
Observing.     Ob,  servo. 
Obviate.     Ob,  via,  ate. 
Obviously.     Ob,  via,  ous,  ly. 
Occasion.     Oc,  eastern,  ion. 
Occupation.     Oc,  capio,  ion. 
Occupied.     Oc,  capio. 
Occurrence.     Oc,  curro,  ence. 
Ocular.     Oculus,  ar. 
Odious.     Odi,  ous. 
Odium.    X>di. 
Officiate.     Of,  facio,  ate. 
Olfactory.     Oleo,  factum,  ory. 
Omnipotent.     Omnis,  potui,  ent. 
Omnipresent.    Omnis,  pre,  entit. 
Omniscient.     Omnis,  scio,  ent. 
Onerous.     Oneris,  ous. 
Operation.     Opera,  ate,  ion. 
Opinion.     Opinor,  ion. 
Opponent.     Op,  pono,  ent. 
Opportunity.     Op,  porto,  ity. 
Oppression.     Op,  pressum,  ion. 
Option.     Opto,  ion. 
Oracle.     Oro,  cle. 
Oratory.     Oratum,  ory. 
Orbit.     Orbis. 
Order.     Ordo,  er. 
Ordinances.     Ordinis,  ance. 
Oriental.     Orior,  ent,  al. 
Originally.     Orior,  al,  ly. 
Orisons.     Oro. 
Ornament.     Orno,  ment. 
Ornate.     Ornatum. 
Ostensible.    Os,  tensum,  ible. 


162 


THE    MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


Ostentation.     Os,  tensum,  ion. 

Oval.     Ovum,  al. 

Pacification.    Pacts,  f ado,  ion. 

Pacify.    Pads,  ft/. 

Paganism.    Pagus,  an,  ism. 

Pall.     Pallium. 

Palliative.    Pallium,  ate,  ive. 

Paramount.    Para  (Greek),  montis. 

Parapet.     Para,  pectus. 

Parental.    Pario,  ent,  al. 

Parricide.     Pater,  cazdo. 

Participate.    Partis,  capio,  ate. 

Particle.    Partis,  cle. 

Partisan.    Partis,  an. 

Partition.     Partis,  ion. 

Passionate.    Passus,  ion,  ate. 

Pastoral.    Paslum,  or,  al. 

Paternal.     Pater,  al. 

Patience.    Patior,  ence. 

Patrician.    Patris,  ian. 

Patrimony.     Patris,  mony. 

Patronage.    Patris,  age. 

Pauperism.    Pauper,  ism. 

Peculate.    Peculalus. 

Peculiar.    Peculium,  ar. 

Pecuniary.    Pecunia,  ary. 

Peddler.    Pedis,  e.r. 

Pedestrian.    Pedis,  ian. 

Peerage.    Par,  age. 

Pen.    Penna. 

Penalty.    Pemteo,  al,  ty. 

Pendulum.    Pendo. 

Penetration.    Penetratum,  ion. 

Peninsulas.     Pene,  insula. 

Penitentiary.    Peniteo,  ent,  ary. 

Pension.    Pensum,  ion. 

People.    Populus. 

Perambulate.    Per,  ambulatum. 

Perceptible.    Per,  captuw,,  ible. 

Peremptory.    Per,  emptum,  ory. 

Perennial.     Per,  annus,  al. 

Perfect.    Per,  factum. 

Perfidy.     Per,fido.  y. 

Performance.    Per,  forma,  ance. 

Perfumery.    Per,  fumus,  ry. 

Perjury.    Per,juro,  y. 

Permanent.    Per,  maneo,  ent. 

Permission.    Per,  missum,  ion. 

Peroration.    Per,  oratum,  ion. 

Perquisites.    Per,  quesitum. 

Persecuted.    Per,  secutus. 

Perseverance.    Per,  severus,  ance. 

Persistent.    Per,  sisto,  ent. 

Personally.    Persona,  al,  ly. 

Personated.    Persona,  ate. 

Personify.    Persona,  fy. 

Perspicuity.    Per,  specio,  ity. 

Pertinacity.    Per,  teneo,  ity. 

Pertinacious.    Per,  teneo,  aceous. 

Perturbation.    Per,  turba,  ate,  ion. 

Peruse     Per,  usus. 

Pervaded.    Per,  vado. 

Perversion.    Per,  versum,  ion. 

Pestiferous.    (Pestis,  a  plague,)  fero,  ous. 

Petulant.     Peto,  ant. 

Picturesque.    Pictum. 

Pillage.    Pilo,  age. 

Placid.    Placeo,  id. 

Plantain.    Planta. 

Plantation.    Planta,  ion. 


Plausible.    Plausum,  ible. 
Pleasure.    Placeo,  ure. 
Plebeian.     Plebs,  ian. 
Plenipotentiary.    Plenus,  potui,  ent,  ary. 
Plentiful.    Plenus,  ful. 
Pliant.    Plico,  ant. 
Plummet.    Plumbum,  et. 
Plurality.    Plurus,  al,  ity. 
Polished.    Polio,  ish. 
Politeness.    Polio,  ite,  ness. 
Penological.    Pomum,  logos  (Greek),  ical, 
Poor.    Pauper. 
Ponderous.     Ponderis,  ous. 
Pontiff.    (Pontis,  a  bridge,)  facio. 
Popular.    Populus,  ar. 
Population.    Populus,  ate,  ion. 
Populous.    Populus,  ous. 
Portable.    Porto,  able. 
Ports.    Porta. 
Portals.    Porta,  al. 
Portend.    Porro,  tendo. 
Portentous.    Porro,  tentum,  ous. 
Portfolio.    Porto,  folium. 
Portly.    Porto,  ly. 
Portmanteau.    Porto,  manus. 
Portray.    Por,  tralio. 
Position.    Positum,  ion. 
Possession.    Posse,  sessum,  ion. 
Posterfty.    Posierus,  ity. 
Post-meridian.    Post,  medius,  dies,  an. 
Potentate.    Potui,  ent,  ate. 
Precarious.    Precor,  ous. 
Precaution.     Pre,  cautio,  ion. 
Precedent.    Pre,  cedo,  ent. 
Preceptor.    Pre,  captum,  or. 
Precinct.    Pre,  cinctum. 
Precious.    Precium,  ous. 
Precipice.    Pre,  caput,  ice. 
Precipitately.    Pre,  capitis,  ate,  ly. 
Precision.    Pre,  cozsum,  ion. 
Preconcerted.     Pre,  con,  certo. 
Precursor.    Pre,  cursum,  or. 
Predatory.    Preda,  ory. 
Predecessor.    Pre,  de,  cessum,  or. 
Predicable.    Pre,  dico,  able. 
Predominate.    Pre,  dominus,  ate. 
Preface.     Pre,  fari. 
Prefatory.    Pre,fatus,  ory. 
Preference.    Pre,  fero,  ence. 
Prejudicial.    Pre,judico,  al. 
Preliminary.    Pre,  liminis,  ary. 
Premature.    Pre,  maturus. 
Premeditated.    Pre,  meditor,  ate. 
Premonitory.    Pre,monitum,  ory. 
Preponderates.    Pre,  ponderis,  ate. 
Preposterous.    Pre,  posterus,  ous. 
Prerogative.    Pre,  rogatum,  ive. 
Present.    Pre,  entis. 
Presentiment.    Pre,  sentio,  ment. 
Preservation.    Pre,  servatum,  ion. 
Preserve.    Pre,  servo. 
Presidency.    Pre.  sedeo,  ency. 
Pressure.    Pressum,  ure. 
Presumption.    Pre,  sumptum,  ion 
Pretension.    Pre,  tensum,  ion. 
Pretext.    Pre,  textum. 
Prevalent.    Pre,  valeo,  ent.' 
Prevent.    Pre,  ventum. 
Primeval.    Primus,  evum,  al. 
Primroses.    Primus,  (rosa,  a  rose.) 


KEY. 


163 


Prince.    Primus. 
Principal.    Primus,  capio,  al 
Principle.     Primus,  capio. 
Print.    Premo. 
Prior.    Primus. 
Privacy.    Privus,  acy. 
Privateer.    Privus,  ate,  eer. 
Privileges.     Privus,  legis. 
Privily.    Privus,  ly. 
Prize.    Prehei  sum. 
Probable.    Probo,  able. 
Probation.    Probatum,  ion. 
Probe.    Probo. 
Procedure.    Pro,  cedo,  ure. 
Proclamation.    Pro,  clamalum,  ion. 
Proclivity.    Pro,  clivus,  ity. 
Procrastination.    Pro,  eras,  ate,  ion. 
Procurement.    Pro,  cur  a,  ment. 
Profane.    Pro,  fanum. 
Professed.    Pro,  fessum. 
Proffer.    Pro,  fero. 
Proficiency.    Pro,  facio,  ency. 
Profligate.    Pro,Jligo,  ate. 
Profound.    Profundus. 
Profundity.    Pro,  fundus,  ity. 
Profusion.    Pro,  fusum,  ion. 
Progenitor.    Pro,  genus,  or. 
Progress.    Pro,  grvssus. 
Prohibit.    Pro,  habeo. 
Prominent.    Pro,  mineo,  ent. 
Promiscuous.    Pro,  misceo,  ous. 
Promissory.    Pro,  missum,  ory. 
Promotion.    Pro,  motum,  ion. 
Promotive.    Pro,  motum,  ive. 
Propensity.    Pro,  pensum,  ity. 
Property.    Proprius,  ty. 
Proposition.    Pro,  positum.,  ion. 
Propriety.    Proprius,  ty. 
Prosecution.    Pro,  secutus,  ion. 
Prosperity.    Pro%  spero,  ity. 
Prostration.    Pro,  stratum,  ion. 
Protection.    Pro,  tectum,  ion. 
Protestants.    Pro,  testis,  ant. 
Prove.    Probo. 
Proverbs.    Pro,  verbum. 
Providence.    Pro,  video,  ence. 
Province.    Pro,  vinco. 
Provision.    Pro,  visum,  ion. 
Proviso.    Pro,  visum. 
Provocation.    Pro,  vocatum,  ion. 
P/oximity.    Proximus,  ity. 
Proxy.    Pro,  cura,  y. 
Prudent.    Pro,  video,  ent. 
Publication.    Publico,ion. 
Publicity.    Publico,  ity. 
Puerile.    Puer,  He. 
Pugilist.    Pugna,  ist. 
Pugnacious.    Pugna,  aceous. 
Pulverization.    Pulveris,  ize,  ion. 
Punctuality.    Punctum,  al,  ity. 
Punctuation.    Punctum,  ate,  ion. 
Puncture.    Punctum,  ure. 
Pungent.    Puvgo,  ent. 
Punishable.    Punio,  ish,  able. 
Pursued.    Per,  sequor. 
Pursuit.     Per,  sequor. 
Quadruped.     Quadra,  pedis. 
Qualification.     Qualis,  facio,  ion. 
Quality.     Qualis,  ity. 
Quantity.     Quantus,  ity. 
14* 


Quarantine.    Quartus,  ine. 
Quarrelsome.     Queror. 
Quart.     Quartus. 
Query.     Quero,  y. 
Question.     Quesitum,  ion. 
Quiescence.     Quies,  ence. 
Quintillion.     Quinque,  ion. 
Quota.     Quot. 
Radiance.    Radius,  ance. 
Rancorous.    Ranceo,  or,  ous. 
Rapacious.    Rapio,  aceous. 
Rapidly.    Rapio,  id,  ly. 
Rapine.    Rapio,  ine. 
Rapture.    Raptum,  ure. 
Ratification.    Ratus,  facio,  ion. 
Rational.    Ratus,  ion,  al. 
Ravage.    Rapio,  age. 
Ravings.    Rabies. 
Rays.    Radius,  y. 
Razed.    Rasum. 
Realize.    Res,  al,  ize. 
Rebellion.    Re,  helium,  ion. 
Receive.    Re,  capio. 
Receptacle.    Re,  captum,  cle. 
Recipe.    Re,  capio. 
Recipient.    Re,  capio,  ent. 
Recitation.    Re,  cito,  ion. 
Recognized.    Re,  cog,  nasco,  ize. 
Recompense.    Re,  com,  pensum. 
Reconuoitering.    Re,  con,  notum. 
Recourse.    Re,  cursum. 
Recreations.    Re,  creatum,  ion. 
Recrimination.    Re,  criminis,  ate,  ion. 
Rectify.    Rectum,  fy. 
Rectitude.    Rectum,  tude. 
Recumbent.    Re,  cumbo,  ent. 
Redeem.    Red,  e.mo. 
Redemption.    Red,  emptum,  ion. 
Redolent.    Red,  oleo,  ent. 
Redundant.    Red,  unda,  ant. 
Reference.    Re,  fero,  ence. 
Reformation.    Re,  forma,  ion. 
Refractory.    Re,  fractum,  ory. 
R  ef u  gee.    Re,  fugio,  ee. 
Refusing.    Re,  fusum. 
Regal.    Rego,  al. 
Regent.    Rego,  ent. 
Regulate.    Rego,  ate. 
Reign.    Rego. 
Reiterate.    Re,  iter,  ate. 
Relapse.    Re,  lapsus. 
Relation.    Re,  latum,ion. 
Relevant.    Re,  levo,  ant. 
Relic.     Re,  lictum. 
Religion.    Re,  ligo,  ion. 
Relinquish.    Re,  linquo,  ish. 
Reluctant.    Re,  luctor,  ant. 
Remain.    Re,  maneo. 
Remanded.    Re,  mando. 
Remedial.    Re,  medecr,  al. 
Remedy.    Re,  medeor,  y. 
Remember.     Re,  memor. 
Remembrance.    Re,  memor,  ance. 
Reminiscence.    Re,  memor,  ence. 
Remnant.    Re,  maneo,  ant. 
Remonstrate.     Re,  monstratum. 
Remuneration.    Re,  muneris,  ate,  ion. 
Render.    Re,  do. 
Renounced.    Re,  nuncio. 
Renovated.    Re,  novus,  ate. 


164 


THE   MODEL    ETYMOLOGY. 


Reparation.    Re,  paratum,  ion. 
Repetition.    Re,  petitum,  ion. 
Replete.    Re,  pletum. 
Reprehensible.    Re,  prehensum,  ible. 
Representative.    Re,  pre,  entis,  ive. 
Repugnance.    Re,  pugna,  ance. 
Repulsive.    Re,  pulsum,  ive. 
Reputation.     Re,putatum,  ion. 
Requisite.    Re,  quesitum. 
Requisition.    Re,  quesitum,)  ion. 
Reservoir.    Re,  servo. 
Resigned.     Re,  signum. 
Resolved.     Re,  salvo. 
Resort.    Re,  sortis. 
Respectable.    Re,  spectum,  able. 
Resplendent.    Re,  splendeo,  ent. 
Responsible.    Re,  sponsum,  ible. 
Restitution.    Re,  sto,  ion. 
Restrain.    Re,  stringo. 
Restrictions.    Re,  strictum,  ion. 
Resurrection.    Re,  surrectum,  ion. 
Resuscitate.    Re,  sus,  cito,  ate. 
Retentive.    Re,  tentum,  ive. 
Retorted.     Re,  tortum. 
Retribution.    Re,  tributum,  ion. 
Retrograde.     Retro,  gradior. 
Retrospect.    Retro,  spectum. 
Revelation.    Re,  veto.  ion. 
Revenge.    Re,  vtndex. 
Revenue.     Re,  venio. 
Reverential.    Re,  vereor,  ent,  al. 
Reversed.    Re,  versum. 
Revolt.    Re,  volvo. 
Revolution.    Re,  volutum,  ion. 
Ridiculed.    Rideo. 
Ridiculous.    Rideo,  ous. 
Rigid.    Rigeo,  id. 
Rigorous.    Rigeo,  or,  ous. 
Risible.    Risum,  ible. 
Rival.    Rivus,  al. 
River.    Rivus,  er. 
Rivulet.    Jiivus,  let. 
Robust.    Robur. 
Rotary.     Rota,  ary. 
Rotation.    Rota,  ate,  ion. 
Rotundity.     Rota,  ity. 
Routine.    Rota,  ine. 
Rudiments.     Rudis,  ment. 
Rumor.    Rumor. 
Rupture.    Ruptum,  ure. 
Rural.    Ruris,  al. 
Rusticate.    Rus,  ic,  ale. 
Sacrament.    Sacri,  ment. 
Sacrifice.    Sacri,  facio. 
Sacrilege.     Sacri,  legis. 
Sagacious.    Sagacis,  ous. 
Sagacity.    Sagacis,  ity. 
Salary.    Sal,  ary. 
Saline.     Sal,  ine. 
Sally.    Saio. 
Salt.     Sal. 

Salubrity.    Salus,  ity. 
Salutation.    Sululis,  ion. 
Salutatory.    Salutis,  ory. 
Sample.    Exemplum. 
Sanative.    Sanus,  ive. 
Sanctimonious.    Sanctus,  mony,  ous. 
Sanction.    Sanctus,  ion. 
Sanctity.    Sanctus,  ity. 
Sanctuary.    Sanctus,  ary. 


Sanguinary.    Sanguinist  ary. 

Sanity.    Sanus,  ity. 

Sapient.    Sapio,  ent. 

Satiate.    Satis,  ate. 

Satiety.    Satis,  ty. 

Satisfactory.    Satis,  factum^  ory. 

Savory.    Sapio,  ory. 

Scald.     Caleo. 

Scale.    Scala. 

Scientific.    Scientia,  facio. 

Scribbling.     Scribo. 

Scriptures.    Scriptum,  ure. 

Scrutinizes.    Scrutor,  ize. 

Secession.    Se,  cessum,  ion. 

Seclusion.    Se,  clusum,  ion. 

Secrete.    Se,  cretum. 

Sections.    Sectum,  ion. 

Secular.    Seculum,  ar. 

Security.    Se,  cura,  ity. 

Sedate.    Sedeo,  ate. 

Sedentary.    Sedeo,  ary. 

Sediment.    Sedeo,  ment. 

Sedition.    Sedeo,  Hum,  ion. 

Sensitive.    Sensum,  ive. 

Sentenced.    Sentio,  ence. 

Sentimental.    Sentio,  ment,  al. 

Septennial.     Septem,  annus,  al. 

Sepulchre.    Sepulchrum.* 

Sequel.     Sequor. 

Surfeited.     Sur,  facio. 

Series.    Sero. 

Serpentine.    Serpo,  ent,  ine. 

Servant.    Servo,  ant. 

Servitude.    Servo,  tude. 

Servile.    Servo,  He. 

Session.    Sessum,  ion. 

Severely.    Severus,  ly. 

Signals.    Signum,  al. 

Similarity.     Similis,  ar,  ity. 

Simultaneous.    Similis,  ous. 

Sinecure.    Sine,  cura. 

Sinister.    Sinister. 

Soap.    Sapo. 

Sobriety.    Sine,  ebrius,  ity. 

Social.    Socius,  al. 

Sociable.    Socius,  able. 

Society.    Socius,  ty. 

Solace.    Solor. 

Solar.    Sol,  ar. 

Soldiery.    Solidus,  er,  y. 

Solidify.    Solidus,  fy. 

Soliloquy.    Solus,  loquor,  y. 

Solitary.    Solus,  ary. 

Soluble.    Solutum,  ble. 

Solution.    Solutum,  ion. 

Solvency.    Splvo,  ency. 

Somnambulist.    Somnus,  ambulo,  ist. 

Sound.     Sonus. 

Sparsely.    Sparsum,  ly. 

Special.    Specio,  al. 

Species.    Specio, 

Specific.    Specio,  fy,  ic. 

Specifies.    Specio,  fy. 

Specimen.     Specio. 

Specious.    Specio,  ous. 

Spectres.     Spectum. 

Speculated.     Specio,  ate. 

Spiritual.     Spiratum,  al. 

Splendid.    Splendeo,  id. 

Squadron.     Quadra. 


KEY. 


165 


Stability.    Sto,  able,  ity. 
Stationary.    Statum,  ion,  dry. 
Stature.    Statum,  ure. 
Strictures.    Strictum,  ure. 
Subj  ected.    Sub.  jactum. 
Subjugate.    Sub,jungo,  ate. 
Submarine.    Sub,  mare,  ine. 
Subordinate.    Sub,  ordinis,  ate. 
Subpoena.     Sub,  peniceo. 
Subsequent.    Sub,  sequor,  ent. 
Subservient.    Sub,  servo,  ent. 
Subsidiary.     Sub,  sedeo,  ary. 
Subsidized.    Sub,  sed,eo,  ize. 
Subsistence.    Sub.  sislo,  ence. 
Substantial.    Sub,  statum,  al. 
Substituted.    Sub,  statum. 
Subterfuge.     Subter,  fugio. 
Subversive.    Sub,  versum,  ive. 
Succession.     Sue,  cessum,  ion. 
Succor.    Sue,  curro. 
Succumb.     Sue,  cumbo. 
Sufficient.     Suf,facio,ent. 
Suffrage.    Sffrango. 
Suicidal.     Sui,  cozdo,  al. 
Sumptuous.     Sumptum,  ous. 
Superabundance.    Super,  ab,  undo,  ance. 
Superannuated.     Super,  annus,  ate. 
Supercilious.    Super,  (cilium,  the  eyelids,) 

ous. 
Superfluity.    Super,  fiuo,  ity. 
Superintending.    Super,  in,  tendo. 
Superior.     Superior. 
Supernatural.    Super,  natus,  ure,  al. 
Supernumeraries.    Super,  numerus,  ary. 
Supersede.    Super,  sedeo. 
Superstition.    Super,  statum,  ion. 
Superstructure.    Super,  structum,  ure. 
Supervenes.    Super,  venio. 
Supervision.    Super,  visum,  ion. 
Supplant.    Sup,  planta. 
Supplement.    Sup,  pleo,  ment. 
Supplying.    Sup,  pleo. 
Supremacy.    Supremus,  acy. 
Surmise.    Sur,  missum. 
Surmount.    Sur,  monlis. 
Surplus.    Sur,  plus. 
Surprise.    Sur,  prehensum. 
Surreptitious.    Sur,  reptum,  ous. 
Survey.    Sur,  video. 
Susceptible.    Sus,  captum,  ible. 
Suspected.    Sus,  spectum. 
Suspend.    Sus,  pendo. 
Suspension.    Sus,  pensum,  ion. 
Sustenance.    Sus,  teneo,  ance.  . 
Tabernacle.    Taberna,  cle. 
Taciturn.    Taciturn. 
Temperament.    Tempus,  er,  ment. 
Temperance.    Tempus,  er,  ance. 
Temporal.    Temporis,  al. 
Temptation.    Tentatum,  ion. 
Tenable.    Teneo,  able. 
Tenacious.    Teneo,  aceous. 
Tendril.    Teneo. 
Tense.    Tempus. 
Tenure.    Teneo,  ure. 
Terminate.    Terminus,  ate. 
Terraqueous.    Terra,  aqua,  ous. 
Terrible.    Terreo,  ible. 
Terrific.    Terreo,  fy. 
Terrify.    Terreo, fy. 


Territory.    Terra,  ory. 

Terseness.    Tersum,  ness, 

Testament.    Testis,  ment. 

Testator.    Testis,  ate,  or. 

Testify.    Testis,  fy. 

Testimony.    Testis,  mony. 

Texture.    Textum,  ure. 

Timorous.    Timeo,  ous. 

Tint.    Tinctum. 

Tolerate.    Tollo,  ate. 

Torment.    Tortum,  ment. 

Torpedo.    Torpeo. 

Torpid.    Torpeo,  id. 

Tortuous.    Tortum,  ous. 

Totally.    Talus,  al,  ly. 

Tractable.    Traclum,  able. 

Tradition.    Traditum,  ion. 

Traitor.    Traditum,  or. 

Transact.    Trans,  actum. 

Transcend.    Trans,  scando. 

Transcribe.    Trans,  scribo. 

Transfiguration.    Trans,  Jigura,  ate,  ion. 

Transformation.    Trans,  forma,  ion. 

Transgression.    Trans,  gressus,  ion. 

Transitory.    Trans,  itum,  ory. 

Translate.    Trans,  latum. 

Translucent.    Trans,  luceo,  ent. 

Transmarine.    Trans,  mare,  ine. 

Transm  i  gration .    Trans,  migratum,  ion. 

Transmute.    Trans,  muto. 

Transparent.    Trans,  pareo,  ent. 

Transplanting.    Trans,  planta. 

Transported.    Trans,  parte 

Transposing.    Trans,  positum 

Traverse.    Trans,  versum. 

Treaty.    Tractum,  y. 

Tremendous.    Tremo,  ous. 

Tremulous.    Tremo,  ous. 

Tributary.    Tributum,  ary. 

Trite.    Tritum. 

Trivial.    Tria,  via,  al. 

Tuition.    Tuitus,  ion. 

Tumid.    Tumeo,  id. 

Tumult.    Tumeo. 

Turbulence.    Turba,  ence. 

Ulterior.    Ultimus,  or. 

Ultimate.    Ultimus,  ate. 

Ultimatum.    Ultimus. 

Umbrageous.    Umbra,  age,  ous. 

Unanimity.    Unus,  animus,  ity. 

Unctuous.    Unctum,  ous. 

Undulating.    Unda,  ate. 

Unexampled.    Un,  exemplum. 

Uniformity.    Unus,  forma,  ity. 

Uninterrupted.    Un,  inter,  ruptunu 

Unite.    Unus. 

Unity.    Unus,  ity. 

Universal.    Unus,  versum,  al. 

Unjust.    Un,jus. 

Unmitigated.    Un,  mitigo,  ate. 

Unprepared.    Un,  pre,  paro. 

Unprincipled.    Un,  primus,  capio. 

Usage.    Usus,  age. 

Use.    Usus. 

Usually.    Usus,  al,  ly. 

Usurp.    Usus. 

Unpopular.    Un,  populus,  or. 

Utensils.    Utor. 

Utility.    Utor,  ity. 

Vagabond.    Vagus, 


166 


THE    MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Vagary.    Vagus,  ary. 

Vague.    Vagus. 

Valedictory.    Valeo,  dictum,  ory. 

Valiant.    Valeo,  ant. 

Valid.     Valeo,  id. 

Valor.    Valeo,  or. 

Valuable.     Valeo,  able. 

Vengeance.    Vindex,  ance. 

Ventilate.    Ventus,  ate. 

Venture.    Ventum,  ure. 

Veracity.    Verus,  ity. 

Verbatim.     Verbum. 

Verbiage.    Verbum,  age. 

Verbose.    Verbum,  ose. 

Verifying.    Verus,  fy. 

Veritable.    Verus,  able. 

Verity.    Verus,  ity. 

Vermin.     Vermis. 

Versatility.    Versum,  He,  ity. 

Vests.    Vesiis. 

Vestige.    Vestigium. 

Vesture.    Veins,  ure. 

Veteran.    Veteris,  an. 

Vice-President.    Vicis,pre,  sedeo,  ent. 

Victim.    Victum. 

Victory.    Victum,  ory. 

Victuals.    Victum. 

View.     Video. 

Vigor.     Vigor. 

Vigorous.    Vigor,  ous. 

Vindicate.    Vindicis,  ate. 

Vindictive.    VindiciSy  ive. 


Vinous.    Vinum,  ous. 
Vintage.    Vinum,  age. 
Virago.  Vir. 
Virtue.  Vir. 
Virulence.    Virus,  ence. 
Visage.    Visum,  age. 
Visible.    Visum,  ible. 
Visionary.    Visum,  ion,  ary. 
Visitants.    Visum,  ant. 
Visitor.    Visum,  or. 
Vista.    Visum. 
Vital.    Victum,  at. 
Vivacity.    Vivo,  ity. 
Vividly.     Vivo,  id,  ly. 
Vocabulary.  Voco,  ary. 
Vocal.    Voco,  at. 
Vivify.    Vivo,  fy. 
Vocation.    Vocatum,  ion. 
Vociferates.    Voco,  fero,  ate. 
Voice.    Voco. 
Volatile.    Volatum,  He. 
Volley.    Volo,  y. 
Voluble.    Volutum,  ble. 
Voluntary.    Volo,  ary. 
Volunteers.    Volo.  eer. 
Voluptuous.    VoluptaSyOUS. 
Voracity.    Voro,  ity. 
Votary.    Votum,  ary. 
Vote.    Votum. 

Vulgarism.    Vulgus,  ar,  ism. 
Vulgarity.    Vulgus,  ar,  ity. 
Vulnerable.    Vimeris,  able. 


PART  III. 

WORDS  DERIVED  FROM  THE  GREEK. 


As  many  Greek  derivatires  occur  in  the  sentences  under  Latin  roots,  it  ] 
thought  best  to  define  and  give  the  root,  of  the  most  important  of  these  words. 
The  numbers  refer  to  the  ssntences  in  Part  II. 


>  been 


GREEK  ALPHABET. 


Letter. 

Name. 

Power  or  equivalent. 

A      a 

Alpha    .     . 

a 

B      (i  6     . 

Beta      .     . 

b 

r     y       . 

Gamma      .     , 

g 

A      6 

Delta     .     .  - 

d 

E     t 

Epsilon 

e,  as  in  met. 

z     5 

Zeta      .     . 

z 

U      rj 

Eta  .     .     . 

e  as  in  me. 

e    5  e    . 

Theta    .     . 

th 

i     i 

Iota       .     . 

i 

K         K 

Kappa  .     . 

k  or  c 

A      X 

Lambda     . 

1 

M     n 

Mu  .     .     . 

m 

N      v 

Nu    .     .     .     . 

n 

H      I 

Xi     .     .     . 

X 

O      o 

Omicron     . 

o  as  in  not. 

n    7T 

.      Pi     .     .     . 

P 

p   p 

Rho  .     .     . 

r 

2     tr,  final  s 

Sigma  .     . 

s 

T      r 

.      Tau       .     . 

t 

Y     v 

Upsilon 

u  or  y 

*     <t> 

.      Phi  .     .     . 

.     ph 

X     ^ 

.      Chi  .     .     . 

ch 

*     t// 

.      Psi   .     .     . 

.     ps 

SI     o) 

Omega  .     . 

o  as  in  no. 

Gamma,  g,  is  always  hard;  as,  g,  in  get.  Ge,  the  earth,  is  pronounced  ge,  rxotje.  Kappa, 
c,  or  k,  is  always  hard,  like  k.  Centrum,  the  centre,  is  pronounced  kentrum,  not  ventrum. 
Ch  has  the  sound  of  fc;  as,  chole,  pi*onounced  ko-le.  » 

Every  Greek  word  has  as  miny  syllables  as  it  has  vowels  or  diphthongs. 


GEEEK  PREFIXES. 


A  or  an,  want  of,  not. 
Amphi,  or  ambi,  both. 
Ana.  through,  up. 
Axti,  or  ant,  opposite  to. 
Apo,  or  ap,  from,  away. 
Cata,  or  cat,  down. 
Di:mi,  half. 

Dia,  or  Di,  through,  asunder. 
Em,  or  en,  in,  on. 
Epi,  upon. 


Hemi,  half. 

Hyper,  over,  beyond. 

Hypo,  under. 

Meta,  change,  beyond. 

Para,  or  par,  near  to,  similar. 

Peri,  round,  about. 

Poly,  many. 

Semi,  half. 

IS;  &,  }*■•*«*«* 


(16- 


168  THE   MODEL   ETYMOLOGY. 


Academic  (Academ-ia,  a  grove  near  Athens,  where  Plato  taught  philosophy),  belonging 

to  a  college. 
Aeronaut  (Aer,  the  air.   Nauta,  a  sailor),  one  who  sails  in  the  air.  358. 
Agony  {Agon,  a  combat),  extreme  suffering. 
Alchemists  (Chym-os  fluidity),  those  who  believe  in  an  ancient  science,  which  aimed  to 

transmute  metals  into  gold.  142. 
Alphabet  (Alpha,  tbe  first  letter  in  the  Greek  alphabet;  Beta,  the  second),  the  letters 

of  a  language  arranged  in  the  customary  order. 
Amphibious  (Bi-os,  life),  capable  of  living  in  two  elements. 
Anachronism  (Chron-os,  time),  an  error  in  computing  time. 

Analysis  (Lys-is,  a  loosing),  the  resolving  of  anything  into  its  constituent  parts.  460. 
Anarchy  (Arche,  the  beginning,  government),  political  confusion. 
Anonymous  (Onym-a,  a  name),  without  a  name 
Antipathy  (Paih-os,  feeling),  repugnance.  385. 
Apathy  (Path-os,  feeling),  want  of  feeling. 
Apocalypse  (Calypt-o,  to  conceal),  Revelation.  335. 
Apology  (Log-os,  reason,  discourse,  science),  excuse. 
Apostle  (Stell-o,  to  send),  one  of  the  twelve  disciples  of  Christ  sent  forth  to  preach  the 

gospel. 
Architect  (Arche,  the  beginning,  government.  Tecton,  an  artist),  one  skilled  in  the  art 

of  building.  110. 
Architecture  (Arche,  the  beginning,  government.  Tecton,  an  artist),  the  art  of  building. 
Arctic  (Arct-os,  a  bear),  relating  to  the  North. 

Aristocracy  (Aristos,  noblest,  best.    Cratos,  government),  the  nobility. 
Astrology  (Astr-on,  a  star.    Log-os,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  divination  by  the  star*. 
Astronomical  (Astron,  a  star.    Nomos,  a  law),  relating  to  astronomy.  566. 
Astronomy,  the  science  of  the  heavenly  bodies.  350. 
Athletic  (Athl-os,  combat),  vigorous. 
Atoms  (Tomos,  a  cutting),  minute  particles.  300. 

Autograph  (Aut-os,  one's  self.     Graph-o,  to  write),  one's  own  signature. 
Automaton  (Aut-os,  one's  self.    Mat-os,  a  moving),  a  self-moving  machine. 
Baptism  QBapt-o,  to  wash,  to  sprinkle),  the  act  of  baptizing. 
Bible  (BM-os,  a  book),  the  Old  and  New  Testament.  175. 
Biography  (Bi-os,  life.    Graph-o,  to  write),  the  history  of  the  life  of  a  person. 
Canon  (Canon,  a  law,  a  rule),  an  ecclesiastical  law. 
Cathedral  (Edr-a,  a  seat,  a  base),  the  principal  church  in  a  diocese.  353. 
Chaos  (Ciia-os,&  confused  mass),  confusion. 
Character  (Character,*  mark;  peculiar  disposition),  the  qualities,  which  distinguish  one 

person  from  another.  148. 
Charity  (Charts,  charit-os,  grace,  love),  benevolence. 
Chemists  (Chym-os,  fluidity),  those  who  understand  chemistry.  176. 
Choleric  (Ohol-e,  bile, anger),  irascible. 
Christianity  (Christ-os,  anointed)  the  religion  of  Christ. 
Christmas  (Christ-os,  anointed),  the  festival  of  the  birth  of  Christ.  170. 
Chronology  (Chron-os,  time.    Log-os,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  the  science  of  dates  or 

eras. 
Chronometer  (Chron-os,  time.    Metr-um,  a  measure),  an  accurate  time-keeper. 
Concentrate  (Centr-um,  the  centre),  to  bring  to  a  common  centre. 
Cosmogony  (Cosm-os,  the  world.    Genea,  generation,  birth),  the  science  of  the  creation  of 

the  world. 
Criterion  (Criters,  a  judge),  a  standard  of  judging. 

Critic  (Crites,  a  judge),  one  skilled  in  judging  of  literary  productions,  or  works  of  art. 
Demagogue  (Dem-os,  the  people*     Agogeus,  a  leader),  an  artful  political  orator. 
Despotism  (Despot-es,  a  despot),  absolute  control  over  others.  327. 
Doxology  (Dox-a,  opinion,  glory.    Logos,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  a  hymn  expressive 

of  praise. 
Dramatist  (Drama,  a  play),  a  writer  of  plays. 

Economy  (Ec-eo,  to  dwell),  saving  of  waste  and  unnecessary  expense. 
Emphasis  (Phan-o,  to  show),  special  stress  of  the  voice  laid  upon  a  word. 
Encyclopedia  (Cycl-us,  a  circle.    Pedi-a,  learning),  a  work  in  which  the  various  branches 

of  science  are  discussed.  302. 
Epic  (Ep-os,  a  narration)  an  heroic  poem.  565. 
Epigram  (Graph-o,  to  write),  a  short  pointed  poem. 
Episcopal  (Scop-eo,  to  look),  governed  by  bishops. 
Epistle  (Stell-o,  to  send),  a  letter. 
Ether  (Ether,  the  sky),  a  light  fluid. 
Ethics  (Eth-os,  custom,  manners),  the  science  of  human  duty.  810. 


GREEK    ROOTS.  169 

Eulogy  (Eu,  well,  good.    Log-os,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  panegyric. 

Evangelist  (Eu,  well,  good.    Angel-lo,  to  bring  tidings),  a  writer  of  tlie  history  of  the  life 

and  death  of  our  blessed  Lord.  290. 
Exodus  (Od-os,  a  road  or  way),  the  departure  of  the  Israelites  from  Egypt.  301. 
trENEALOGT  (Genea,  generation,  birth.    Log-os,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  lineage. 
Genesis  (Genea,  generation,  birth),  origin. 

Geography  (Ge,  the  earth.     Graph-o,  to  write),  a  description  of  the  earth's  surface.  208. 
Geology  (Ge,  the  earth.      Log-os,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  the  science  which  treats  of 

the  structure  of  the  earlh.  302. 
Geometry  (Ge,  the  earth.    Metr-on,  a  measure),  the  science  of  magnitudes.  302. 
Graphic  (Graph-o,  to  write),  vividly  described.  565. 
Gymnasium  (Gymn-os,  naked),  a  place  for  athletic  exercises. 
Hemisphere  (Hemi,  hemis-us,  half.    Sphoer-a,  a  sphere),  half  a  globe.  269. 
Heterogeneous  (Heter-os,  another,  dissimilar.    Genea,  generation,  birth),  having  unlike 

qualities.  293. 
Horizon  (Hor-os,  a  boundary),  the  place  where  the  earth  and  sky  seem  to  meet. 
Hydhant  (Hydor,  water),  a  spout  at  which  water  may  be  drawn. 
Hydrophobia  (Hydor,  water.    Phob-os,  fear,  dread),  a  disease  which  causes  great  dread  of 

water. 
Layman  (Laos,  the  people),  one  of  the  laity. 
Lethargy  (Lethe,  forgetfulness),  dulness.  300. 
Mechanics  (Mechan-v.o,  to  contrive,  to  invent),  the  science  which  treats  of  the  action  of 

forces  on  bodies.  302. 
Mf.chanism  (Mechan-ao,  to  contrive,  to  invent),  the  construction  of  a  machine.  391. 
Melancholy  (Melan,  black,  dark),  dejection.  586. 
Melodious  (Mel-os,  a  song.     Od-e,  an  ode),  musical. 
Melody  (Mel-os,  a  song.     Od-e,  an  ode),  a  musical  succession  of  sounds. 
Metamorphose.  (Morph-e,  a  form,  a  figure),  to  transform. 
Method  (Od-os,  a  road  or  way),  arrangement.  309. 

Metropolis  (Meter,  metr-os,  a  mother.    Polis,  a  city),  the  chief  city  of  a  State. 
Mysteries  (Myst-es,  hid,  secret),  a  profound  secret.  142. 
Mythology  (Myth-ns,  a  fiction,  a  fable.    Log-os,  wisdom,  discourse,  science),  the  science 

which  treats  of  myths  or  fables.  187. 
Nausea  (Nause-a,  sea-sickness,  loathing),  sickness  of  the  stomach.  152. 
Nucleus  (Nux,  nuc4s,  a  nut),  the  central  or  material  portion.  124. 
Optical  (Opt-o,  to  see),  relating  to  sight. 

Orthography  (Orth-os,  erect,  right.    Graph-o,  to  write),  spelling. 
Parable  (Bole-o,  to  throw),  an  allegorical  relation  from  which  a  moral  is  drawn. 
Paragraph  (Graph-o,  to  write),  any  portion  of  a  writing  which  relates  to  a  particular 

point.  476. 
Parochial  (Ec-eo,  to  dwell),  relating  to  a  parish. 
Pentagon  (Pent-e,  five.     Gonia,  an  angle),  a  figure  having  five  angles. 
Pentateuch  (Pent-e,  five.  Teuch-os,  a  book),  the  first  five  books  of  the  Old  Testament.  301. 
Period  (Od-os,  a  road,  a  way),  a  portion  of  time.  575. 

Philadelphia  (Phil-os,  a  lover.    Adelph-os,  a  brother),  the  city  of  brotherly  love.  124. 
Philanthropist  (PJnl-os.  a  lover.    Anthrop-os,  a  man),  love  for  mankind. 
Philosophy  (Phil-ns,  a  lover.     Soph-ia,  wisdom),  the  science  of  general  laws.  473. 
Police  (Pol-is,  a  city),  the  body  of  civil  officers  organized  to  preserve  order  in  cities. 
Problem  (Bole-o,  to  throw),  something  proposed  to  be  done. 

Skeptical  (Sceplo-omai,  to  speculate,  to  doubt),  doubting  the  truth  of  revelation.  342. 
Synonym  (Onym-a,  a  name),  a  word  having  the  same  meaning  as  another.  329. 
Sympathy  (Path-os,  feeling),-fellow-feeling.  338. 
Telegraph  (Tel-os,  the  end,  distance.    Graph-o,  to  write),  a  machine  for  communicating 

intelligence  to  distant  places.  323. 
Telkscope  (Tel-os,  the  end,  distance.    Graph-o,  to  write),  an  instrument  for  viewing  dis- 
tant objects. 
Theatre  (Theatr-wm,  a  vheatre),  a  place  for  dramatic  representation. 
Topic  (Top-ost  a  place,  a  tract  of  country)  a  subject  of  discourse.  301. 


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Tlie  Model  Deflner,  with  Sentences 
showing  tlie  Proper  Use  of  Words  —  an 
Elementary  work,  containing  Definitions 
and  Etymology  for  the  Little  Ones.  By 
A.  C.  Webb,  Principal  of  Zane  Street 
Grammar  School,  Philadelphia.  Price, 
by  mail,  post-paid,  25  cents. 

Tlie  Model  Etymology,  with  Sen- 
tences showing  the  Correct  Use  of  Words, 
and  a  Key  giving  the  Analysis  of  English 
words.  By  A.  C.  Webb,  Principal  of  Zane 
Street  Grammar  School,  Philadelphia. 
Price,  by  mail,  post-paid,  60  cents. 

Parker's  Grammar  of*  tlie 
English.  Language.  Based  upon 
an  Analysis  of  tiie  English  Sentence. 
With  copious  Examples  and  Exercises  in 
Parsing,  and  the  Correction  of  False 
Syntax,    and    an    Appendix    containing 


Critical  and  Explanatory  Notes,  and  Lists 
of  Peculiar  and  Exceptional  Forms.     For 
the  use  of  Schools  and  Academies,  and 
those  who  write.   By  Wm.  Henky  Pakkkr, 
Principal  of  Ringgold  Grammar  School, 
Philadelphia.    Price,  by  mail,  post-paid, 
$1.25. 
A  Manual  of  Elocution,  founded 
upon  the  Philosophy  of  the  Human  Voice, 
with  Classified  Illustrations,  suggested  by 
and  arranged  to  meet  the  Practical  Diffi- 
culties of  Instruction.  By  M.  S.  Mitchell. 
The  great  need  of  a  work  of  this  kind 
suggested  its  preparation,  and  the  Compiler 
has  given  so  thorough  a  treatment  of  the 
subject  as  to  leave  nothing  further  to  be 
desired.    Price  by  mail,  post-paid,  $1.50. 
The    Young     Student's     Com- 
panion;  or,  Elementary  Lessons  and 
Exercises  in  Translating  from  English 
into  French. 

A  first  book  in  French,  designed  to  aid 
beginners  in  that  branch  of  study.  Simple, 
progressive,  and  practical.  Few  precepts 
and  much  practice.  Price,  by  mail,  post- 
paid, $1.00. 

The  Model  Roll  Book,  No.  1,  for 
the  use  of  Schools.  Containing  a  Record 
of  Attendance,  Punctuality,  Deportment,. 
Orthography,  Beading,  Penmanship,  In- 
tellectual Arithmetic,  Practical  Arithme- 
tic, Geography,  Grammar,  Parsing,  and 
History,  and  several  blanks  for  special 
studies  not  enumerated.  Price,  $3.50,  by 
express. 
The  Model  Roll  Book,  No.  3,  for 
the  use  of  High  Schools,  Academies,  and 
Seminaries.  Containing  a  Record  of  all 
the  Studies  mentioned  in  Roll  Book  No.  1, 
together  with  Elocution,  Algebra,  Geo- 
metry, Composition,  French,  Latin,  Phi- 
losophy, Physiology,  and  several  blanks 
for  special  studies  not  enumerated.  Price, 
$3.50,  by  express. 
The  Teacher's  Model  Pocket 
Register  and  Grade  Book, 
adapted  to  any  grade  of  School  from 
Primary  to  College.  Price,  by  mail,  post- 
paid, 65  cents.  Per  doz.,  by  Exp*  ess,  $6.00. 
The  Model  School  Diary,  designed 
as  an  aid  in  securing  the  co-operation  of 
Parents. 

Teachers  will  find  in  this  Diary  an  article 
that  has  long  been  needed.  Its  low  cost 
will  insure  its  general  use.  Copies  will  be 
mailed  to  teachers  for  examination,  post- 
paid, on  receipt  of  ten  cents.  Price,  per 
dozen,  by  mail,  $1.00.  Per  dozen,  by  ex- 
press, 84  cents. 


Descriptive  Circulars  sent  by  Mail  upon  application. 

170 


^B  36589 


lest. 


&&**■,  Mr^^HH^Mi^Mf-^^^^^;.: 


JP3 


SCrlOOL   BOOKS. 


MITCHELL'S  ELOCUTION,     A  practical  and  valuable  book. 

THE  YOUNG  STUDENT'S  COMPANION,    A  first  book  in  French. 

MARTINDALE'S  HISTORY   OF  THE   UNITED  STATES.    An 

excellent  and  very  popular  work.    (MuUum  in  Parvo.) 
PARKER'S  ENGLISH  .GRAMMAR,     For  Schools  and  Academies. 
THE  MODEL  ROLL-BOOK,  No,  1,    For  the  uxe  of  Schools. 
THE  MODEL  ROLL-BOOK,  No.  2.     Iter  Academies,  High  Schools,  &c. 
THE  MODEL  SCHOOL-DIARY.     To  secure  co-operation  of  parents. 

THE  MODEL  POCKET-REGISTER  AND  GRADE-BOOK 
WEBB'S  MOLEL  DEFINEB;  -        )    Giving    Sentences   illustrative  of 
WEBB'S  MODEL  ETYMOLOGY,    I      the  Proper  Use  of  Words. 


CHASE  &  STUART'S  C£SAR, 
CHASE  &  STUART'S  VIRGIL. 
CHASil  &  STUART'S  CICERO. 
CHASE  &  STUART'S  HORACE. 


V  new  sex  .os  of  the  classics,  which 
is  being  extensively  adopted 
References  to  Ilarkness's  Latin 
Grammar,  and  to  Andrews  & 
Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar. 


ft 


r 


~(htr    Illustrated    Catalog uef    containing   fall    descriptive 
not! res  of  the  above,  together  with  a  list  of 

WILL    BE    SENT    TO    ANY  ADDRESS,  ON    APPLICATION. 


Publishers   ^    Booksellers, 

17  &  19  SOUTH  SIXTH  ST.,  PHILADA.      o  * 


S^gMNM^ 


